地形

On such a basis, the multi-year foreshore digital terrain models were built.

在此基础上研究了滩涂地形分析方法，并在地理信息系统平台上开发了滩涂地形分析系统。

Compared with traditional DEM or TIN based methods, this pure vector approach obtains not only the topological structure of drainage system in planar graph, but also the valley distribution polygon range. Depending on geometrical computation and judgment of vector line, polygon, the structured properties in drainage representation is enhanced, avoiding the case of noise disturbance in DEM based method. The core algorithm makes use of the ability of Delaunay triangulation in detecting hierarchical structure of each contour line.

中文摘要：基于Delaunay三角网模型在矢量等高线基础上通过弯曲特征分析，给出了一种地形结构特征提取及谷地树组织的方法，与传统的基于DEM或TIN数据结构提取地形特征的方法相比，该方法不仅得到了谷地系统在平面图上的拓扑结构，还获得了河谷在空间分布上的汇水范围，依托矢量线、多边形的几何关系判断，增强了谷地树组织中的结构化，避免了DEM方法中的噪音干扰，方法的核心是Delaunay三角网在单根等高线弯曲深度表达上的层次结构识别。

Digital Elevation Model is a digital description of land surface, which can provide new means and perspective on study of geomorphology.

数字高程模型正是对地球表面地形地貌的数字表达和模拟，这就为研究地形地貌提供了新的思路和方法。

Applying combined method of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, on the basis of on ago research fruit, this paper firstly analyses main factors that affect the safe distance from friendly force to target for tank gun overhead firing systemically. Based on that, this paper builds math model of calculating the safe distance from friendly force to target separately aiming to the difference of tank gun overhead firing in plane and undulate terrain. At last, through applying Mathematica soft, this paper presents the safe distance from friendly force to target for a tank gun overhead firing used APFSDS, HEAT and HESH, combined qualitative analysis.

采用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法，在以往研究成果的基础上，首先系统地分析并提出了影响坦克炮超越射击时友军至目标安全距离的主要因素；以此为基础，针对平坦地形和起伏地形上坦克炮超越射击的不同情况，分别建立了确定友军至目标安全距离的数学模型；最后通过运用Mathematica软件进行定量计算，并结合定性分析，提出了某型坦克炮使用尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹、空心装药破甲弹和杀伤爆破榴弹进行超越射击时友军至目标的安全距离。

The article incorporates Huygens' principle with existing fire behavior models of surface fire spread, crown fire spread, fire acceleration, builds forest fire simulation models which fit to Anning's terrain, and develops related dynamic modules for Yunnan Province. The experiment explores the spread of forest fires based on the Yunnan's special topography simulation.

利用惠更斯原理进行林火蔓延模拟，结合国际上成熟的林火行为模型（Rothermel的地表火模型，Van Wagner的树冠火蔓延模型，McAlpine的林火加速模型），建立适合云南省特殊地形的林火蔓延动态模型，并开发相应的动态模拟模块，在云南特殊地形地貌上的林火蔓延模拟做出一定探索。

First chapter is the summary, mainly introduced the project basic survey; Second chapter for the dam site hydrology characteristic, introduced the Hubei -01 key project in the basin specially is nearby the dam site hydrometeorology survey; Third chapter for the key position and the storehouse district terrain geology condition, introduced explained the dam site specially is nearby the dam spool thread terrain geology condition; Fourth chapter for the key position building shaping and the hydrology computation, including determined key position the project rank, the building shaping, adjusts Hong to calculate, blows off the bottom hole cross section size drawing up with initially to draw up the key position scheme of arrangement; Fifth chapter draws up for the size with the dam body arrangement, including the shaping, the Liang section plane determination, the dam body dam base guards against infiltrates the draining water facility the arrangement and the dam body plane arrangement and the stress stable analysis computation; Sixth chapter for the flood discharge design, mainly is the top of dam detailing and the downriver disappears can design; Seventh chapter for blows off the building the design, mainly is to imports the building the detailing strobe arrangement and Kong Shen and the exportation disappears can the design; Eighth chapter pilots the system and the power plant workshop design for the power plant, mainly is directs the system and the power plant workshop design to the power plant; Ninth chapter is ground processing, including ground excavating, the cleaning up, solidifies the grouting, the curtain is in the milk and all that some processing measure.

第一章为综述，主要介绍了工程的基本概况；第二章为坝址水文特性，介绍了鄂-01枢纽工程所在流域特别是坝址附近的水文气象概况；第三章为枢纽及库区地形地质条件，介绍说明了坝址特别是坝轴线附近的地形地质条件；第四章为枢纽建筑物的选型及水文计算，包括确定枢纽的工程等级，建筑物选型，调洪演算，放空底孔断面尺寸的拟定和初步拟定枢纽布置方案；第五章为拱坝尺寸拟定和坝体布置，包括拱坝的选型、拱冠梁剖面的确定、坝体坝基防渗排水设施的布置及坝体的平面布置和应力稳定分析计算；第六章为泄洪的设计，主要是坝顶的细部设计和下游消能设计；第七章为放空建筑物的设计，主要是对进口建筑物的细部设计闸门布置及孔身和出口消能的设计；第八章为电站引水系统及电站厂房设计，主要是对电站引系统和电站厂房的设计；第九章为地基处理，包括地基的开挖，清理，固结灌浆，帷幕灌浆以及其他一些处理措施。

According to the change of slope and hypsography intension, the 8 terrains were distinguished .then, The relations of terrains and the status of soil fertility were studied.

本文根据坡度和地势强度的变化把地形分为8种不同的类别，然后，分析了海南省胶园土壤肥力特性在不同地形条件下的变化。

An inhomogeneous Benjamin-Davis-Ono-Burgers equation including topographic forcing and turbulent dissipation is derived in terms of the quasi-geostrophic vorticity equation, an approximate analytic solution of the BDO-Burgers equation with a small dissipation is obtained, the time variations of mass and energy of the algebraic solitary waves are discussed, and finally, the forced BDO-Burgers equation is integrated numerically and the numerical solutions are given for a given basic flow with a weak shear and a localized topographic forcing.

利用包括地形外源和湍流耗散的准地转涡度方程导出了包含强迫项和湍流耗散项的非齐次强迫BDO-Burgers方程，求出了小耗散存在情况下BDO-Burgers方程的近似解析解，讨论了代数孤立波的质量和能量的守恒关系，最后，对给定的弱切变基本气流和局地地形强迫，数值积分强迫BDO-Burgers方程，求得了不同参数下的数值解。

The differential exhumation caused by the NNE-trending faults probably continued all the way from the 180℃isothermal surface, through 110℃isothermal surface to the 70℃isothermal surface. At 90Ma, Dabie orogen"s average height of topography, compared with the current sea level, reached 1.45 km (when geothermal gradient is chosen as 25℃/km) or 1.75 km (when geothermal gradient is chosen as 20℃/km), which is 4(when geothermal gradient is chosen as 25℃/km) or 5(when geothermal gradient is chosen as 20℃/km) times of the height of today"s surface topography in simulated region.

这种由于NNE向断裂系引发的差异推隆剥露，可能从等温面180℃锆石(U-Th／He的封闭温度、经过110℃(磷灰石裂变径迹的退火温度)一直延续到70℃等温面磷灰石(U-Th／He的封闭温度大别造山带90Ma时与现今海平面相比地形平均高度可达1.45km(地温梯度取25℃／km时)或1.75km(地温梯度取20℃／km时)，是现今模拟区域地形平均高度的4倍(地温梯度取25℃／km时)或5倍(地温梯度取20℃／km时)。

In order to overcome them, another simple but highly effective method is proposed in this paper. This method is based on mechanical model of spline function. The principle is that the vertical displacements of elastic lamella grids the elevation of land key points. Consequently we can use the finite element method to draw contours accurately.

为了克服这些现象，提出了一种根据地形特征点自动绘制等高线的高效、简便、实用的新方法，其基本思想是建立在样条函数的力学模型基础上，利用弹性薄板的竖向位移比拟地形特征点的标高，从而利用有限元，高精度地绘制出等高线。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。