地形

Valley glaciers are confined to valleys in mountainous terrain.

山谷冰川要受山谷地形地形的地形限制。

To reconstruct 3D terrain around the lunar rover from stereo image-pairs captured by the panoramic camera,based on which an intuitive platform can be put up for scientists to plan exploration commands,the authors set about to study 3D terrain registration based on stereo vision in advance.The paper presents our achievement on 3D terrain registration.

为了从月球车上的全景相机所捕获的立体图像对重建月球车周围的3D地形，给地面科学家制定科学探测指令提供一个直观的可视化平台，预先展开了基于立体视觉的3D地形重建的研究，主要介绍了在3D地形拼接方面的研究进展。

the digitized mapping technique is to combine the field data collection system with the computer assisted mapping system in surveys by computer technology.it aims to realize the information collected and processed digitally and automaticaity.the digitized mapping technique can cut short the working time,lighten the labor intensity and enhance the precision of the productions.the system consists of three parts,such as data input,data processing and data output.the survey-record digitized mapping technique is widely used in the digitized mapping working pattern.for its superiority over traditional plane-table mapping in accuracy and efficiency,the large scale digital mapping is becoming more and more popular.compared with traditional analogue mapping,digital mapping has more quality control pivotai points,and its contents and methods are more complex.with the appearance of new technology gps ,the coordinate of different levels controlling points may be surveyed in high precision and it has been applied widely in topographic survey.the operation process of gps electronic tachometer is introduced and its application in topographic survey is br

计算机应用论文，计算机论文， rtk ，全站仪，数字测图，地形测量， gps论文摘要：数字测图是在测量工作中利用电子计算机技术将野外数据采集系统与内业机助制图系统相结合，其目标是实现信息采集处理的数字化、自动化、信息化。数字测图可以缩短作业时间，减轻劳动强度，提高成果精度。数字测图系统主要由数据输入、数据处理和数据输出3部分组成，数字测图作业模式中测记式数字测图应用最为广泛。大比例尺数字测图正以其测图精度高，成图速度快等优势逐步的取代传统的，以平板仪为主的模拟测图。与传统的模拟测图相比，数字测图的质量控制关键点更多、内容与方法更为复杂。gps 新技术的出现，可以高精度并快速地测定各级控制点的坐标，在地形测量中已得到广泛地应用。本文介绍了gps 配合全站仪的作业流程，简要阐明了其在地形测量中的应用。在利用实测数据成图的过程中，解决一些常见的问题，并给出解决的办法及依据，同时给出一些有益的结论，以适应实际使用的需要。

The approach, based on the physical model of terrain contour matching, defines a probability vector to describe the local terrain uniqueness and thus provides a way to measure terrain uniqueness via entropy.

该方法从地形匹配的物理模型出发，定义了描述局部地形独特性的一个概率向量，在此基础上，给出了地形独特性的熵度量方法。

Effect of terrain increases ground rough and tonsure of terrain press and fiction correspond enhance frictional damp effect.

3地形作用相当于增加了地面粗糙度，地形压力梯度项与摩擦项地叠加，相当于使摩擦阻尼作用增大，地形强迫作用使下边界层从上至下风速减小，风向向左偏转。

RAW Height Map#define STEP_SIZE 16 // Width And Height Of Each Quad#define HEIGHT_RATIO 1.5f // Ratio That The Y Is Scaled According To The X And Z HDC hDC=NULL;// Private GDI Device ContextHGLRC hRC=NULL;// Permanent Rendering ContextHWND hWnd=NULL;// Holds Our Window HandleHINSTANCE hInstance;// Holds The Instance Of The Application bool keys[256];// Array Used For The Keyboard Routinebool active=TRUE;// Window Active Flag Set To TRUE By Defaultbool fullscreen=TRUE;// Fullscreen Flag Set To TRUE By Defaultbool bRender = TRUE;// Polygon Flag Set To TRUE By Default 这里我们用了一个字节数组g_HeightMap

在这篇教程中图的大小是1024×1024.STEP_SIZE是我们用来绘制地形的正方体的大小，减小步长，地形图就会变得更加平滑。有一点很重要，步长越小你的程序所做的工作就将越多，特别是在使用大的高度图时。HEIGHT_RATIO用来缩放地形的Y轴的值，较小的HEIGHT_RATIO可以用来绘制较平的山，较大的HEIGHT_RATIO用来绘制较高的山。在下面的代码中，你会看到变量bRender。如果bRender的值为真，我们就填充模式绘制多边形，如果它的值为假，那么我们就用线框模式绘制地形。

The influences of shortterm climatic and topographical variations to the mass balance were more heavy in this year than in other years. In the high accumulation zone, the influence of the shortterm climatical variation is greater than that of topographical one, while in the low value zone, the latter is greater than the former.

此外，年内短期气候和地形变化对物质平衡的影响均大于多年平均状态，在高值物质平衡区，气候变化对物质平衡的影响大于地形变化的影响；而在低值物质平衡区，地形变化对物质平衡的影响则大于气候变化对物质平衡的影响。

It shows through the calculation of topographic shaping of typical regions and channel shaping of the river system of the middle Yellow River and preliminary analysis on interrelationship with gravity erosion that it is feasible to reflect the integrated factor of topography and geomorphy...

对黄河中游典型区域地形分形和河网沟道分形的计算及其与重力侵蚀相互关系的初步分析表明：通过分形来反映流域地形地貌综合因素是可行的；地形分形与重力侵蚀的关系较为紧密，可以用于重力侵蚀的宏观预测；河网分形与重力侵蚀的关系较弱。

High resolution (3-km) simulations are conducted using MM5 model to investigate the mechanisms leading to the loop motion of the typhoon, and the role of Taiwan topography. The results show that high topography plays an important role in Typhoon Krosa's looping. The southward track deflection is reduced when the terrain elevations are lowered, and vice versa.

本研究将利用MM5中尺度模式进行高解析度(最高解析度为3公里)的数值模拟，探讨柯罗莎台风(2007)打转运动和台湾地形之关系，及其背后的动力机制；研究结果显示柯罗莎的偏转与地形的高度密切相关，当台湾地形高度降低时，柯罗莎的偏转幅度也减少，反之亦然。

Terrain following ; lobber probability ; terrain model ; control system ; terrain following simulation

地形跟随；撞地概率；地形模型；控制系统；地形跟随仿真

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。