地形

SOTER as the combination of soil, landform and lithology contains more information than single soil or landform database.

集土壤与地形数据千一体的SOTER数据库，较单一的土壤或地形数据库包含有更多的信息，这能够为日益锐化的人口与自然资源之间的矛盾的解决提供更有力的数据支持。

Therelationship between the turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate,whichis widely used to parameterize the dissipation rate in turbulence closure models,is found to hold well for both reversing and rotating flows,but with differentcoefficients.Microstructure profiling measurements at two comparative stations (a deepercentral basin and a local shelf break) in the stratified Yellow Sea are analyzed,with emphasis on tidal and internal-wave induced turbulence near the bottomand in the pyenocline.The water column has a distinct three-layer thermohaline structure,consisting of weakly stratified surface and bottom boundary layers anda narrow sharp pycnocline.Turbulence in the surface layer is controlled by thediurnal cycle of buoyancy flux and wind forcing at the sea surface.while thebottom stress induced by barotropic tidal eurrents dominates turbulence in thebottom boundary layer.The maximum level at which the tidally enhanced mixingcan affect generally depends on the magnitude of the tidal current,and it canbe up to 10-15 m in the Yellow Sea.This suggests that,in the deeper regionsof the shelf seas,turbulent dissipation and mixing are very weak at the levelsbetween the near-bottom tidally enhanced layer and the pycnocline.Therefore,these levels provide a significant bottle neck for the vertical exchanges.In theshallow regions,however,the tidally-induced turbulence can occupy the wholewater colum below the pycnocline.A quarter-diurnal periodicities of the turbulentdissipation rate and eddy diffusivity are found at different heights with evidenttime lag.In the relatively flat central basin,the pycnocline is essentially non-turbulent and internal-wave activity is very weak.Therefore,vertical fluxes acrossthe pycnocline decreased to molecular levels.In contrast,internal waves of variousperiods can be always found near the local shelf break.

对强层化季节黄海两对比性站位(分别位于中央海盆区与局地陆坡区)处层化、内波以及湍流混合特征的研究结果表明：1、强层化季节的陆架海水体一般呈现显著的三层热盐结构，在水体近乎混合均匀的上混合层与潮流底边界层之间为强跃层；2、近表层水体的湍流混合强度主要由海表浮力通量的日变化与海表风强迫控制，而在潮流底边界层内，潮混合是水体热量、物质、动量与能量垂直交换的主要机制；3、潮混合影响的深度由潮流大小决定，在黄海，一般可达10-15 m，因此，在水深较深的区域，在跃层与潮混合所至深度范围的上界之间存在湍流混合非常弱的区域，这显著抑制水体内物质的垂直通量，为物质垂直交换的瓶颈，而在水深较浅的区域，潮混合影响范围可至跃层底部，因此物质在跃层以下整个水体中混合非常均匀，当跃层内间歇性强混合发生时，可以产生显著的跨跃层物质输运；4、近底潮致强湍流耗散缓慢地向上传播，底上不同深度处垂直湍扩散系数也具有显著的位相差异，且二者均随时间呈现四分之一周日周期的变化；5、在地形较为平坦的中央海盆区，内波活动非常微弱，因此跃层内湍流混合非常弱，垂直扩散系数为分子扩散水平，跨跃层物质通量受到显著抑制，而在地形变化较为显著的局地陆坡区，内波活动非常活跃，除内潮的影响外，高频内波与内孤立波的影响也很显著，因此跃层内存在很强的间歇性强混合，内孤立波存在的区域，水体湍流混合显著增强。

The dissertation utilizes a Four-branch LOD caculating method to solve the problem of triangle quantities in big topograph.

在大规模的地形渲染技术的设计上，本文使用了一种基于四叉树的LOD算法来解决大规模地形渲染中的三角形数目问题。

It presents an improved real-time continuous LOD algorithm based on unfull quadtree.

该算法在传统的LOD技术基础上，提出用&先压缩、后构模&以及&背面剔除&的思想来简化地形网格，提高了地形可视化的绘制效率。

This paper presented an adaptive 3D fractal reconstruction algorithm to overcome the shortcomings of conventional methods, such as time consuming, ununiformity, parametric complexity.

针对常规三维分形地形重建算法具有的速度慢、插值点分布不均匀、参数设置复杂等缺点，提出自适应的三维分形地形重建算法。

Variable Terrain Cost: In this tutorial and my accompanying program, terrain is just one of two things ? walkable or unwalkable.

多样的地形代价：在本教程以及我的附带程序里，地形只有两种情况：可行走和不可行走。

The red team emplaces IEDs, and the "blue" team drives mock humvees through the IED-infested terrain and trys to anticipate their location based on the topography.

简易爆炸装置安放在红队，和&蓝色&团队驱动器通过灭蝇灯出没的地形模拟，力图悍马预料其位置根据地形。

Although Taipei and Taichung are both basin landforms, the distribution of the heat island in Taichung is centered and distinct, while that of Taipei is large and of a wide variety because of its high development and urbanization It is also clear from the results that in urban areas, large greened areas or parks play a key role in reducing temperatures.

海岸地形的都会区，都市热岛现象受到海陆气候极大的影响，使得白天热岛中心偏向内陆，晚上热岛中心则偏向海边。虽然台中与台北同属盆地地形，但台北都会区因具有大范围、高度发展与复杂的商业、人为活动，而使得其都市热岛中心分布不像台中集中与明显。

The methods for the recovery of gravity filed from satellite altimetry are summarized and studied and the geoid and gravity anomaly grided in 2.5′×2.5′ size over china are recovered from multi-satellite altimetry data. Two methods are used to recover gravity.

6总结并研究了由测高数据恢复海洋重力场以及分离海面地形的方法；利用多代卫星测高资料，以测高轨迹海面高剖面梯度采样为基础数据，分别由垂线偏差法和最小二乘配置法反演了2.5′×2.5′中国海域的重力异常和大地水准面差距；然后采用移去-恢复由高斯滤波方法从平均海面高中分离出15′×15′中国海域的动力海面地形。

Premising that model initial fields keep unchanged, sensitivity experiments of increasing or decreasing terrain height in selected area are carried out by using ARPS model, and the influences of dynamic variation on physical processes of cloud and precipitation are further analyzed.

在不改变模式初始边界条件的前提下，进行了地形增高和降低的敏感性试验，进一步分析了地形引起的动力场变化对云和降水物理过程的影响。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。