地幔岩

Trace element exhibits enrichment of LREE and antipathic elements. Trace element spidergram of obvious right deviation and extremely high containing of Sr, Zr and Hf are different from the negative anomaly of dunite which lies the bottom of ophiolite, but has weak positive anomaly.

微量元素显示LREE和不相容元素的富集，右倾的微量元素分布模式，异常高的Sr含量，Zr、Hf不同于蛇绿岩底部纯橄榄岩的负异常，而显示出微弱正异常，这些特征都与经典蛇绿岩层序底部的地幔橄榄岩不同。

There is a join of mantle material in the diagenetic process of the partial granitic rock mass.

成岩物质来自陆壳，部分岩体在成岩过程中有地幔派生物质的加入。

Mafic granulite and gabbro xenoliths are also found in the same kimberlitic pipes from the Eastern-North China platform, and suggest that multi-accretion events took place. The gabbro was formed lighly earlier with the host kimberlite. The underplating of the mafic magmas was related to the continental orogeny in the late middle-Ordovician Period.

金伯利岩中强烈变质的基性麻粒岩以及变质不彻底的粗粒辉长岩在同一岩管中共存，表明华北古老岩石圈地幔所发生的多次增生作用事件，特别是后者的变质不彻底变质作用暗示其形成时代与金伯利岩相近，这种基性岩浆的底侵作用与华北地台中奥陶世晚期的造陆抬升有关。

The Dabie Mountains are unique among ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terranes in having the most profound post collisional plutonism The Mesozoic shoshonitic and calc alkaline intrusive rocks can be divided into three groups with different isotopic ages, rock assemblages and chemical features Group I consists of late Triassic (~ 210 Ma) mafic monzodiorites It could have been generated by partial melting of enriched subcontinental lithosphere mantle due to slab breakoff Group II consists ma...

第 I组，主要由晚三叠世（约210 Ma）二长闪长岩辉长岩体组成，它可能是在板片断离过程中富集的大陆岩石圈地幔部分熔融的产物；第I I组，由中侏罗世－早白垩世（160～120 Ma）的角闪石英二长岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩组成，主要是由幔源岩浆的分离结晶与地壳混染共同作用的产物；第II I组，以白垩纪（125～95 Ma）的花岗岩和花岗斑岩为代表，是在热穹窿作用过程中大别杂岩深熔作用和高度演化的产物。

Neoproterozoic Baoxing Complex in middle to lower metamorphic grade, located in western margin of Yangtze Craton, consists mainly of metamorphic gabbroic, dioritic gneisses, tonalitic and granodioritic gneisses, and massive monzogranites The studies of petrochemistry and SmNd isotopes of Baoxing Complex reveal that the gabbroic and dioritic magmas came from a congenetic magma derived from the partial melting of spinel lherzolites in depletive mantle, and that the magma was intensively contaminated by crustal materials during its emplacement The tonalitic and granodioritic magma were derived from the partial melting of metamorphic basalts in the lower crust And the monzogranitic magma was formed from partial melting of metagreywacks Integrating the lithological association, their trace elements, SmNd isotopic characteristics and petrogenesis, the Baoxing Complex must likely have been emplaced in an island arc tectonic background at the Neoproterozoic active continental margin of Yangtze Craton

位于扬子克拉通西缘的新元古代宝兴杂岩主要由中低级变质的辉长质片麻岩、闪长质片麻岩、英云闪长质到花岗闪长质片麻岩和块状二长花岗岩组成。岩石地球化学和SmNd同位素特征表明，辉长质片麻岩和闪长质片麻岩为同源岩浆演化序列，原始岩浆起源于亏损地幔尖晶石橄榄岩的部分熔融，在上升和侵位过程中受到了地壳岩石强烈混染。英云闪长质和花岗闪长质岩浆形成于下地壳玄武质岩石部分熔融，而二长花岗质岩浆形成于杂砂岩的部分熔融。综合分析宝兴杂岩的岩石组合、微量元素和同位素特征，该杂岩体最有可能形成于新元古代活动大陆边缘火山弧构造背景，并可能经历了碰撞过程。

The characteristics of elements shows that magma of fine dioritequartz diorites derived from the enriched mantle or lower crust undergone ocean crust subducting and dehydrating, and was formed and emplaced in the process of crust growth. The magma of dioritic porphyritedacitic porphyries emplaced relatively late, it might derive from upper crust or undergo intensive contamination of crustal materials, and was formed in the proces of crust thining. These characteristics suggest that the geodynamics background of the Jinchanggouliang gold deposit formation is the transition process from compression to extension.

元素地球化学特征显示：细晶闪长岩-石英闪长岩的岩浆源于富集地幔或洋壳俯冲脱水交代的下地壳，地壳增厚过程产生并就位；闪长玢岩-英安斑岩类的岩浆就位相对晚，来源具有上地壳性质或被地壳物质强烈混染，地壳减薄过程形成；这种特征暗示金厂沟梁金矿形成的地球动力学背景是在地壳挤压增厚转化为伸展减薄过程。

LREE depleted spinel lherzolite xenoliths are the 2%～15% partial melting residues of spinel lherzolite with 2 times REE concentration of chondrite. LREE enriched spinel lherzolite xenoliths are the prodiuct that 1% partial melting of garnet lherzolite derived melts mix in ratio of 2% with most LREE depleted spinel lherzolite.

轻稀土亏损的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体，是2倍球粒陨石稀土元素丰度的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩地幔经过2％～15％部分熔融后的残留体；而富集型尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体可能为，来自深部石榴石二辉橄榄岩源区1％熔融形成的熔体以约2％的比例隐交代轻稀土元素最亏损的包体代表的幔源区后形成的。

Abundant peridotitic xenoliths had been found in the Dashihe Cenozoic basalts in Jiaohe of Jilin Province, northeastern China.

吉林省蛟河市境内大石河新生代玄武岩中含有丰富的地幔橄榄岩包体，详细的岩石学与矿物学研究显示，这些包体的主要岩石类型为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩-方辉橄榄岩，未发现石榴石橄榄岩。

Based on the detailed study of seismic tomography image in South China, and according to the geotectonic environment and shape and heat of asthenosphere upwelling, we divided the structure of lithosphereasthenosphere at the Mesozoic upper mantle of Eastern China into three types.(1)Continental platform area (North China platform and Yangtze platform): asthenosphere upwelled along paleorift; over the plume head, the granitic rocks of crust and mantle mixed and correspondingly, Au, Cu, Mo, PbZn, etc. mineralizationconcentrated regions were formed; and at the steep contact belt of asthenosphere and the thick area of lithosphere, mediatebasic complex was formed.(2)Central area of fold zone: asthenosphere was "recumbent" at suitable depth, with adequate heat and in a great extent; by heat conduction, the interior of partial crust remelted, and the crustsource granitic rocks, and correspondingly, W, Sn and rare elements mineralizationconcentrated regions were formed.

在深入研究华南地震层析成像的基础上，按照大地构造环境和软流圈上涌形状和热度，将中国东部中生代上地幔中岩石圈软流圈构造划分为3类：(1)陆台区，软流圈沿古裂陷上涌，其柱头上方形成幔壳混熔花岗质岩及相应Au、Cu、Mo、PbZn等矿集区，并于软流圈与岩石圈厚区之陡接触带形成中基性杂岩及相应Fe矿集区；(2)褶皱带中心区，软流圈在适当深度、热量充足、较大范围内&平卧&，因热传导而致使地壳内物质部分重熔，形成壳源型花岗质岩及相应的W、Sn、稀有元素矿集区；(3)褶皱带边缘区(大兴安岭南部及华南南缘)，在软流圈上涌柱上方形成幔源或幔壳混熔的花岗质岩，相应为Cu、Au、PbZn、Mo、Ag矿集区。

Bulk rock chemistry of Hujialing garnet clinopyroxenite in Rizhao of the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt is rich in fusible composition and low in refractory composition when compared with that of the primary mantle. Whole rock has 44.04%~50.50% SiO2, high MgO(12.77%~18.73%), high GaO/Al2O3 (1.6~8.0), low alkali and Mg(superscript #)(74.82~86.13), which shows that the rock has an affinity to alumina-depleted komatiite.

与原始地幔相比，苏鲁超高压变质带的日照胡家岭石榴单辉辉石岩体全岩化学成分易熔组分均较高，而难熔组分均较低，全岩的SiO2含量为44.04%~50.50%，高MgO(12.77%~18.73%)，高CaO/Al2O3(1.6~8.0)，低碱，Mg的变化范围为74.82~86.13，成分特点类似铝亏损型科马提岩。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。