地幔岩

Volcanic rocks contain plenty of mantle-derived xenoliths, including spinel lherzolites with subordinate wehrlite, dunite, olivine websterite, clinopyroxenite and garnet lherzolite , and few olivine, clinopyroxene and spinel xenocrysts.

火山岩中含有的地幔捕虏体类型主要有：尖晶石二辉橄榄岩、石榴石二辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩、异剥橄榄岩和单斜辉石岩；捕虏晶主要有橄榄石、单斜辉石和尖晶石。

However, the difference between Hongge and Xinjie is also apparent, perhaps reflecting the source difference in the mantle. Relative to the Hongge intrusion the Xinjie intrusion is more depleted in Nd isotope ratio and enriched in REE and LILE. The Xinjie intrusion plots in the first quadrant in Sr-Nd diagram, which shows the Sr isotope-enriched and Nd isotope-depleted slightly feature. This indicates that the source of the Xinjie intrusion may had the mantle wedge signature.

但红格、新街岩体的源区又有所不同，新街岩体较红格岩体Nd同位素更亏损，稀土和大离子亲石元素更富集；新街岩体在Sr-Nd相关图上，位于第一象限，显示Sr同位素富集，Nd同位素略亏损特征，指示了新街岩体的源区可能有残留地幔楔的成分。

The research results imply that the regional tectonic stress field has resulted in deformation and flow of upper mantle material with clockwise rotation,and make the alignment of upper mantle peridotite lattice parallel to the direction of material deformation. The deformation of the crust and upper mantle is possibly vertically coherent deformation.

研究表明青藏高原东北缘上地幔物质在区域构造应力场的作用下，发生了顺时针旋转的形变以至流动，使得上地幔中橄榄岩的晶格排列方向平行于物质形变或流动方向，上地幔变形和上覆地壳变形可能存在垂直连贯变形特征。

Oceanic lithospheric mantle harzburgite occurs together with meta-cumulate complex (including garnet pyroxenite and kyanite-eclogite) and MORE-related eclogite; these represent blocks of oceanic lithosphere.

2大洋蛇绿岩型地幔橄榄岩，与变质的堆晶杂岩（包括石榴辉石岩、蓝晶石榴辉岩）和具有大洋玄武岩特征的榴辉岩构成典型的蛇绿岩剖面，代表大洋岩石圈残片。

Heat flows derived from garnet, chromite/chromium-spinel and pyroxene of xenoliths, xenocrysts in Mengyin and Fuxian kimberlites are higher than 40mW/m〓 calculated from the pyroxene inclusions in diamonds, and the range of pressure is 20～40kb (equivalent to 65～130km). Metasomatism (as indicated by yimengite and lindsleyite in Mengyin) is very strong in this depth range. Lherzolite, wehrlite, and diamond-free high-Ca harzburigite around the world are derived from this depth also. The observation suggests that the low-Ca harzburigitic environment for diamond stability had been changed significantly when the kimberlitic magmas erupted. This resulted from fluid interaction with harzburigite. The geotherm of the Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath Eastern-North China platform is higher than oceanic one. The temperature from the interior of the Tan-Lu faults is higher than that from apart off the fault.

除金刚石中的辉石温压投点落于40m W/m〓占地温线上外，捕虏体及捕虏晶中石榴石，铬尖晶石及单斜辉石的投点均偏离该地温线，显示较高的地温特点，而且捕虏体及捕虏晶的压力范围多在20-40kb(相当于65-130km)间，该深度范围内地幔的交代作用特别发育，如蒙阴大量发育的沂蒙矿、钛钾铬石等就发育于该深度范围，世界范围内不含金刚石的高钙方辉橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩、异剥橄榄岩也分布于该区中，一方面表明捕虏体的主要取样位置已不在金刚石稳定区中，另一方面也表明金刚石稳定的橄榄岩环境，在金伯利岩侵位并捕虏他们时已发现了明显的改造，这种改造作用主要是通过长期的熔流体与先存的橄榄岩相互作用的结果。

The Sm-Nd isochron age (1182±50Ma) of Kangshan metamorphic complex has first been presented in the paper, which deny the tranditional point that the complex is Archean Taihua group. It's suggested that the plagioclase-amphibolite originates from subcon tinantal lithospheric mantal, assimilating and hybridizing minor crustal materials.

首次提供康山变质杂岩的Sm-Nd等时线年龄(1182±50Ma)，否定了康山变质杂岩是太华群的传统认识，并提出康山变质杂岩内斜长角闪岩原岩主要来源于大陆岩石圈地幔，同化混染了少量壳内物质。

The mafic dikes also formed by the partial melting of enriched mantle, include gabbro, diabase and lamprophyres (camptovogesite, odinite and hornblende lamprophyres).

基性脉岩主要包括辉长岩、辉绿岩和煌斑岩(以斜闪煌斑岩为主，同时含部分拉辉煌斑岩和角闪煌斑岩)，都为富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融的产物。

The peak metamorphic minerals are garnet, omphacite,phengite and rutile with temperature of～500℃,pressure of～2.3Gpa.On the basis of geochemical analysis,the content of SiO2 in the eclogite ranges from 46.68%to 50.24%,Na2O+K2O 3.10～4.21%,and high REE with enriched LREE, LREE/HREE of 2.83～6.06.The REE pattern and trace element spidergram are similar with those of ocean island basalt,according with the blueschist from Longmucuo -Shuanghu suture zone.The protolith of the eclogite and blueschist are OIB,and they aremaybe the result of subduction of Permian OIB in central Qiangtang area.

对棉辉岩的地球化学分析显示，榴辉岩SiO_2含量在46.68—50.24%之间，Na_2O+K_2O含量在3.10—4.21%之间，稀土元素总量较高，轻稀土富集，重稀土相对亏损，LREE/HREE比值在2.83—6.06之间，稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线呈向右倾斜的样式，微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图OIB类似，这些特征和龙木错—双湖高压变质带的蓝片岩类似，它们的原岩为均为洋岛型玄武岩，形成环境类似于现在太平洋中的夏威夷，榴辉岩、蓝片岩很可能是羌塘中部地区出露的二叠纪洋岛型岩石俯冲消减的产物。

The initial Os and Nd isotopes of high-Ti/Y type picrites are consistent with those of magmatic rocks related to plume, indicating that they were derived from a mantle plume and experienced little contamination with a continental crust and SCLM, therefore, most probably representing Re-Os composition of a primary melt.

木里高Ti／Y型苦橄岩具有高的γOs值以及εNd_(t值，与全球地幔柱成因的岩浆岩石的初始Os同位素比值(γOs=+5～+10)一致，表明它们形成于地幔柱源区，而且它们几乎没有受到地壳或是陆下岩石圈地幔的混染。

Peridotite xenoliths from Nüshan, Hannuoba and the Subei basin of the North China block have much lower water contents than those from other localities of the world (South Africa craton, New Mexico, Colorado plateau and basin and Range province of USA, South Mexico, French Central Massif and West Kettle of Canada). This difference is probably induced by the thermal erosion of asthenosphere during Mesozoic-Cenozoic period in the North China block.

结合已经发表的安徽女山和河北汉诺坝的橄榄岩数据，对比世界上其他地区橄榄岩的数据来看，华北的岩石圈地幔具有低的水含量：华北橄榄岩的单斜辉石水含量多＜200×10^(-6)，而世界上其他地区（包括南非克拉通、美国新墨西哥地区、美国Colorado高原、美国盆岭省地区、墨西哥南部、法国中央地体以及加拿大West Kettle地区）橄榄岩的单斜辉石水含量多＞200×10^(-6)；华北的斜方辉石水含量多＜100×10^(-6)，而世界上其他地区多＞100×10^(-6)；华北的橄榄岩全岩水含量多＜50×10^(-6)，而世界上其他地区多＞100×10^(-6)。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。