地幔岩

Kubusunan granite is chracterized by low87Sr/86Sr initial values and high ε values, indicating its origin partly from mantle rocks. The number of microgranular dioritic enclaves is the direct evidence for crust-mantle magma mixing, thus showing that enclaves are the residual formed from the partly fusing of basic magma.

库布苏南花岗闪长岩体具有低锶初始比值I和正ε值，表明花岗岩的来源有地幔物质参与，而大量发育的暗色微粒闪长质包体是壳幔岩浆混合作用最直接的证据，微粒包体是基性源岩部分熔融作用形成的残余体。

The spinel-garnet lherzolites locate at the depth about 60 km, right in the transition from spinel lherzolite to garnet lherzolite.

上地幔则以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为主，在其接近莫霍面的42-45km处存在尖晶石辉石岩层，在55-65km之间则存在石榴子石辉石岩层，尖晶石-石榴子石二辉橄榄岩出现于60km处。

During the subduction and collision of Yangtze and Sino-Korean craton in Triassic period, they all subduced into mantle depth, due to the granite was relative poor in water and denser than sedimentary rocks, the kinetics rate of metamorphism of granite was much more slow than that of sedimentary and mafic volcanic rocks.

即在扬子板块与中朝板块三叠纪俯冲—碰撞过程中他们一起进入到地幔深度的超高压环境，但由于花岗片麻岩的原岩相对于副片麻岩的原岩明显贫水且结构致密，其中发生变质作用的动力学速度明显慢于沉积岩或基性火山岩中的动力学速度。

In Dabie orogenic belt, Mesozoic volcano-intrusive rocks can be divided into four series ,that is high-potasium calc-alkaline series~ shoshonite series~ alkaline series.

首次在北大别麻粒岩和镁铁质-超镁铁质岩中发现原生包裹体，并确定这些流体具有地幔流体特征。

Trachyte has as the same isotope feature as the basalts, indicating that they were derived from the same source, and resulted from products during different evolution phases of the same magma source, which is similar to that of the basalts in Emeishan.

该区粗面岩类与玄武岩的同位素特征类似，说明二者具有相同的源区，并可能代表了同源岩浆不同演化阶段的的产物，这与峨眉山地幔柱岩浆活动的玄武岩与粗面岩所具有的演化关系相同。

TiO_2, Na_2O, K_2O contents are very low in all kind of rocks, the eNd_ value is + 6.89,+ 8.09,+ 6.94 in gabbros, olivine gabbro and the pyroxene troctolite respectively, which indicate they source from in highly the depleted lithosphere mantle.

各种岩石的TiO_2、Na_2O、K_2O、大离子亲石元素和稀土元素丰度均很低，辉长岩、橄榄辉长岩和辉石橄长岩的eNd_(t值分别是+6.89、+8.09、+6.94，表明岩体源自亏损型岩石圈地幔源区。

Pb-Sr-Nd isotope tracing shows that the source of magma in the island-arc belt of Zhongdian area belongs to crust-mantle mixed type. The proportion of mantle material is 59.5% crust's is 40.5%. Similarly, for the Cenozoic alkaline-enriched porphyries, the source of magma is crust-mantle mixed type, but the proportion of mantle material is increased to 54.3%.

通过Pb-Sr-Nd同位素示踪，发现中甸地区岛弧带岩浆物质来源为壳幔混合型，印支期的地幔物质的比例m平均值为59.5％，地壳物质的为40.5％；剑川、北衙等地的新生代富碱斑岩的m值平均54.3％，也表现为壳幔混合型，但与印支期火山-侵入杂岩相比，其地壳物质的比例增高。

In order to better understand the influence of the mantle wedge relating to subducting, the peridotites from the southern Mariana fore arc is checked in this paper.

为了深入了解俯冲作用对弧下地幔楔橄榄岩的影响，本文对马里亚纳岛弧南部前缘的橄榄岩进行了岩石、矿物学和地球化学研究。

They are:①completed total 8 000 km long natural seismic profiles cross the northern boundary and central part of the plateau, identified several deep-cut lithospheric faults and low velocity and low density bodies under the central part of the plateau related to Cenozoic volcanic eruption, the Tarim block subducted beneath the Altun Mts;②found the evidence that the Altyn Tagh fault formed in 220～240 Ma and at least 400 km sinistral offset since, and determined quantitatively deformation in Cenozoic;③discovered 350 km long high-ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt in the south border of the Qilian terrane,which brobably represented the Early Paleozoic boundary between the North China and Yangtze plates;④according to new discoveries of caledonian ophiolite,granite are subducted complex established paleo-collision orogenic framework of northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau;⑤proposed a new model .

本文展示了中法1995～2000年青藏高原北部地学研究的如下主要新进展：①完成8 000 km长的青藏高原北部及中部天然地震岩石圈探测剖面，确定若干条岩石圈断裂，发现与新生代火山喷发有关的青藏高原中部深处的低速、低密度体，塔里木地块俯冲于阿尔金山之下；②提出阿尔金断裂形成于220～240 Ma和左行平移400 km的科学依据及确定其新生代变形量；③确定祁连南缘350 km长的高压-超高压变质带，提出其可能代表早古生代时期北中国板块与扬子板块之间西部界限的新认识；④根据加里东期蛇绿岩、花岗岩及俯冲杂岩带的新发现，初步建立了古碰撞造山格架；⑤提出高原隆升的&地幔底辟和内向陆内俯冲&的新假设。

High Os concentrations of picrites were discovered, which suggest that the Emeishan plume might be derived from core-mantle boundary.

对苦橄岩的铂族元素分析发现了高Os的苦橄岩，从而为峨眉山地幔柱起源于核－幔边界提供了重要的证据。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。