地层

Take the comprehensive test research on Pliocene hard clay of the multiple rotational landslides.

3对多级旋转滑坡的滑带地层上新世硬粘土进行综合试验研究。

The fault trends towards northwest, in which the hanging wall consists of Archean-Proterozoic metamorphic strata and Paleozoic plutonic intrusive body, and the footwall consists of Jurassic sediments, thrusting from northwest to southeast.

断层倾向北西，上盘由太古宙-元古宙变质地层和古生代深成侵入体构成，下盘为侏罗纪沉积，由北西向南东方向逆冲。

The result of factor analysis can provide the changes of relative precipitation and temperature variations. In trace elements, Cu, As, Zn, Pb and Ni were apparently enrichmented in soil layers and are sensitive to climatic changes. Carbon isotope is more sensitive to climatic changes than that of oxygen isotope in loess stratigraphy. The heavy mineral are varified in the loess stratigraphy, but their content differences between loess and palaeosol is little. Though the palynologic analyses results reveal that pollens and spores are fewer in the loess stratigraphy, they differ greatly in loess layer and palaeosol layer not only in species but also in types, i. e., the pollens and spores indicating warm and moist climate, such as Lles, Podocarpus, Polopydium, Pteris grerilliana Wall, Pterocarya and Juglans appear in palaeosol layers, while those indicating cold and dry climate such as Ephedra, Artemisia, Chinopodiaceae, Picea and Abies exist mainly in loess layers. The pollen content of broad-leaved tree mainly consisting of Pterocarya is up to 60% in palaeosol 〓, while the content of Ephedra is more than 50% in 〓 loess layer, showing that the environment differed greatly when 〓 and 〓 were formed.

当然，常量元素氧化物的组合因子分析结果可提供相对降水与相对温度在剖面的变化，因而来反映气候状况更为理想；微量元素中Cu、As、Zn、Pb与Ni在成土过程中富集明显，亦较好地反映了气候变化；稳定同位素中的碳同位素比氧同位素更能敏感记录气候的变化；研究区黄土地层中重矿物种类较多，但黄土层与古土壤层中含量差异不大；孢粉分析结果揭示，尽管研究区黄土层中孢粉总量相对较为贫乏，但黄土层与古土壤层中孢粉种属相差较大：在古土壤层内出现了指示相对暖湿环境的冬青属、罗汉松属、水龙骨属、林下凤尾蕨、枫杨、胡桃等植物孢粉，而黄土层中麻黄、藜科、蒿属及冷杉、云杉含量较高。

In order to resolve this problem, we bring forward a modified algorithm and apply it to pre-stack inversion of reservoir parameters (Poisson ratio, P-wave velocity and density).

本文在前人研究的基础上提出了改进的模拟退火算法，同时利用改进的算法反演了地层泊松比、纵波速度和密度。

Polyalcohol ; cloud point ; adsorption ; drilling fluid property ; formation damage prevention ; Tuha Oilfield

聚合醇；浊点；吸附；钻井液性能；防止地层损害；吐哈油田

Pore pressure is the pressure of the fluid in the formation.

孔隙压力是地层中液体的压力。

Clouds mainly concentrated over frontal and postfrontal areas in both types of anafronts.

两类锋面之云区均主要分布在锋上与锋后，唯暖型上滑锋锋前仍有些许云量，此应与锋前近地层南风分量带来较暖湿空气，且锋前有较大之低层辐合与较大之上升运动有关。

The optimizing fracturing design chiefly includes fractures parameter optimization of fracturing wells, the volume of pre-conditioning fluid and preflush, the optimization of pump parameter and program, the optimization of fracturing technology parameters (Optimizing various kinds of proppant, concentration, volume and program and the adding way to optimize the reasonable operation parameters so as to improve the fluid diversion in natural formation fractures and main fractures).

压裂优化设计主要包括压裂井裂缝参数优化；预处理液和前置液用量、泵注参数和程序的优化；压裂工艺参数优化(以提高地层天然裂缝和主裂缝导流能力为目标，优化各种支撑剂类型、浓度、用量和程序，以及加入方式等；优化合理的施工参数)。

It is necessary to predict the ground surface movements and their influence to adjacent utilities so that precautious measures can be taken to protect these utilities from tunneling.

研究城市隧道开挖引起的地层位移及对邻近设施的影响，对于保证已有设施的安全和正常使用具有重要意义。

It is composed of dual-packer, down hole pump, quartz pressure gauge, etc.

以DFT随钻地层测试器为例介绍了它的基本原理和技术应用情况。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失