地层

The Gamba basin of southern Tibet, is located in the east of Tethys tectonic region, whereexposes complete strata from late Cretaceous to Paleogene. The strata yield abundantfossils, and accurate biostratigraphic works have been done by previous studies.

西藏南部岗巴盆地位于位于特提斯构造域的东端，发育有完整的晚白垩世至古近纪地层，地层中化石丰富，前人根据化石研究准确地进行了地层时代的划分。

The great potentials for exploration of litho-stratigraphic reservoirs do not appear until new methods and technologies have been applied and in-depth understandings have been gained. In recent two or three years, big discoveries have been made in Jilin oilfield, in which 80 percent of reserves are found in some areas of thin sand-shale interbedding of its delta front. There still exist petroleum potentials amounting to 6×10^8 t for exploration in this area, especially in southern Songliao basin where the litho-stratigraphic traps will be more important domains and deserve extra attention. Hence, geologically speaking, this study on the hydrocarbon accumulation of litho-stratigraphic reservoirs in Songliao basin is of vital significance to exploration of the southern Songliao basin.

但通过新方法、新技术的应用和地质认识的不断深入，岩性－地层油气藏展现出了较大的勘探潜力，吉林油田近2-3年来的大发现和新增储量的80％是在有一定面积的三角洲前缘薄互层中获得的，在这个领域中仍有6×10^8t的石油资源有待勘探，特别是松辽盆地南部地层－岩性圈闭是未来油气勘探的重要领域，具有进一步解剖研究和勘探价值，因此，对松辽盆地岩性－地层油气藏成藏规律进行研究，对于松辽盆地南部勘探有着十分重要的意义。

Beijing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Beijing,China,100009Abstract The sedimentary characteristics and facies ofthe cultural layers in the late Paleolithic period of the late Late－Pleistocene in theWangfujing Oriental Plaza site were studied based on the comparison and analysis of thetypical sedimentation profile of the site and more than 150 stratigraphic data.The paleo－geomorphicsurfaces during the periods of 2.2×104a B.P.were rediscovered.The studysuggests that the ancients must have acted in the sandy islands of alluvial fans,whichwere evolved in relatively steady water flows during the interglacial stage with slightlywarming in the last glacial epoch.

沉积相与古地貌研究徐海鹏莫多闻岳升阳朱忠礼郁金城摘要：通过对遗址地层典型沉积剖面和遗址地区150余个地层资料的对比分析，揭示了北京王府井东方广场晚更新世晚期旧石器人类遗址地层的沉积特征与沉积相类型，从而恢复了距今2.2万年前人类在此生存活动的古地貌面。

Finally, selecting group classification data of fracture rock and gritstone stratum in the real grouting project, a part of them was used to train set of SVM, and others were used to check the classification effect.

最后，选取大理岩石和砂质板岩地层的部分灌浆实验数据样本建立灌浆地层的分类模型，用其他未训练的同分布的新数据进行地层识别验证。

This thesis has made a deep study on lacustrine sequence stratigraphy and its application to oil and gas exploration and development, based upon the latest theory of sequence stratigraphy, limnology and petroleum geology incorporated with sedimentology, geophysics, tectonics, geochemistry, paleontology, paleoecology, ichnology, paleogeomagnatics and mislaneous analytical means.

"济阳坳陷下第三系沙河街组油气层序地层学研究"以层序地层学、湖泊学和石油地质学的最新理论为指导，充分利用丰富的地震、测井、岩心、录井和油藏工程等资料，综合沉积学、地球物理学、构造学、地球化学、古生物学、古生态学、遗迹学、古地磁学及多种分析测试手段对湖泊层序地层学及其在油气勘探开发中的应用进行了深入探讨。

A reservoir may be formed where oil and gas is trapped by an impermeable overlying layer.

地层剖面中的岩层是现存的地层部分，而不整合则是缺失的地层部分。

In a word,it is very significant theoretically and practically to amalgamate the classic and high-resolution sequence stratigraphy organically to the lacustrine formation investigation.

理论研究与实践分析表明，在陆相地层研究中，将经典层序地层学与高分辨率层序地层学理论相结合，是提高理论研究的科学性与实际应用效率的有意义的方法。

The design and drilling methods include selecting a formation to be drilled, calculating a desired DOC and the strength of the formation, and calculating a height or thickness of a bearing element that may limit the DOC and the unit force applied to the formation.

设计和钻井方法包括选择待钻的地层、计算期望的DOC和地层强度和计算可限制DOC和施加到地层的单位力的支承元件的高度或厚度。

This paper analyzes log responses of tight formation s and tight gas reservoirs, correlates vertical formations in a same well and lateral formations in different wells and intra-formational response as well, uses graphic calibration method, analyzes the characteristics of logging curves of tight formation s from different perspectives, and thus determines gas potential of tight formation .

在对致密地层和致密气层测井响应特征进行分析的基础上，利用同井纵向对比观察、不同井横向对比观察、层内对比观察分析及图形刻度显示法，从不同角度分析了致密地层测井曲线的变化特征，进而确定了致密地层的含气性，取得了较好效果。

With Haynesville and another shale formation in Pennsylvania and southern and western New York , the Marcellus Shale,"we're talking about doubling the nation's gas reserves from two fields," he said.

Haynesville地层，对比宾夕法尼亚的另一个地层以及纽约西南的Marcellus地层，"是整个国家在这两个聚集地的天然气储藏量的两倍"他说。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！