地层

By analyzing the conditions and patterns of the regional oil and gas bearing formations with typical crosssections, we have established the patterns of sedimentary conditions for different reserviors.

为了解决上述问题，论文大力开展区域层序地层学研究，建立起全盆地层序和体系域的等时地层格架，揭示沉积体系的时空展布和演化特征，搞清大的地质背景。

It is a new cross-subject that combined modern seismic technology and sedimentology.

地震沉积学是继地震地层学和层序地层学之后出现的一门现代地震技术与沉积学相结合的新兴交叉学科。

Seismic sedimentology is a new discipline emerged after seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy.

地震沉积学是继地震地层学和层序地层学之后出现的一门新兴学科。

Using the method integrating geoscientific research with bit selection research, analysis is made on the stratigraphic-lithologic characteristics of all geological intervals in the area, the effect on bit selection and how to increase drilling speed is made clear. Based on the above, the conceptual profiled design for bit selection and drilling methods of all geological intervals is proposed on the basis of the stratigraphic-lithologic characteristics.

应用地学研究与钻头选型研究相结合的方法，对该地区各地质层段的地层产状与岩性特征进行了分析，获取了钻头选型对提高钻井速度影响的认知，提出了基于地层产状与岩性特征的各地质层段钻头选型及其钻井方式的轮廓化概念设计。

Usually the first sub-system for the watershed scientists, experts and hydrologists topography of the object of concern, where the physical environment, energy in the form of negative entropy flow into the system; the second sub-system for the hydraulic engineer with the rivers and landscape Jurists of the object of common concern, at the same time the ancient flood plain and river valley sludge for formation of Jurists and the concerns of sedimentologists; the third sub-systems related to geology and ocean engineering, and the alluvial fan, alluvial plain, delta morphology, internal structure and stratigraphy is characterized by geology and geomorphology of the issues of common concern, where the material flow in the form of energy output into the environment.

通常第一亚系统为流域科学家、地貌学家和水文学家所关心的对象，在这里环境中的物质、能量以负熵流的形式进入系统；第二亚系统为水力与河道整治工程师和地貌学家共同关心的对象，同时泛滥平原上的古河道及河谷淤积物又为地层学家和沉积学家所关注；第三亚系统关系到地质学和海洋工程，而冲积扇、冲积平原、三角洲的形态、内部结构和地层特点是地质学和地貌学共同关心的课题，在这里物质能量以流的形式输出到环境中去。

Lithology mixing in Genesis is unique. The different lithologies in a formation are handled as truly inter-bedded layers, while other 1D models just average the parameters to make up a new lithology for each formation

岩性的非均质： Genesis中岩性的混合是独特的，地层中不同的岩性处理为层状重叠，而其它的一维模拟中采用的是参数的平均值，为每个地层构建新的岩性

When in the sedimentary formation these living thing chemical energy material, arrives between the earth's crust and the mantle rock magma region, because receives the high temperature high pressure the function, can the instantaneous aggravating internal heat response degree, also because these biological energy material stratum distributes non-uniform, thus has further created the partial region superheat, then intensified the profile conduction and the instantaneous paroxysm, finally intensified earth's surface and so on the earthquake volcano as well as plate movement terrain changes.

当沉积地层内的这些生物化学能物质，到达地壳与地幔之间的岩浆区域，由于受到高温高压的作用，就会瞬间加剧内热反应的程度，又由于这些生物能物质的地层分布不均匀，从而进一步造成了局部区域的过热，进而加剧了波形传导和瞬间爆发性，最终加剧了地震火山以及板块运动等地球表面的地形变化。

This thesis has systematically dealt with the glacial, lake and climatic fluctuations in the areas mentioned above throughout the late stadial of the Last Glaciation, based on synthetical records of glacial development at the high mountains, lacustrine stratigraphy and lake evolution in both the high plateau basins and the lower altitude interior ones, periglacial phenomena and palaeosols as well as microfossils in deposits.

本文则根据大量野外实地考察与室内分析资料，从高原高山区的冰川发育与演化，高原和盆地区的湖相沉积地层、湖泊演变历史和地层中冰缘现象、古土壤的发育状况以及微体古生物等方面的综合记录分析，对青藏高原北部与天山地区以及内陆干旱盆地在末次冰期晚阶段中的冰川、湖泊与气候环境演变状况作了较为系统的探讨。

Taking Jiyang Depression as the study object, many kinds of disciplines were applied synthetically in this thesis, such as, stratigraphy, structural geology, sedimentology, historical geology, geophysics, etc. On the basis of the reconstruction of the denuded thickness and the original thickness, and the study of the developing characteristics of the basin-controlled faults, combined with the study of space-time distribution of the sedimentary facies and the analysis of basin - transfer mechanism and the geodynamics, the prototype basins of each structural stage in Mesozoic were studied and analyzed in detail, moreover, the superimposed relationship of the Mesozoic basin and Cenozoic basin was discussed.

本论文选择济阳坳陷作为研究对象，开展地层学、构造地质学、沉积学、地史学以及地球物理学等多学科综合研究，以地层剥蚀厚度、原始厚度的恢复以及控盆断层发育演化特征的研究为切入点，辅以沉积相的时空展布研究，并结合盆地转型机制、地球动力学背景分析，对济阳坳陷中生代各构造期的盆地原型进行详细解剖和分析，探讨其与新生代盆地的叠合关系。

The main factor that affects the resolution of seismic prospecting is Earth's absorption and attenuation effect on high frequency signals. Study and calculation of Earth's absorption and attenuation effect show that medium deep and deep reflectors over 135 Hz can not be recorded even by 24-bit seismometers.

地震勘探分辨率不高的主要原因是地层对地震波高频成分的吸收衰减，通过对地层吸收衰减深入的理论计算可知，既便使用 2 4位遥测地震仪，在中深层勘探中也无法记录主频超过 13 5Hz的地震波。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失