地层

Recently, a nearly E-W-striking, over 10 km long albitite zone has been recognized for the first time in the Lower Silurian Meiziya Formation in a Lower Paleozoic lead-zinc ore deposit concentration area of the Xunyang basin, South Qinling. It shows a conformable contact and gradational relationships with the country rocks and has thick-bedded and massive, banded, brecciated structures and fine and very fine equigranular and intraclastic textures. It is chemically characterized by enrichment in SiO2, Al2O3 and Na2O and is rich in the trace elements Fe and Mn and poor in the trace elements Co, Ni and Cu. Its ∑REE, LREE and HREE are lower than those of the country rocks and exhibit pronounced Eu depletion.

最近，在南秦岭旬阳盆地下古生界铅锌矿集区内的志留系梅子垭组地层中首次识别出一条近东西方向延伸长达10余千米的钠长石沉积岩带，与地层整合产出，渐变过渡，厚层块状，条带状，角砾状构造，均粒微-细晶结构，内碎屑结构；其化学成分以富含SiO2，Al2O3及Na2O为特征，富Fe，Mn，贫Co，Ni，Cu等微量元素；该钠长石岩的∑REE，LREE，HREE均较围岩偏低，具明显Eu亏损的特征。

The formation water salinity, pH value and geothermal gradient near the belt are abnormal due to mixing process according to this study. The interaction between the fluids arid the rocks assumes the process of albitization in plagioclase.

泊尔江海子断裂附近地层水矿化度pH值及地温梯度等出现异常，研究认为，造成断裂带地层水异常是由于混合作用，断裂带以外主要的流体－岩石相互反应是斜长石的钠长石化过程。

This article sums up a series of slotted screen design methods,including the corrosion resistance design and antiscale design,and defines slotted screen parameters according to their structure and working conditions,such as slotted width and length,slotted density and type and form, slotted screen strength and material,etc.

针对油井防砂完井优配割缝筛管的需要，从理论研究和应用实践中，总结出一套割缝筛管的设计方法，其中包括割缝筛管的防腐设计；割缝筛管的防垢设计；基于形成砂桥来控制地层砂的设计原则和基于完全阻止地层砂移动的设计原则来进行割缝筛管的缝宽设计；割缝筛管的面密度的设计(包括裸眼井用割缝筛管)；割缝筛管的缝长设计。

According to authigenetic mineral association and nowadays stratum geochemistry character, combining the diagenesis character of sandstone in coal measure strata, it is thought to the fluid of outcrop sandstones went through ealy acidity- acidity-alkality-surficial acidity 4 fluid phases, the fluid evolution of core sandstones is ealy acidity- acidity- nowadays alkality 3 fluid phases.

由自生矿物组合以及现今地层水地球化学特征，结合煤系地层砂岩成岩作用特征，认为露头砂岩的流体经历了早期酸性－酸性－碱性－地表酸性4个流体阶段，岩芯砂岩的流体演化为早期酸性－酸性－现今碱性3个流体阶段。

Cross-dipole Acoustic Logging is the best measurement of the formation wave-slowness,amplitude and attenuation coefficient of the compressional,shear and Stoneley wave types that may occur in array acoustic waveform data.Further more,it has special superiority in the evaluation of shear-wave azimuthally anisotropy.

0引言在柴达木盆地交叉偶极子声波测井主要有以下方面的用途：纵横波、斯通利波的提取，地层各向异性分析和斯通利波渗透性分析，并且可以根据地层岩石动态力学参数的计算方法进行储层动态力学参数的计算和估计，指导工程施工。

During early middle Jurassic period, Quemocuo formation in NQB was offshore lake deposition with marine feature, in SQB was shelf deposition, which indicted that an intense rifting and sea level rising with more large range, and consequently, eroding area was shrunk and deposition area was expanded.4. According to the result of stratigraphic surface features, division and correlation, and the paleographic characteristic, Qiangtang Basin during late Triassic -early middle Jurassic period could be divided into two basin developing stages with difficult tectonic nature, remnent epicontinental basin stage in Carian -early Norian of late Triassic and rifting basin stage in middle Norian of late Triassic - early middle Jurassic period respectively.

雀莫错组在羌北盆地为近海湖泊沉积，更具海相色彩：南羌塘主要为外陆棚沉积，反映羌塘盆地再次发生较强烈的裂陷作用和较大幅度的海平面上升，形成陆源剥蚀区缩小，沉积覆盖面增大的古地理面貌。4、根据地层界面特征、地层划分与对比结果和岩相古地理演化特征可将晚三叠世—中侏罗世早期羌塘盆地划分为两个不同构造性质的盆地发展时期，分别为晚三叠世卡尼期—若利早期的残留内陆表海沉积盆地发展与消亡时期和晚三叠世若利期中晚期—中侏罗世早期的裂陷盆地的形成与发展时期。

But in many reinforcement projects, some unfavourable geological are encountered frequently, such as colluvial soil, residual soil, slope wash, etc., which result in collapse of borehole and clip of bore rod during drilling of borehole that will bring considerable difficulties to construction and many incipient faults for construction quality.

但是，锚固工程常遇到各类不良地层（例如塌积、残积、坡积和崩积层等碎石土地层），在锚固施工的钻孔中由于严重的塌孔、卡钻，给施工带来很大困难，同时也给锚固工程质量带来隐患。

This rapid continuous inversion method utilize well logging curves to delaminate formation,and integrate auto-delaminate and human-computer interaction delamination to provide reliable initial model for iteration inversion calculation,and in the same time apply resistivity comparison and gamma as the constraint condition to reprocess the data from the inversion, all these improve the precision of this inversion and get the logical resistivity curves of both filter layer and impervious bed.

快速连续反演方法利用测井曲线划分地层，进行自动分层与人机交互分层相结合的方法，为迭代反演计算提供出可靠的初始模型，同时应用电阻率比值、自然伽玛作为约束条件对反演得到的数据进行约束后处理，提高反演的精度，得到合理的渗透层和非渗透层的电阻率曲线，并在理论地层模型和实际测井模型中均进行了测试。

Sonar survey has a very high resolution and signal emission frequency, so it can be used to obtain high-quality shallow profile and the textural and structural details of sedimentary strata and indicators of deltaic deposits such as oblique bedding.

声波探测具有很高的分辨率和信号发射频度，可以获得高品质浅地层剖面，显示出沉积地层的结构与构造细节、斜层理等三角洲沉积标志特徵。

According to the analysis result,the condition of the Chengbei Sea ground settlement were summarized:1 The stratum of the study area above 30m is Quaternary Holocene deltaic deposit and neritic facies deposit,and the geologic structure is silty soil,muddy-silty clay,silty clay and silt.

根据分析结果，对埕北海域的地面沉降情况进行了总结：1研究区埋深30m以浅地层为第四纪全新世三角洲沉积和浅海相沉积地层，其结构是粉土、淤泥质粉质粘土、粉质粘土和粉砂。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失