地壳变形

During the peak stage of the deformation under high stress environment, mass medium fracture and sticky slip will appear in cracks, and they are represented as solid tides anomalies in the records of clinometer.

大地震在主破裂前往往行成地壳变形，高应力作用下进入峰值后的变形阶段，常有大量介质破裂及裂隙间的粘滑产生，反映到地倾斜记录仪上，表现为固体潮形变异常。

Is the short crack structure may explain certain landform growth origin question in the short crack structure aspect's significance; The short crack structure causes the epeirogenesis causes the earth's crust material to be destructed this to contain the ore solution to provide the good migration channel and stores the place and so on five aspects.

在短裂构造方面的意义是短裂构造可以解释某些地貌发育的成因问题；短裂构造引起的地壳变形，使地壳物质遭到破坏，这就为含矿溶液提供了良好的迁移通道和贮存场所等五个方面。

The research results imply that the regional tectonic stress field has resulted in deformation and flow of upper mantle material with clockwise rotation,and make the alignment of upper mantle peridotite lattice parallel to the direction of material deformation. The deformation of the crust and upper mantle is possibly vertically coherent deformation.

研究表明青藏高原东北缘上地幔物质在区域构造应力场的作用下，发生了顺时针旋转的形变以至流动，使得上地幔中橄榄岩的晶格排列方向平行于物质形变或流动方向，上地幔变形和上覆地壳变形可能存在垂直连贯变形特征。

On the background of collision between India plate and Eurasia plate and uplifting of Tibet, the viscosity lower crustal flow induced crust thicken extensively, and driven upper middleup crust break into some big and small subblocks. The continental deformation features in SYR, including remotion of rigid subblock through the movement of huge slip faults and extensive crustal thickening, are not fit "Crustal thickening" mode or "Continental extrusion" mode.

川滇地区的大陆变形特征既存在广泛的地壳增厚现象，同时在下地壳塑性流动的驱动下，中、上地壳破碎成大小不一的块体，变形特征表现出整体刚性，因而不能简单地套用"地壳增厚"或"大陆逃逸"模式。

Of the five stages deformation, the exact ages of the (2) and (3) were determined by 40Ar/39Ar method as 290 and 259 Ma respectively.2. New results on the metamorphic belts and associated metamorphism of the Xiaopu metamorphic rocksBased on detailed microtextural observations and occurrence of typical metamorphic minerals, five metamorphic belts in the Xiaopu metamorphic rocks are identified. From the north to the south, they are biotite belt, garnet belt, staurolite belt, andalusite belt, and sillimanite belt. I suggested that the metamorphic belts occurred in the Xiaopu area belongs to the high temperature/low pressure series, may have resulted from the later Permian crust extension at ca. 290 Ma.3. I suggest that there may have been a Carboniferous backarc basin along the southern slope of the Harlik Mountain.Detrital Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating indicated that the sedimentary age of the Julideneng formation lithic sandstone must be later than late Devonian, most likely is Carboniferous rather than previously thought Precambrian. Analyses on its geologic setting, location of provenance, and sedimentary environment suggest the Carboniferous strata may form in a lagged backarc basin bounded by backarc uplifts.5. Reconstruction of the post-Paleozoic tectonic evolution history of the Harlik MountainThe tectonic evolution of Harlik mountains since the Paleozoic were reconstructed as followings:(1) arc-affinity magmative activities occurred during the middle-Ordovician to early-Silurian;(2) the middle-Silurian to late-Devonian was a back-arc uplift stage;(3) back-arc extension featured the Carboniferous period;(4) post-collisional extension and/then compression during Permian;(5) at the Mesozoic, differential uplift developed; and (6) the late Cenozoic is the intra-continental re-orogen stage.6. Primary estimation of the crust shortening is madeThe folded pre-Mesozoic strata were used to estimate crust shortening along the Harliknanshankou-Koumenzi, Shichengzi-Baishitou, and Qincheng-Xiaopu sections. Their shortening ratios are 16.2%, 19.8%, and 20.1% respectively corresponding crust shortening are 4.3, 9, and 11.3 km.

根据Ar-Ar热年代学研究，精确测定了早二叠世伸展变形和晚二叠世挤压变形的峰期时代分别为290Ma和259Ma.2、提出了关于哈尔里克山南麓小铺一带变质带和变质作用的新认识根据显微观察资料和特征变质矿物的出现，把小铺一带的变质岩由SW向NE方向依次划分为黑云母带、石榴石带、十字石带、红柱石带和矽线石带等变质带；初步确定该区的变质作用属于中温-低压型，变质作用发生的时代为290Ma左右，是该区早二叠世地壳伸展的产物。3、首次提出哈尔里克山南麓在石炭纪可能发育弧后盆地的新观点根据哈尔里克山南麓原"居里得能组"岩屑砂岩的碎屑锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年，确认这套地层的沉积不早于晚泥盆世，很可能是石炭纪，而不是前人所说的前寒武纪；结合对其区域地质背景、源区位置和沉积环境分析，推测该区石炭纪可能为滞后弧后盆地和弧后隆起区构造背景。4、进一步证明哈尔里克山不发育与岛弧演化相关的泥盆纪岩浆活动根据对代表性闪长岩和花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP年代学研究获得的新资料，结合该区已有相关资料的综合研究，确定哈尔里克山岩浆岩分别形成于奥陶纪-志留纪和石炭纪晚期-二叠纪，不存在泥盆纪的岩浆岩，进而认为该区泥盆纪不属于岛弧环境。5、重建了哈尔里克山古生代以来的地质演化过程根据区域资料以及本次研究所获得的资料，把哈尔里克山古生代以来的构造演化划分中奥陶世-早志留世为岛弧、中志留世-晚泥盆世为弧后区、石炭纪弧后伸展、二叠纪为后碰撞伸展与挤压、中生代差异隆升和晚新生代陆内再造山过程等构造阶段。6、初步估算了哈尔里克山地壳缩短率和缩短量根据前中生代地层褶皱估算的哈尔里克山南山口-口门子、石城子-白石头和沁城-小铺三条剖面的地壳缩短率分别为16.2%、19.8%和20.1%，相应的地壳缩短量分别为4.3km、9km和11.3km。

In this model, a parameterized method has been employed to decrease or eliminate vertical deflection and vertical refraction errors.4 For the long baselines of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, using the GPS satellites orbits and stations positioning analysis software GAMIT opened up by MIT to do the single day GPS observation data processing, a synthetic solution model, which is called "the synthetic solution model of baseline vectors", has been built up with several single day baseline vectors calculated by the GAMIT software, to compute the three dimension movement velocities of sites.

对于长基线的GPS地壳变形监测网，采用MIT开发研制的精密GPS定轨定位软件GAMIT进行单天GPS观测数据的处理，提出了利用多期单天的GAMIT解算出的基线向量进行综合解算的模型："基线向量综合解算模型"，用以计算地壳监测站点的漂移速度，并通过实例验证了该计算模型的正确性和可靠性。

These data will help to know little about the current seismic and volcanic eruptions before the process of crustal deformation.

这些数据将有助于说明目前知之甚少的地震和火山爆发前的地壳变形过程。

Partial melting is not only an essential way to form granulitic lower crust, but also plays an important role on crustal deformation, reconstitution and adjustment of crustal textures.

部分熔融是形成喜马拉雅中下地壳麻粒岩的一种重要方式，并且在喜马拉雅造山带地壳变形、物质分异和调整过程中起着重要作用。

It is proposed that clear definition and discrimination of some relevant concepts and relationships on sea level and sea level change, eustasy and relative sea level, high frequency sea level and composite sea level, sea level rising falling, sea level fluctuation and sea level oscillation, sea level change and transgressive ...

对利用沉积记录来研究海平面变化的重视程度很高，但对海平面变化对沉积盆地的影响注意甚少。建议关注海平面升降变化对盆地充填物的作用，对沉积型矿床的控制和对大陆边缘地壳变形的反弹作用过程的研究及定量模拟是一个重要方向，它可能为大陆边缘动力学研究提供一方面的思路。

Of the five stages deformation, the exact ages of the (2) and (3) were determined by 40Ar/39Ar method as 290 and 259 Ma respectively.2. New results on the metamorphic belts and associated metamorphism of the Xiaopu metamorphic rocksBased on detailed microtextural observations and occurrence of typical metamorphic minerals, five metamorphic belts in the Xiaopu metamorphic rocks are identified. From the north to the south, they are biotite belt, garnet belt, staurolite belt, andalusite belt, and sillimanite belt. I suggested that the metamorphic belts occurred in the Xiaopu area belongs to the high temperature/low pressure series, may have resulted from the later Permian crust extension at ca. 290 Ma.3. I suggest that there may have been a Carboniferous backarc basin along the southern slope of the Harlik Mountain.Detrital Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating indicated that the sedimentary age of the Julideneng formation lithic sandstone must be later than late Devonian, most likely is Carboniferous rather than previously thought Precambrian. Analyses on its geologic setting, location of provenance, and sedimentary environment suggest the Carboniferous strata may form in a lagged backarc basin bounded by backarc uplifts.5. Reconstruction of the post-Paleozoic tectonic evolution history of the Harlik MountainThe tectonic evolution of Harlik mountains since the Paleozoic were reconstructed as followings:(1) arc-affinity magmative activities occurred during the middle-Ordovician to early-Silurian;(2) the middle-Silurian to late-Devonian was a back-arc uplift stage;(3) back-arc extension featured the Carboniferous period;(4) post-collisional extension and/then compression during Permian;(5) at the Mesozoic, differential uplift developed; and (6) the late Cenozoic is the intra-continental re-orogen stage.6. Primary estimation of the crust shortening is madeThe folded pre-Mesozoic strata were used to estimate crust shortening along the Harliknanshankou-Koumenzi, Shichengzi-Baishitou, and Qincheng-Xiaopu sections. Their shortening ratios are 16.2%, 19.8%, and 20.1% respectively corresponding crust shortening are 4.3, 9, and 11.3 km.

根据Ar-Ar热年代学研究，精确测定了早二叠世伸展变形和晚二叠世挤压变形的峰期时代分别为290Ma和259Ma.2、提出了关于哈尔里克山南麓小铺一带变质带和变质作用的新认识根据显微观察资料和特征变质矿物的出现，把小铺一带的变质岩由SW向NE方向依次划分为黑云母带、石榴石带、十字石带、红柱石带和矽线石带等变质带；初步确定该区的变质作用属于中温-低压型，变质作用发生的时代为290Ma左右，是该区早二叠世地壳伸展的产物。3、首次提出哈尔里克山南麓在石炭纪可能发育弧后盆地的新观点根据哈尔里克山南麓原&居里得能组&岩屑砂岩的碎屑锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年，确认这套地层的沉积不早于晚泥盆世，很可能是石炭纪，而不是前人所说的前寒武纪；结合对其区域地质背景、源区位置和沉积环境分析，推测该区石炭纪可能为滞后弧后盆地和弧后隆起区构造背景。4、进一步证明哈尔里克山不发育与岛弧演化相关的泥盆纪岩浆活动根据对代表性闪长岩和花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP年代学研究获得的新资料，结合该区已有相关资料的综合研究，确定哈尔里克山岩浆岩分别形成于奥陶纪-志留纪和石炭纪晚期-二叠纪，不存在泥盆纪的岩浆岩，进而认为该区泥盆纪不属于岛弧环境。5、重建了哈尔里克山古生代以来的地质演化过程根据区域资料以及本次研究所获得的资料，把哈尔里克山古生代以来的构造演化划分中奥陶世-早志留世为岛弧、中志留世-晚泥盆世为弧后区、石炭纪弧后伸展、二叠纪为后碰撞伸展与挤压、中生代差异隆升和晚新生代陆内再造山过程等构造阶段。6、初步估算了哈尔里克山地壳缩短率和缩短量根据前中生代地层褶皱估算的哈尔里克山南山口-口门子、石城子-白石头和沁城-小铺三条剖面的地壳缩短率分别为16.2%、19.8%和20.1%，相应的地壳缩短量分别为4.3km、9km和11.3km。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。