地基

To saturated and soft loess foundation , the poprote ratio and deformation is big, the compressibility is high, the strength is low, the time before it steady is long.

本文针对西安地区的工程地质问题，重点论述了湿陷性黄土地基和饱和软黄土地基的特性及地基处理方法。

At the same time, the large-scale shaking table test techniques of saturated sand ground were discussed, such as the design and preparation of saturated sand model ground, the arrangement of sensors and the test load program, which could be used as common reference to the same kind tests as well as necessary technical experience for subsequent shaking table tests on stone columns composite foundation in future.

同时，探索了饱和砂土地基液化大型振动台模型试验技术，如饱和砂土模型地基设计与制备、传感器布置、试验加载方案确定等，为今后开展此类试验提供一般的研究思路，并且为后续碎石桩复合地基振动台试验提供了必要的技术经验。

The analytical solution of the beam response was obtained by applying the Fourier integral transformation and the residue theorem, followed by a comprehensive parametric study to investigate the effects of the subsoil depth, the material stiffness and the load speed on the beam response.

运用Fourier积分变换和留数定理对动力控制方程进行求解，得到了平面应变条件下覆盖于基岩的均质弹性层和非均质弹性层地基上梁的动力响应解析解，并进一步分析了荷载运动速度、地基厚度及地基非均质性等对梁变形的影响规律。

Firstly, the GPS data in Naqu, Gaize, Deqn, Tengchong, Mengzi and Simao are processed, the change of remote sensing water vapor using six ground GPS receivers in Tibet Plateau and Yunan province are analyzed, the results based on GPS with those based on the radiosonde data are compared, and the relationships between the amount of atmospheric water vapor and the ground vapor pressure, ground temperature and precipitation are studied. It shows that the annual amount of atmospheric water vapor is about 0.2~2.0cm over Tibet Plateau and 0.5~4.5cm in Yunan province.

首先通过解算青藏高原那曲、改则和德钦以及云南腾冲、蒙自和思茅共6个站的地基GPS大气水汽探测资料，获得了这些站的大气总水汽量；分析了这些站的大气总水汽量的变化特征；通过比较那曲、腾冲、蒙自和思茅地基GPS遥感与探空结果，分析了地基GPS遥感结果的精度；同时还分析了大气总水汽量与地面气象要素之间的关系。

Based on the summarization of the bearing capacity research at home and abroad, the paper discusses the conditions applicable for using bearing capacity formula and groundwork foundation engineering and the sampling of groundsill soil intensity parameter in present world of foundation soil engineering.

本文在综述国内外关于承载力的研究工作后，对目前地基基础工程界在设计中运用地基承载力公式应注意的适用条件及地基土强度参数收值这类关键问题进行了探讨。

Based on wave propagating in three directions of elastic foundation, vibrating displacement could be assumed to be in three forms along three directions. Hooke's law and theory of waves were adopted to deduce the formula of coupled viscous boundary. The coupled viscous boundary could be applied in finite element method.

根据波在地基的3个方向都可以进行传播的特点，假定了地基中质点沿3个方向的振动表达式，通过胡克定律和波动理论，推导了弹性地基中三维动力问题的耦合粘性边界的公式。

The results of lattice beam internal force calculated method based on double parameter groundsill model are more approach the experiment measured values because of consideration of the pass of shearing force in soil, and its calculated workloads are similar with the method of winkler elastic foundation. Besides, the thesis also discusses the moment of torque affected results on node stress situation and the correction of stress value at the bottom of cross node of lattice beam. Due to the repeat calculation of node area during internal force calculation, the stress value of the bottom of beam is lower, this may lead the calculated value unsafe, but the corrected stress value will more approach to practical situation.

对格构梁的内力计算提出基于双参数地基模型的格构梁内力计算方法，其计算结果表明，双参数地基模型上的格构梁内力由于考虑土中剪力的传递更加接近于试验实测值，其计算工作量与winkler弹性地基梁法相当，此外，文中还探讨了扭矩作用对格构梁节点受力情况的影响结果以及格构梁交叉节点底部的应力值的修正，由于内力计算过程中节点处的面积被重复计算，使得梁底应力偏小，可能导致计算结果的偏于不安全，修正后的应力值更接近于实际情况。

In combination with the crushed rock slope as an example, the allocation of an anchorage force on longitudinal beams and transverse beams is calculated by adopting the distribution coefficient law of the nodal form at first. Then the internal forces of the lattice beam are calculated respectively through the software on the basis of Winkler elastic foundation model and the semi-infinite foundation model, and then compared with the internal forces which are based on simplified foundation pressure calculation. The active pressure of rock is calculated approximately by Ranking soil pressure theory in the working stage. Sequentially, the reinforcing bars are disposed by two-stage's averagely calculated values.

以破碎岩质边坡为例，采用节点荷载分配法计算了锚索锚固力在格构梁纵、横梁之间的分配比率，然后基于Winkler弹性地基模型和弹性半空间地基模型分别计算格构梁在张拉阶段的内力，并与采用简化的地基反力计算值对比；采用朗肯土压力理论近似计算在工作阶段主动岩体压力，将地梁视为在线性分布力作用下倒置于坡面上的连续梁，按力矩分配法计算地梁内力，取两阶段计算平均值进行配筋。

After using the technique, the bearing capacity of the foundation was improved, the foundation liquation was eliminated obviously, and the settlement quantity and un uniformity settlement value were reduced.

在锦屏水电站3#营地基础加固中，应用振冲碎石桩法加固深厚粉细砂层地基，有效提高地基承载力，明显消除了地基土的可液化性，减少基础沉降量和不均匀沉降，满足修建多层建筑的设计要求。

According to the characteristics of collapsible loess ground and the practice of multistoried engineering,the designing and testing of earth pile composite ground is introduced and the advantages of earth pile in treating thicker collapsible loess ground in multistoried engineering is proved.

针对湿陷性黄土地基的特点，结合多层建筑的工程实际情况，介绍了土挤密桩复合地基的设计和检测工作，阐述了土挤密桩在多层建筑中处理厚度较大的湿陷性黄土地基的优势。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。