地名的

On the whole, however, the departmental names are probably less frequently used in everyday speech than the provincial names dating from before the French Revolu-tion (Orleanais, Bretagne, Touraine, etc.) or than the noms de pays (Beauce, Woevre, Argonne, etc.) The provincial and regional names, though officially ob-solete and without governmental recognition, are living territorial designations of the different parts of France; and, despite more than 130 years of organization by departements, the latter are still generally regarded as artificial, To change our comparison from ecology to paleography, we might liken the territorial nomencla-ture of France to a palimpsest, in which the older names stand out distinctly beneath the superimposed layers of later administrative nomenclatures.

整体而言，但是，部门的名字可能不经常使用的约会比从省地名日常讲话前的法国革命化，重刑（奥尔良省，布列塔尼，海纳等）或大于名词的餐酒（柏斯，Woevre，阿贡等），省和地区的名字，但正式肥胖，solete，没有政府的承认，是生活在法国的不同部分领土的名称，而且，尽管130余年的组织由各省，后者仍普遍认为如人工，要改变我们的生态环境相比，古文书学，我们可以将它比喻成领土nomencla的法国ture的重写本，其中突出的老名字后来下的行政术语的叠加层明显。

The presence of guttural sounds, diacritic aspirations, epenthetic and servile letters in both languages: their antiquity, both having been taught on the plain of Shinar 242 years after the deluge in the seminary instituted by Fenius Farsaigh, descendant of Noah, progenitor of Israel, and ascendant of Heber and Heremon, progenitors of Ireland: their archaeological, genealogical, hagiographical, exegetical, homiletic, toponomastic, historical and religious literatures comprising the works of rabbis and culdees, Torah, Talmud, Massor, Pentateuch, Book of the Dun Cow, Book of Ballymote, Garland of Howth, Book of Kells: their dispersal, persecution, survival and revival: the isolation of their synagogical and ecclesiastical rites in ghetto S.

218两种语言都有喉音、区分的气音、增音以及附属性的字母。两种都是古老的语言，大洪水后二四二年，费尼乌斯。法赛在西纳尔平原所创办的学院就开了这两种语言的课程。他是以色列民族的祖先挪亚的后裔；又是爱尔兰民族的祖先埃贝尔与赫里蒙的始祖。用这两种语言写成的考古学的、系谱学的、圣徒传记学的、注释学的、布道术的、地名研究的、历史的以及宗教方面的著作，其中包括犹太法学博士和神仆团团员的著述：托拉、《塔木德》、马所拉本、《五经》、《牛皮书》、《巴利莫特书》、《霍斯饰本》、《凯尔斯书》，记述这两个民族的离散：，受迫害，幸存，复兴。

The provincial and regional names, though officially ob-solete and without governmental recognition, are living territorial designations of the different parts of France; and, despite more than 130 years of organization by departements, the latter are still generally regarded as artificial, To change our comparison from ecology to paleography, we might liken the territorial nomencla-ture of France to a palimpsest, in which the older names stand out distinctly beneath the superimposed layers of later administrative nomenclatures.

整体而言，但是，部门的名字可能不经常使用的约会比从省地名日常讲话前的法国革命化，重刑（奥尔良省，布列塔尼，海纳等）或大于名词的餐酒（柏斯，Woevre，阿贡等），省和地区的名字，但正式肥胖，solete，没有政府的承认，是生活在法国的不同部分领土的名称，而且，尽管130余年的组织由各省，后者仍普遍认为如人工，要改变我们的生态环境相比，古文书学，我们可以将它比喻成领土nomencla的法国ture的重写本，其中突出的老名字后来下的行政术语的叠加层明显。

As you enjoy the fresh Pacific seafood you can admire the bright red paint of the Golden Gate Brige in the harbor and watch the traffic crossing beneath the tall towers on its way to the pretty village of Tiberon.

你享受新鲜的太平洋海鲜的同时可以观赏伫立在港口的鲜红颜色的金门大桥，还可以观赏到高塔下面通往美丽特博龙（ Tiberon 这个村庄对于多数的中国读者来说不是很熟悉，可以保留原来的英文名，以免用了自己的音译之后别人找不到对应的英文地名。

That calm profile under the little three-cornered hat of the school of Brienne, that green uniform, the white revers concealing the star of the Legion of Honor, his great coat hiding his epaulets, the corner of red ribbon peeping from beneath his vest, his leather trousers, the white horse with the saddle-cloth of purple velvet bearing on the corners crowned N's and eagles, Hessian boots over silk stockings, silver spurs, the sword of Marengo,--that whole figure of the last of the Caesars is present to all imaginations, saluted with acclamations by some, severely regarded by others.

布里埃纳①军校的小帽下那种镇静的侧面像，那身绿色的军服，遮着勋章的白翻领，遮着肩章的灰色外衣，坎肩下的一角红丝带，皮短裤，骑匹白马，马背上覆着紫绒，紫绒角上有几个上冠皇冕的N和鹰，丝袜，长统马靴，银刺马距，马伦哥剑，在每个人的想象中都有着这副最后一个恺撒的尊容，有些人见了欢欣鼓舞，有些人见了侧目而视。①布里埃纳，地名，拿破仑在该地军校毕业。

Chapter four analyzes Fu Donghua"s creative rewritings in his translation of Gonewith the Wind, such as translating the title into "Piao"; translating the persons" namesand geographical names into the ones in Chinese style; lots of abridgements andadditions. The author tries to show that Fus creative rwritings come from his intrinsicfactors and also from the socio-cultural constraints including the ideology, poetics andpatronage in the war time.

第四章分析了傅东华对《飘》进行的创造性改写，包括将题目翻译为《飘》，人名和地名中国化，大量的删节等，来说明这些创造性改写有来自傅东华本身的翻译原则的制约，主要的则来自当时战争时期的社会文化因素，包括当时的意识形态，诗学以及赞助人的制约。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。