地下隧道

Under the construction conditions of different shield driving forces and without in-phase grouting, mutual influences of construction of shield tunnels traversing adjacently under existing underground large-scale structures were studied with the numerical simulation and 3D model tests.

建立了盾构掘进三维有限元模型，针对不同的盾构推进力和同步注浆未及时起到支撑作用的施工工况，采用数值模拟和室内相似模型试验方法进行了盾构隧道近接下穿地下大型结构施工的影响研究。

A mountain range bristling with antennas harbors a maze of bombproof underground arsenals and shelters served by a tunnel 4km long.

天线林立的山脉中，隐藏着如迷宫般不怕炮击的地下军火库，以及有4公里长的隧道与外界连接的防空洞。

Stand an end A mountain range bristling with antennas harbors a maze of bombproof underground arsenals and shelters served by a tunnel 4km long.

天线林立的山脉中，隐藏着如迷宫般不怕炮击的地下军火库，以及有 4 公里长的隧道与外界连接的防空洞。

The Khami National Monument in Zimbabwe is imperiled by aardvarks, little animals whose underground tunnels are undermining the foundations of the ancient city.

津巴布韦的Khami国家遗迹正处于土豚的威胁之中，这种小动物在地下挖掘的隧道破坏着这座古老城市的根基。

But the strata with high ground water level are composed of alluvium clays、 silty clay、 gravels and crushed stone soils in Chengdu;And the shield will drive in the interzone with complicated geologic environment, especially in the strata contained more than 50 percent of gravels which diameter is greater than 5cm, also contained big grain size gravels(the maximum diameter is about 1m)、 cement gravels and silty sand with lentoid mass;And on the ground there have many serried buildings in the prosperous zone.

而成都地铁工程将主要穿越由冲积粘性土、粉土、砂砾和碎石类土组成的覆盖层，地下水位高，盾构将通过大量地质条件和环境条件均极为复杂的区间，特别是地层中还夹杂有大漂石、胶结砾石层、粉细砂透镜体，隧道围岩中直径大于5cm的砾石含量一般都在50%以上，最大的漂石直径达1m左右，且地面多为建筑物密集的繁华地区，施工难度大，国内尚无先例，在国外也无完全成熟的经验。

The leading seismic predication for tunnels is to predict by some means or methods the locations, characters and scales of unfavorable geological bodies or their boundaries in underground engineering construction and so to previde reliable basis for countermeasures to guarantee safe, quick and continous construction.

隧道施工地质超前预报是在地下工程施工过程中，采用一些方法或手段预测掌子面前方一定范围内存在的不良地质体或地质界面的位置、性质和规模，为安全、快捷、持续施工采取防范措施提供可靠的依据。

With the rapid development of road and communication of city, the harm effect that the blast vibration induced by building mass undergrounds or tunnels and digging blast underground structures act on the ground environment, are increasingly remarkable.

随着道路、城市交通事业的迅速发展，大量地铁、隧道的修筑，浅埋地下结构的开挖爆破，由此而导致的爆破振动对地面设施，特别是对城市地面建筑的危害效应越来越显著。

Transport infrastructure industries : Undergrounds and tunnels which both are under ground has dark and humid environment and poor ventilation; Bridge, the viaduct and Port Machinery are all outdoors under the sun and the rain, so they were prone to rust and corrosion which will seriously reduce the safety factor.

交通设施行业：地铁和隧道都处于地下，环境阴暗潮湿，通风较差；大桥、高架、港口机械长期处于户外日晒雨淋，它们均极易生锈，很快就会发生锈蚀现象，大幅降低了安全系数。

In Ningbo, Hangzhou, Jiangxi have branches, the concrete admixture products in the Huaneng Yuhuan Power Plant, Shanghai - Chengdu expressway, the Hangzhou Bay Bridge, styrofoam fast, Quzhou yuan up steel mills, Shengzhou - sewage treatment center, Ningbo Portman, NING Hai Chu buildings, Ninghai air raid shelters, Ningbo thoroughfare Bridge, Ningbo Yaojiang River Lock, Ningbo Beilun Port Complex, Samsung Ningbo port, Ningbo Daxie terminal Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shanghai's large-scale projects, concrete mixing stations, highways, bridges, tunnels, power stations, railways, lock, pier, underground engineering to be widely used. Mortar powder series products in Zhejiang Ningbo, Wenzhou, Jinhua, Quzhou, in Nanchang, Jiangxi and other regions of large and medium-sized public buildings, Residential District, and other energy-saving projects use, the majority of users have been well received.

公司在宁波、杭州、江西均有分支机构，混凝土外加剂产品在华能玉环电厂、沪蓉西高速公路、杭州湾大桥、丽龙高速、衢州元立钢厂、嵊兴污水解决中心、宁波波特曼中心、宁海龙珠大厦、宁海防空地下室、宁波通途大桥、宁波姚江船闸、宁波北仑港务大楼、宁波三星码头、宁波大榭码头等浙、闽、赣、皖、鄂、江、沪的众多大型工程、混凝土搅拌站、公路、桥梁、隧道、电站、铁路、船闸、码头、地下工程得到广泛应用，干粉砂浆系列产品在浙江宁波、温州、金华、衢州，江西南昌等地区大中型公共建筑、住宅小区等节能工程使用，受到广大用户好评。

Along with the large-scale construction of infrastructures, such as South-to-North Water Transfer Project, Electronic Power Transmission from West to East, Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Transporting Natural Gas from West to East and West Traffic Infrastructure Construction, many long deep-buried tunnel s and large underground engineering are inevitable.

因此开展深埋隧道围岩系统稳定性与非线性动力学特性研究，无论是对地下空间的有效合理开发、施工优化、确保工程顺利进行，还是对本学科的发展均有十分重要的意义。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。