地下的

Therefore,through the Geodatabase data model quoted by ArcGIS,the authors discussed the pipeline data organization and presented the system frameworks according to different requirements of application.The whole system design and function realization are accomplished by the combination of B/S and C/S architecture,which solved the problems such as management,application and dynamic ruled data-update of underground pipelines information.Meanwhile,the referenced scheme and basic idea for system construction of underground pipelines are provided in the paper.

为此，利用ArcGIS引入的Geodatabase数据模型，探讨数据的组织形式，根据不同的应用需求提出系统的框架结构，采用B/S和C/S架构相结合方式进行系统总体设计和功能实现，解决了地下管线信息管理、应用和法规保证的动态更新等问题，为城市地下管线的系统建设提供了借鉴方案和基本思路。

Based on the principle of variation of earth pressures on the culverts under different conditions, including topography, span of culvert, density of fill and the type of structure, and the property of arching action above the culvert, a nonlinear earth pressure theory for culverts beneath high fill is presented, the theory suggests the earth pressure on the culverts beneath high fill can be calculated with the formula σ=ξγH〓 as the fill up to higher height.

把这种方法与其它地下洞室的土压力计算理论进行的对比分析结果表明，非线性土压力理论考虑了填土达到一定高度时在涵洞上方产生的拱效应以及土拱的不稳定性特点，其计算的土压力明显低于不考虑拱效应的低填方涵洞土压力计算值，但高于具有稳定土拱效应的地下洞室土压力理论得到的土压力。

To all project practicality, the introduction is given to the operational characteristics, the methods for calculation and the researching actuality of the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling underground hydropower stations the Three Gorges. This paper has discussed in detail the characteristic method being the same with the compressive flow and the Priessmann solution being the same with the free-surface-pressure flow. And how to deal with boundary conditions has been expatiated. Also hydraulic transient process of tremendous load fluctuation in the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling has been numerical simulated and the Fortran program for numerical simulation has been given. The paper gain the maximal press for tail end of the shell, the maximal rising rate of rotational speed of generating set, the maximal vacuum degree for inlet of the tail tunnels and so on under 11 kinds conditions of tremendous load fluctuation. These conditions include the design conditions, the check conditions and the superposition conditions. Finally, the computing results have been analyzed and summarized. The end chapter is the general comment of the whole-length content and the describing of the intending view of researching.

本文以三峡右岸地下电站尾水洞设计为背景，从工程实际出发，阐述了变顶高尾水洞的工作特性、使用范围及其研究现状；详细论述了适用有压流的特征线法、适用明满交替流的普里斯曼解法等数学模型；边界条件的给定和明满交替流的计算方法；用Fonran语言编制了数值计算程序，对三峡右岸地下电站变顶高尾水洞的大波动工况进行了数值模拟，分别得出了在设计工况、校核工况和叠加工况下蜗壳末端最大压力上升值、机组最大转速上升值和尾水管进口最大真空度等重要参数；对数值计算结果进行了详细分析并得出了有价值的结论；最后展望了今后水电站变顶高尾水洞的研究方向。

This dissertation discusses four problems that have relations with these topics. These problems are, i seismic moment tensor representation for explosions in ellipsoidal cavities and their seismic radiation patterns in the farfield; ii seismic waves from point sources in transversely isotropic media; iii yield-estimation by mb or mb for Chinese underground nuclear explosions and, iv simultaneously inversion for source parameters of underground nuclear explosions and parameters of apparent Lg Q for paths from source to stations.

本文讨论与此课题有关的椭球腔中的爆炸的地震矩张量表示及地震波辐射图案，各向异性介质中的点源激发的弹性波，由Lg波震级或Lg尾波震级估算地下核爆炸当量，由Lg波位移谱反演地下核爆炸震源参数及相关路径的Lg波视衰减参数等四个方面的问题。

Because I thought that the French were simply megalomaniacs and this whole project would probably never happen, and because I was surrounded by this rope of expectant experts, I decided to bluff and said, we know exactly how to resolve this problem: where the two lane TGV railway widens to six, we will run the highway parallel to the station. We will also run it underground, and in between, we will create the largest parking lot in the history of Christendom--8, 000 places, and in this way, an unbelievable metropolitan concentrate of infrastructure. We used this underground literally as the basis for our project.

因为我以为法国人仅仅是夸夸其谈，整个项目根本不可能实现，也因为我背负着一桌子专家的殷切期待，我决定直率地陈述我们的观点，我们确实知道如何解决这个问题：在两条TGV轨道扩大到6条的地方，高速公路会平行于火车站，并被埋入地下，然后修建一个8000位的停车场，这将是基督教世界历史上最大的停车场，通过这种方法我们能够创造一个集中了巨大地下基础结构的大都会。

Analysis of pipe burst is one of the important spatial analysis functions of underground pipeline network comprehensive GIS, the thesis puts forward the main assignment of pipe burst analysis, and analyzes the character of the usher nodes and the retral nodes of arborescent pipe network. The paper realizes the valve topological analysis of the pipe network.

爆管分析是地下管网GIS中重要的空间分析功能之一，论文论述了爆管分析的主要任务，阐述了爆管分析的理论模型，分析了树状管网中结点的父结点、子结点的性质，实现了管网的阀门拓扑关系的分析，在此基础上，完成了地下管网爆管关阀分析的算法实现。

In this paper, the dynamic response of groundwater level is analyzed in breadthwise and lengthways directions. Then the relationship between the rise extent of groundwater level and distant is simulated by using regressive analysis based on the monitoring data of the groundwater level after the latest eco- logical water transporting.

：本文以塔里木河下游开展的最近的一次生态输水的监测数据为资料，对地下水位动态变化进行横向和纵向比较，并采用回归分析法对各个断面的地下水位升幅与河心距的关系进行模拟，根据模拟结果初步确定本次输水的最大影响范围。

In combination with tunnel pass through Nanjing railway station,the monitor techniques of metro tunnel pass through the working railway are studied and elements concerning safety are analyzed.The practical monitoring procedure is adopted to guide the construction,ensure the conductio...

该文结合过站区隧道下穿既有轨道的具体工程实践，探讨了地下隧道穿越既有轨道的施工监测技术，分析了影响施工安全的各种因素，提出了切实可行的监测方案，用于指导工程实践，保证了地下隧道施工及京沪铁路正常运行，获得满意的结果，为同类型工程提供有益的参考。

It describes mainly the process of systemdesign, including whole design, detail design, database design , security design, data structure and data code scheme, It introduces in detail how to create a graphic file of pipeline data on the MicroStation platform, and the exchange of data between the MicroStation and other GIS application software, At the same time, it introduces how to realize popular manage mode of GIS data on the MicroStation GeoGraphics, namely integratinggraphics and attribute.

本文在分析长沙市地下管线数据现状和目前数据管理情况的基础上，指出建立长沙市城市地下管网信息系统的必要性和紧迫性，阐述了系统的设计过程，包括总体设计、详细设计、数据库设计和安全设计，讲述了系统的数据组织方式及数据编码方案，并详细介绍在MicroStation平台下如何处理数据生成管网图形文件，阐述了系统实现的方法、过程以及与其它系统如何实现数据交换，也介绍在MicroStation GeoGraphics下如何实现当今GIS较为流行的数据管理模式：图属一体化。

Small structure of oil reservoir and thin interbedded are find.

提出将小波神经网络边缘检测算法应用到地震剖面图像的特殊处理上，提高对油藏的分辨率，从而寻找地下小的含油构造和薄的储油层，使计算机能更准确地再现地下油藏的构造形态，提高勘探的精确度。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。