地

The thesis firstly introduces the status of cadastre in our country, and some domestic progress in cadastre.

本文首先介绍了我国地籍工作的现状，国内地籍工作取得的一些成果；然后分析指出了如今地籍面向新形势下如何加快推进地籍管理现代化，全面提升地籍管理水平，更好地发挥地籍的保障功能和服务作用，使地籍工作实现系统化、法制化、信息化和产业化过程中存在的一些问题。

After analyzing the merit and lack of 9I model, the main idea is proposed: to distill some basic topological relations from 9I model, of which the composite topological relations of complex objects are made up. In detail, the composite topological relationships between region and region, line and line, line and region are particularly discussed;(2)Analyze the characteristics and inner relations of cadastral features. According to the expressional model of complex topological relations, the author discovers the possible topological relations between parcels, parcel lines and parcel points. In addition, sum up the general topological relationship rules of cadastral data.(3) Then the topological relations model is extended to the spatio-temporal data. Time in cadastral database and change semantic are discussed. It's redefined that spatio-temporal topological relations is composed of time, location, status and event relation. Spatio-temporal topological relationships can be represented by extended 4I model. Taking cadastral parcels as example, there are different possible spatio-temporal topological relationships between parcels when they are extended, shrunken, split, merged or others. Thus, some deductions are drawn that, for example, if parcels have be coexisting for some time they are impossible to be overlapped. Furthermore, the parents of parcels alternated and their possible change types can be detected by their spatio-temporal topological relationships.(4) Before carrying out the experiment, the calculation method must be designed.

具体研究工作及成果如下：（1）根据点集拓扑理论中与拓扑空间相关的概念，本文对空间的点、线、面进行了重新定义，以区分对象的复杂性；分析了9I模型在表示简单对象方面的优点，以及在表达复杂对象上的不足，阐述了本文的研究思路和解决方案，并以复杂的面面、线线和线面为例详细探讨了复合拓扑关系的表达方法；（2）分析了地籍权属数据和地类数据的内涵、特点和要素之间的联系，根据复杂对象的拓扑关系表达模型，本文讨论了宗地、界址线、界址点之间，图斑、线状地物、零星地类之间可能存在的拓扑关系和形式化表达方法，归纳总结了地籍对象的拓扑关系满足的约束性规则；（3）将拓扑关系的研究延伸到时空领域，从地籍对象的时态性出发，本文阐述了地籍数据中时间的含义和变化语义描述的需要；从时间、位置、状态、事件等之间的拓扑关系方面，重新系统性地进行了时空拓扑关系的定义；研究了一维时间和二维空间的集成表达方式，以宗地、界址线为例，分析了变更前后不同时间区间里可能的拓扑关系，探讨了时空拓扑关系对时空变化操作类型和变化语义的推理方法和意义；（4）为实现空间拓扑关系的查询分析等应用，本文研究了空间拓扑关系的计算方法。

Do you still remember,how we used to be Feeling together, believe in whatever My love has said to me Both of us were dreamers Young love in the sun Felt like my Saviour, my spirit I gave you We'd only just begun Hasta, my young girl Always be mine Viva forever, I'll be waiting Everlasting, like the sun Live Forever, for the moment Ever searching for the word Yes I still remember, every whispered word The touch of your skin, giving life from within Like a love song that I'd heard Slipping through your fingers, like the sands of time Promises made, every memory saved Has reflections in my mind Hasta, my young girl Always be mine Viva forever,I'll be waiting Everlasting, like the sun Live Forever, for the moment Ever searching for the word But we're alone now, was it just a dream Feelings untold, they will never be sold And the secret's safe with me Hasta my young girl, Always be mine Viva forever, I'll be waiting Everlasting, like the sun Live Forever,for the moment Ever searching for the word Viva forever, I'll be waiting Everlasting, like the sun Live Forever,for the moment Ever searching for the word Viva forever, I'll be waiting Everlasting, like the sun Live Forever,for the moment Ever searching for the word Viva forever, I'll be waiting Everlasting, like the sun Live Forever,for the moment Ever searching for the word

你仍然记得吗，我们过去一直是的方式一起感觉，相信任何的我的爱已经对我说我们两个都是做梦的人年轻的爱在太阳下感觉像我的救星，我的精神我给予了你我们才开始 Hasta，我的年轻女孩总是我的万岁的欢呼永远地，我将等候永恒的，像太阳永远地住，对于片刻曾经搜索对于字是的我仍然记得，每一耳语字你的皮肤的触觉，提供生活从在喜欢情歌我有听到滑倒过你的手指，像时间的沙子承诺制造，解救的每记忆有我的思想的反映 Hasta，我的年轻女孩总是我的万岁的欢呼永远地，我将等候永恒的，像太阳永远地住，对于片刻曾经搜索对于字但是我们现在很孤独，它只是一个梦感觉不告诉，他们将会无法被卖而且秘密的保险箱由于我 Hasta 我的年轻女孩，总是我的万岁的欢呼永远地，我将等候永恒的，像太阳永远地住，对于片刻曾经搜索对于字万岁的欢呼永远地，我将等候永恒的，像太阳永远地住，对于片刻曾经搜索对于字万岁的欢呼永远地，我将等候永恒的，像太阳永远地住，对于片刻曾经搜索对于字万岁的欢呼永远地，我将等候永恒的，像太阳永远地住，对于片刻曾经搜索对于字

Cleaning Equipment Series: floor cleaning machine; polishing machine; Stone refurbished machine; vacuum suction machine; portable polishing machine; three-speed fan; clean cars; room service vehicles; pressing water; Hand Dryer; cleaning supplies Series: Titanium, stainless steel cup smoke; mats; elevator pad; mop; dust pushed; Blade; push of water; Tu traps; glass blowing; telescopic rod; notice boards; safety rope; belts; hanging plate; self-locking device; large Volume carton; towel carton; automatic fragrance machine; soap dispenser; watering can; sprayer; mobile cleaning basket; scouring pad; plastic mats, wear-resistant floor mats, anti-skid mats, composite mats, spinning and mats, floor mats Polaroid United States, Qualcomm mats cleaning agent at the end of series: air fresheners;§à; hand sanitizer; disinfectants; surface wax; at the end of wax; maintenance wax; furniture wax; wood floor wax; free throw wax ; from wax water; low foam carpet water; carpet stains in addition to agent; of foam agent; electrostatic dust lead agent; Degreaser; derusting agent; In addition to gel; wall cleaning agent; acidic, alkaline cleaning agents; washed stone water; bathroom cleaners; cement ash agent;àagent; aromatic ball; Bi Livzon; hundred Livzon; rub silver paste; rubbed copper water; stainless steel brightener; aluminum brightener; crystal hard powder; K2, K3 powder; Stone derusting agent; stone care agent; clean and bright daily sundry goods series: indoor and outdoor environmental dustbin; the garbage bin; debris barrels; buckets; radius wastepaper basket; trash bag; folding ladder; Human word ladder; Block 1 meter Benchmarking; peracetic acid; 84 fluid; alcohol; Laisu water; hydrochloride; distempers Mastics thinner; cleaning Ling; detergent; floor brush; Dunbur;ó; broom; dustpan;§°brush; Paper Chuai son; push snow shovel; towel; toilet paper; gloves; scouring pad; sandalwood; clean ball; wire cotton; labor supplies; cleaning service

钛金、不锈钢烟盅；地垫；电梯垫；地拖；尘推；铲刀；推水器；涂水器；玻璃刮；伸缩杆；告示牌；安全绳；安全带；吊板；自锁器；大卷纸盒；擦手纸盒；自动飘香机；皂液器；喷壶；喷雾器；手提清洁篮；百洁垫；塑胶地垫、耐磨地垫，防滑地垫，复合地垫，喷丝地垫，宝丽美地垫，通底地垫空气清新剂；玻璃清洁剂；洗手液；消毒剂；面蜡；底蜡；保养蜡；家私蜡；木地板蜡；免抛蜡；起蜡水；高低泡地毯水；地毯除渍剂；化泡剂；静电牵尘剂；除油剂；除锈剂；除胶剂；外墙清洁剂；酸性、碱性清洁剂；洗石水；浴室清洁剂；水泥除灰剂；洁厕剂；芳香球；碧丽珠；百丽珠；擦银膏；擦铜水；不锈钢光亮剂；铝品光亮剂；晶硬粉；K2、K3粉；石材除锈剂；石材护理剂；洁而亮室内、外环保垃圾桶；果皮箱；杂物桶；水桶；方圆纸篓；垃圾袋；折叠梯；人字梯；1米线标杆座；过氧乙酸；84液；酒精；来苏水；盐酸；硝基漆稀料；洗洁灵；洗衣粉；地板刷；墩布；笤帚；扫帚；簸箕；恭桶刷；皮揣子；推雪铲；毛巾；卫生纸；手套；百洁布；檀香；清洁球；钢丝棉；劳保用品；保洁服

One employs a thermoelectric phenomenon, called the Peltier effect, to cool the graspers handling the cloth well below zero by passing current水不停地流过 through them.

其一使用了热电现象冷却处理布料的机械手，它通过水不停地流过使机械手和布料本身温度降到0度以下。

The soldier was very uncomfortable, but at last he replied nervously『紧张地』,"My name is Stone Breaker, sir."

那个士兵感到非常别扭，但他最后还是紧张地答道：长官，我的名字叫石头？

The soldier was very uncomfortable, but at last he replied nervously『紧张地』,"My name is Stone Breaker, sir.

& [3]那个士兵感到非常别扭，但他最后还是紧张地答道：&长官，我的名字叫石头粉碎者。

At seven-league 大踏步地 China is developing at seven league strides .

中国正在大踏步地向前发展

For girls like us they speak glowingly（注:glowingly附图 adj.热情洋溢地）of careers as key punch operators and bank tellers.

他们对我们女生津津乐道地大谈特谈将来从事敲键盘、做银行出纳的职业。

Alan Perlis 更简单地说: Everyone can be taught to sculpt: Michelangelo would have had to be taught how not to.

这假设，有些人已经有能力表明是一位了不起的设计师；工作将适当地哄骗他们。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。