在飞行中

The reason why quaternion is used in flight simulation of fighter aircraft and the geometric meaning of quaternion are described,according to axis system used in flight simulation of fighter aircraft in China,three problems are introduced as follows:(1) quaternion kinematic equations,(2) relationship of quaternion and coordinate transformation matrix,(3) Euler angles in terms of quaternion.

阐述了在战斗机的飞行仿真中采用四元数的原因和四元数的几何意义，并按照中国战斗机飞行仿真中采用的坐标系，介绍了三个问题：四元数运动学方程；四元数与坐标变换矩阵的关系；用四元数表示的欧拉角。

This is introduced in detail the takeoff and landing phase of flight operations, and then international flight safety foundation decrease in nearly landing accident research experts group to reduce the accidents in nearly landing stage of hair into nearly landing stage risk awareness, summarizes the checklist checklist five risk factors, on the basis of detailed analyses each element of each element, points out the various risk factors.

本文较为详细地推荐le起飞和降落阶段中的飞行操作，接着结合国际飞行安全基金会减少进近着陆事故研究专家工作组为减少进近着陆阶段的事故发制定的进近着陆阶段的风险意识检查单，概述了检查单中的五项风险要素，在此基础上详细分析了每项要素，指出每项要素中的各条风险因素。

A technician straps legendary test pilot Scott Crossfield into the cockpit of the X-15 rocket plane before an early test flight. The X-15's maiden flight occurred on June 8, 1959,during which Crossfield was carried aloft in his sleek, black rocket plane beneath the wing of a B-52 from NASA's Flight Research Center.

在一次早期试飞中，一名技术专家用飞行皮带把传奇的试飞员斯科特克罗斯菲尔德固定在X-15火箭推进式飞机的小驾驶室中。1959.6.8，X-15进行了处女航，它挂在一架B-52超级空中堡垒的机翼下从NASA德莱登飞行研究中心起飞，克罗斯菲尔德驾驶着黑色光滑的火箭推进式飞机完成了处女航。

Caption :Solar Power in the Clouds:We've discussed solar aviation before - from the very first sun-powered flight in 1974 to the most recent dreams of solar air trips around the world.

描述：天空中的太阳能：以前我们曾讨论过太阳能飞行---从1974年最早的太阳能飞行到最近的太阳能环游世界飞行的梦想。在我们以前的文章里，Bertrand Piccard

Just under this background, studying on the flight mechanism of flapping-wing MAV and sample fabrication from the bionics are conducted in this dissertation. The kinematics equations of insect wings can be acquired by the observation and measurement on the natural insect in researching paper. The geometry model of insect is established by UG technology. The three dimensional grid during the insect moving in the flow field is achieved which adopted grid generation method. The characteristic of lift and drag are attained by simulation the surround flow field during the locomotion of wings, and the flight mechanism of insect is discussed. Based on this study, the physical flapping-wing MAV is fabricated by the acquirable materials and parts of apparatus in existence.

正是在这一背景下，本文从仿生的角度来研究微型飞行器的飞行机理与样机制作；通过查阅文献中对自然界中昆虫翅膀运动的观察与测量，获取了昆虫翅膀的运动方程；采用UG建模技术，建立昆虫的几何模型；采用网格划分方法，获取昆虫在流场运动时的三维网格；运用CFD方法模拟翅膀运动时周围的流场，获取昆虫运动时的升阻力特性，进而来研究昆虫的飞行机理；在此基础上，通过现有可用的材料加工制作仿生微型飞行器。

The Airport Security in the work of the Airport so that he is the head of the bird pest problems because of Zhangjiajie Airport is located in the mountains, birds at the airport, air space flight in particular, the safety of aircraft flying will be very much affected, and the bird work for the Airport Security Field Services team that is a major problem, how can we solve this problem to ensure flight safety?

而机场保障部工作中最让他头痛就是机场的鸟害问题，由于张家界机场位于山区，鸟类在机场空域飞行特别多，对飞机的安全飞行是有很大影响的，而驱鸟工作对于机场保障部场务队来说就是一大难题，如何才能解决这个难题保证飞行安全呢？

With the rapid developments of science and technology, the modern avion simulation system faces two requirements. One is function requirement and the other is technology renovation requirement. As to the first requirement, functions of modern avion are becoming more and more abundant, which causes the flight simulation training change greatly. As to the second requirement, with the development and adoption of new technology, high verisimilitude requirements are raised to avion simulation system.

中文题名现代军机飞行仿真系统的研究副题名外文题名 A study on modern avion flight simulation system 论文作者黄安祥导师李明陈宗基学科专业导航、制导与控制研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位北京航空航天大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数150页关键词军用飞机飞行仿真系统仿真馆藏号BSLW /2003 /V271 /3 随着科学技木的飞速发展，现代军机仿真训练系统面临两大需求：一是功能需求，现代军机功能的增强，使飞行仿真训练内容发生了较大变化；二是技术更新需求，新技术的发展及其在仿真系统中的应用，对军机仿真系统的逼真度提出了更高的要求。

The flying fortress has the fine altitude performance and the splendid anti- attack ability, often after suffered the huge fight wound still to be able to continue to fly, in the later period model, has equipped the formidable defensive weapon, all these caused it to win unit's trust and the affection, they believed B-17 could survives in the German armed force fighter aircraft and in the anti-aircraft gun belt of fire, leads their safe return to base.

飞行堡垒具有优良的高空性能与出色的抗打击能力，往往在遭受到巨大的战斗创伤后仍能继续飞行，在后期的型号中，更是装备了强大的防御系统，所有这些使它赢得了机组的信赖与喜爱，他们相信 B-17 能在德军战斗机和高射炮的火网中生存下来，带领他们安全返回基地。

Using entomological radar, we showed that the ability to select seasonally favorable, high-altitude winds is widespread in large day- and night-flying migrants and that insects adopt optimal flight headings that partially correct for crosswind drift, thus maximizing distances traveled.

根据所搜集到的雷达对天空中迁徙飞行的昆虫进行扫描的数据，Jason Chapman 及其同僚显示，在高空飞行的蛾子和蝴蝶能够选择有利的风向并纠正其方向的偏移，这些策略可使昆虫所覆盖的地面最大化，并使它们的飞行时间得到最佳化。

Besides the traditional fields of aviation medicine such as high altitude hypoxia, acceleration tolerance, flight illusion, etc., the emphasis of research work should be placed even more on the pilot selection, health care, aeromedical training and aviation ergonomics in the future, and on the establishment of the integrated and systemic aeromedical support measures, so as to provide entirely physiological protection to the pilots working in severe environments, and to optimize the ergonomic design of man-machine interface for improving human capabilities in flight.

未来军事航空医学研究在重视高空缺氧、加速度耐力、飞行错觉等传统问题的同时，应更加关注飞行人员选拔、健康维护、航空医学训练、航空工效等热点问题，并建立航空综合系统的卫勤保障措施，力求为处于严酷环境中的飞行人员提供全面的生理防护和高效的卫勤保障，并优化人机界面工效学设计，充分发挥人的因素作用。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。