在进行中的

The vapour and plasma ignition times of the target are got based on the equation of heat conduction and cascade model. We suppose that the plasma is ignited when 210 generations of new electrons are born in vapour generation time. The influence of temperature on the thermodynamics and optics parameters of material also have been considered in the model. The resulting theory has good agreement with the experiment and overseas report. A blade method to measure the laser spot is given in this paper with validation and error analysis. The plasma threshold of metals in atmosphere and water ambients both are diagnosed with the light deflection and piezoelectric transducer. A Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at infrared (1064nm), visible(532nm) and ultraviolet (355nm) wavelengths has been used. Al、Fe、Cu are used as targets and get a similar results with both method. Theoretical and experimental analyses are applied on the influence of wavelength on the threshold have been done, both of which have shown that the plasma threshold of metals decrease as the laser wavelength increases; The plasma threshold of metals are higher in water than in air and the pressure of the shock wave in water is five times higher than in air.

从热传导方程和雪崩电离机制出发，假设当电子增值2~(10)倍时，考虑了温度对材料热力学和光学参数的影响时，得到了气化和等离子体点燃的时间，利用该模型进行计算得到的结果与国内外报道及自行通过实验测得的阈值基本一致；提出了利用刀刃法测量激光光斑面积的方法，并通过实验进行了验证和误差分析；利用光偏转装置和压电换能器分别对空气和水中金属等离子体点燃阈值进行了实验诊断，激光器均为调Q—YAG激光器(波长1064nm，532nm，355nm，脉宽10ns)，靶材分别为Al、Fe和Cu，两种测试方法得到的等离子体点燃阈值基本一致；本文从实验和理论计算两个方面讨论了波长对等离子体点燃阈值的影响，均得到了等离子体点燃阈值随着波长的增加而减小的结论；对空气中和水中不同环境下金属等离子体的点燃阈值进行了比较研究，得到了金属在水中的等离子体点燃阈值比空气中的大，且水中产生的冲击波的压强是空气中的5倍左右的结论。

In the first part we have tried to put forward a definition of the euphony and further to analyze its position in the study of rhetoric; In the second part, the euphony phenomenon has been classified according to different dimensions such as function and culture, etc; In the third part we have given the euphonys characteristics wider coverage to deal with the different reflections in the fields of pronunciation, grammar, semantic meaning and context; In the fourth part, we have analyzed the formation of euphony from the point of aesthetics, psychology, social culture and linguistic characters, etc; Base on what is discussed above the euphony phenomenon both in different folkways and styles of writing have been studied in the fifth and sixth parts; And the final seventh part is the conclusion.

本文分为七个部分：第一部分分析了谐音的定义及其在修辞研究中的地位；第二部分按照功能、文化、性质等标准对各种谐音修辞现象进行了分类；第三部分研究了谐音修辞在语音、语法、语义和语境上表现出的特点；第四部分从语言、心理、美学和社会文化四方面研究了谐音修辞形成的基础；第五和第六两部分分别对民俗民风中的谐音现象和不同文体中的谐音现象进行了研究；第七部分为结语。

You can battle in space, as well as on land, in locations featured in the movies.

你可以在太空中、陆地上以及那些在电影中出现的场合中进行作战。

Moreover,a numerical model of embeded pipeline/soil interaction under complex wave laod is developed, the behavior of pipeline in the liquefied soil is simulated base on finite distortion theory, finaly the influence factors are analysed and a set of conclusions are put forward.

建立了复杂波浪荷载作用下埋置管线与周围土体相互作用的数学模型，并基于大变形理论，对管线在液化土体中的移动进行了模拟，并对影响土体液化和管线在液化土体中行为的因素进行了分析。

The paper fristly compared the fertile soil with the incinerated sterile soil on the number of micro-algae , soil pH value , soil organic matter soil available phosphorus and soil nitrogen.And then, the author put fertile soil, which included micro-algae, proportionally into sterile samples and cultivated them respectively under illumination condition (micro-algae can live and reproduce)and dark condition(micro-algae will die in some time).The above indices were measured in 0, 30, 60 and 90days respectively, The analyse of the interrelation between the change of micro-algae"s number and the changes of soil pH value, soil organic matter, soil available phosphorus and soil nitrogen indicated:Soil micro-algae which were native to fertile soil conld adapt to the changed circumstance and light acted as a decisive role to the distribution of soil micro-algae.Under dark condition,the micro-algae"s number declined gradually and went to zero in the end,while under illumination condition ,on the 90th day, the micro-algaes number of per gramme was 6-7 times more than that of the beginning.

本文首先对肥沃土壤与经高温焚烧后的贫瘠土壤中的微藻数量、土壤pH值、有机质含量、有效磷含量和全氮量进行比较研究，然后将包含微藻的绿化苗圃地肥土按不同比例接种进入贫瘠土样中，分别在光照条件和黑暗条件下进行培养，在0天、30天、60天和90天分别检测以上指标，比较有光条件和无光条件下，即有藻条件和无藻条件下贫瘠土样所发生的变化，并分别对微藻数量的变化与土壤pH值、有机质含量、有效磷含量和全氮量的变化之间做相关性分析，以评估肥沃土壤中的微藻接种进入贫瘠土壤后的生长情况以及对贫瘠土壤的改良作用。

This paper studies depression in the hot cathode glow discharge PCVD method of diamond films influence in the process, mainly from two aspects of research: a study of the process of discharge pressure of the impact of that pressure on the technology, the impact of state discharge , as well as pressure and discharge voltage of the relationship between the two, and experiment with different pressure, relative to the preparation of samples, and using Raman instrument and SEM analysis of the quality of the film, by comparing the different types of gas pressure on the quality of diamond films, summed up the most good gas pressure parameters of a high-quality diamond films.

本文研究气压在热阴极辉光放电PCVD方法制备金刚石膜过程中的影响，主要是从两个方面进行研究：一，研究制备过程中气压对放电的影响，得出气压对工艺，放电状态的影响，以及气压和放电电压的关系；二，采用不同气压进行实验，制备出相对应的样品，并用Raman和SEM等仪器对膜进行质量分析，通过对比不同气体压强对金刚石膜质量的影响，总结最佳气体压强参数，制备出高品质金刚石膜。

By analyzing the grounds of this viewpoint, this paper holds that intention is still the inevitable element of actus reus in the criminal law and that intention is different from deliberation and involuntariness which form the sub- jective ingredients of crime in that the former indicates the attitudes of the action - doer has towards the act...

本文对该观点所依据的几点理由进行了分析，认为有意性仍然是刑法中危害行为的必然要素，并将刑法中危害行为的有意性与作为犯罪构成主观要件的故意与过失区别开来，认为危害行为的有意性是指行为人对其行为本身所持有的心理态度，而作为犯罪构成主观要件的故意与过失是指行为人对其行为引起的危害结果所持有的心理态度，二者在内容、性质、功能以及法律后果等四方面存有显著的区别。此外，本文还对二者在司法实践中的表现形式进行了归纳分类。

In the first part, we have reviewed the application of nanoparticle in luminous analysis.

第一部分对纳米粒子的在发光分析中的应用进行了评述，并对纳米粒子在化学发光分析中的研究应用进行了展望。

The invention discloses a method for measuring seawater chemical oxygen demand by photometry, wherein the seawater exemplar is first pre-processed, then using the basic potassium hypermanganate as reaction system, the potassium permanganate is deacidized quantitatively by organics to produce manganate, using pure water or margin solution as reference ratio, measuring the absorbance an of the manganate at its maximum absorbing wave length 430 nm, drafting the A-COD value operating curve, obtaining the concentration of the organics in the water, i.e.

本发明公开了一种对海水化学需氧量进行测定的光度测定法，该方法首先将海水样品进行预处理，再以碱性高锰酸钾为反应体系，这样海水中的有机物在强碱性介质中与过量的高锰酸钾迅速反应，高锰酸钾被有机物定量还原后生成锰酸盐，以纯水或空白溶液作参比，在锰酸盐的最大吸收波长430nm处测其吸光度A，该吸光度A与海水样品中的有机物的含量具有正相关关系。

The results of differential thermal analysis on glasses show that the glass forming ability was improved greatly by introducing metaphosphate to AMCSBY glass.

对玻璃进行了差热分析，结果表明，在氟铝酸盐玻璃中引入偏磷酸盐使玻璃形成能力大大提高；测量了玻璃从紫外到红外的透过光谱和紫外吸收光谱，在玻璃中引入偏磷酸钡使玻璃中红外透过能力下降，红外吸收边带移向短波段，玻璃紫外透过能力得到提高。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。