在运动

Matrices, Vector and Vector Calculus, Newtonian Mechanics-single Particle, Oscillations, Nonlinear Oscillations and Chaos, Gravitation, Some Methods in the Calculus of Variations, Hamilton's Principles Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Dynamics, Central-Force Motion, Dynamics of a System of Particles, Motion in a Noninertia Reference Frame, Dynamics of Rigid Body.

矩阵和向量的计算、单一质点的牛顿力学、线性与非线性的振动运动、重力、微积分上的变分法介绍、哈密顿原理、拉氏及哈氏力学、连心力下的运动、质点系的运动力学、在非惯性坐标中的运动、刚体的运动。

Furthermore, a motion estimation technique for sequential thermal images is presented which measures the parameters of global motion in the image plane due to zoom and pan of the camera or the process of the vehicle, and a motion compensation interpolation technique is also presented which can compensate the global motion. The algorithm is based on a three-parameter model for motion description, and some improyement is given in this method. Good results are shown in the computer simulation experiments.

在研究了帧内编码的情况后，本文进一步分析了序列图象的特点，并对由摄象机运动和车辆行进所造成的全局运动进行了运动估值和补偿研究，对现有的三参数估值算法进行了分析和改进，推导出热图的序列图象的平移及缩放的运动估值与补偿的公式，通过计算机模拟进行了全局运动的估值和内插实验，获得了较好的结果。

Computer micro-vision, Mirau microscopic interferometry, stroboscopic photography and laser Doppler vibrator are integrated into this platform. In-plane and out-of-plane periodic motion characteristics of micro-resonator are measured, and out-of-plane transient motion of micro-mirror is analyzed. In-plane displacement, motion phase and resonance frequency can be measured by integrating computer micro-vision with stroboscopic photography, and the repeatable accuracy of in-plane displacement is 30 nm.

实验结果表明，利用计算机微视觉和频闪成像技术能够实现微结构的平面位移、运动相位及谐振频率等周期运动参量的测试，位移的重复精度为30 nm；利用显微干涉和频闪成像技术可实现微结构的离面位移及表面扭曲等周期运动参量的测试，位移的重复精度为3 nm；激光多普勒测振技术具有在频域上对微结构瞬态运动进行分析的优点，是时域上周期运动测试的重要补充。

Firstly, the paper expatiates the essence principle of the motion estimation based block matching, introduces Full Search method and several typical motion estimation fast algorithms, and analyzes each characteristic, then to sum up the key technology for increasing the motion estimation search efficiency; Secondly, it stress introduces three motion estimation fast improved algorithms: the improved algorithm based Full Search method, it imports successive elimination algorithm、subsample and termination condition to increase search speed for enhancing the real time of Full Search.

本文首先阐述了基于块匹配法的运动估计基本原理，介绍了全搜索法和几种典型的运动估计快速算法，分析了各算法的特点，在此基础上总结了提高运动估计搜索效率的几个关键技术。接着重点介绍了本文提出的三种运动估计快速改进算法。基于全搜索的改进算法，是在全搜索的基础上尝试引入了连续排除算法、子抽样和终止条件来提高搜索速度，增强全搜索的实时性。

Redundant driving structure designed based on a new type of universal Cartesian serial-parallel manipulator, kinetics equations and Euler equations constructed, complete analysis of each jointed points of the moving platform carried out, inverse kinetics solution can be obtained with the given parameters, which include the position and orientation of the manipulator, applied force on the output shaft, parameters of motion of output shaft and connecting bar and sliding block, computer programming adopted to get the valid data and its figure, thus found the perfect show of this redundant driving structure compared to the primary mechanism without redundant driving.

对全新结构的万能直角串并联机构进行冗余驱动设计，通过建立动力学万程和欧拉方程，对机构的动平台各输入铰点处的受力状况进行了全面的分析，已知机构在给定空间位置和姿态下的输出端的受力、主轴的运动参数、连杆的运动参数、水平和垂直运动滑块的运动参数时，可以反向求解机构约动力学反解，通过计算机语言编程计算和绘图得至（直观有效的结果数据，由此得知冗余驱动在改善原机构的动力学特性方面的良好表现。

Objective: To analyze the characte of normal acromioclavicular joint's motion, which is tested the shoulder joint at different locations .

目的：通过对正常活体肩关节在不同的范围的运动时肩锁关节的运动进行分析，以明确肩锁关节在各个方向上的运动特点，从而了解肩锁关节具体的运动范围。

Methods: 12 fresh frozen adult leg-foot specimens were mounted in a coordinated system, a Steinmann pin was perforated across the calcaneus, cuboidcum, talus, and naviculare as markers. The displacements of the marked points in the coordinated system were recorded. Through matrix translation and Euler equation, the rotational angle of the calcaneus, cuboideum, talus, naviculare were calculated, which represented the motion of the calcaneocuboid, talonavicular and ankle joint in different condition respectively, while statistical analysis were also taken between different conditions.

取新鲜足标本12例，通过加载使足产生某种形式的运动，用三维数字化坐标仪测量距下关节组成骨在某种运动状态下的相对三维坐标位移，通过矩阵转换和求解非线性函数方程计算其三维旋转角度，确定距下关节的运动范围、规律和在足整体运动中的作用。

After take analyzed deeply for the opened magnet circuit with FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) we find out the field distributing that is separated into three sections . One is the main area what we called as positive field section. Beside the main field there are tow areas that are called the inverted field sections. Loudspeaker arise a very serious distortion when the voice coil moving into inverted field areas. The direction of induced current in the coil part of entered inverted field area is same with the current driving into loudspeaker so that total currents increas largely and heat increase rapidly. With more coils moving into inverted area the voice coil will take on negative inductance properties. It is the main reason that voice coil is burned by heating with increasing current due to arise negative inductance. So opened magnetic circuit is not suitable for the woofers in which the voice coil have wider displacement range. When using this kind magnetic circuit design, the voice coil moving range should be less than the range of positive field to avoid loudspeaker arise serious distortion and heating. Even though voice coil moving range is in the positive area, loudspeaker will still arise more distortion because the field distribution is very cliffy at tow sides of the positive area and full range of magnetic field distribution is not parallel that will arise distortion. Base on above reasons, opened magnetic circuit is not an ideal magnetic circuit for low-frequency loudspeakers. But it can be used in mid-range or high-frequency productions.

开式磁路是由2片钕铁硼磁铁和主导磁板和导磁垫片组成，我们在实践过程中发现这种磁路结构不适合于低频扬声器的使用，我们通过使用FEMM（Finite Element Method Magnetics）软件包对该磁路进行了分析，该磁路的磁场范围被分成3个区域，其中在主导磁板附近形成一个正向磁场，在正向磁场的两边存在反向的磁场，音圈在工作时有很大一部分进入了反向磁场中，在反向磁场内线圈的感应电流方向与驱动电流方向相同，使得音圈呈现出负感抗特性，由于音圈的负感抗特性引起电流的增加导致音圈发热甚至烧毁，因此在扬声器中使用开式磁路时，音圈的运动范围应控制在正向磁场范围之内，否则音圈运动到反向磁场区域时将会产生很大的失真和发热，即使在设计时已经将音圈的运动范围控制在正向磁场范围之内，由于正向磁场的2个边缘磁场强度衰减太快，同时开式磁路中磁场的分布不是平行的，而是自由发散的分布，这样肯定会导致扬声器的非线性失真，因此我们得到的结论是：开式磁路并不是一个理想的磁路，它不适合于低频扬声器的使用，但它还可以应用于中高频扬声器。

The opened magnetic circuit is composed as tow NdFeB permanent magnets and a top plate without U-yoke. After take analyzed deeply for the opened magnet circuit with FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) we find out the field distributing that is separated into three sections . One is the main area what we called as positive field section. Beside the main field there are tow areas that are called the inverted field sections. Loudspeaker arise a very serious distortion when the voice coil moving into inverted field areas. The direction of induced current in the coil part of entered inverted field area is same with the current driving into loudspeaker so that total currents increas largely and heat increase rapidly. With more coils moving into inverted area the voice coil will take on negative inductance properties. It is the main reason that voice coil is burned by heating with increasing current due to arise negative inductance. So opened magnetic circuit is not suitable for the woofers in which the voice coil have wider displacement range. When using this kind magnetic circuit design, the voice coil moving range should be less than the range of positive field to avoid loudspeaker arise serious distortion and heating. Even though voice coil moving range is in the positive area, loudspeaker will still arise more distortion because the field distribution is very cliffy at tow sides of the positive area and full range of magnetic field distribution is not parallel that will arise distortion. Base on above reasons, opened magnetic circuit is not an ideal magnetic circuit for low-frequency loudspeakers. But it can be used in mid-range or high-frequency productions.

开式磁路是由2片钕铁硼磁铁和主导磁板和导磁垫片组成，我们在实践过程中发现这种磁路结构不适合于低频扬声器的使用，我们通过使用FEMM（Finite Element Method Magnetics）软件包对该磁路进行了分析，该磁路的磁场范围被分成3个区域，其中在主导磁板附近形成一个正向磁场，在正向磁场的两边存在反向的磁场，音圈在工作时有很大一部分进入了反向磁场中，在反向磁场内线圈的感应电流方向与驱动电流方向相同，使得音圈呈现出负感抗特性，由于音圈的负感抗特性引起电流的增加导致音圈发热甚至烧毁，因此在扬声器中使用开式磁路时，音圈的运动范围应控制在正向磁场范围之内，否则音圈运动到反向磁场区域时将会产生很大的失真和发热，即使在设计时已经将音圈的运动范围控制在正向磁场范围之内，由于正向磁场的2个边缘磁场强度衰减太快，同时开式磁路中磁场的分布不是平行的，而是自由发散的分布，这样肯定会导致扬声器的非线性失真，因此我们得到的结论是：开式磁路并不是一个理想的磁路，它不适合于低频扬声器的使用，但它还可以应用于中高频扬声器。

We upgrated the Visual Motion Priming model proposed by Pantle, that means to insert a blank frame between priming and target. The goal is to explore the mechanism of visual motion priming in the brain. Method: Undergraduates on campus participated the experiments as paid volunter with normal or corelected normal version.

因此本实验对Pantle的视觉运动启动实验模式进行了改进，由特定运动方向的启动刺激引导靶刺激，在启动刺激与靶刺激之间加入一个空白阻断图片，从而打断启动——靶刺激的正常启动序列，目的是观察加入空白阻断图片，对于运动启动现象的影响以及对不同的视觉运动序列运动方向的影响。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。