在讨论中

We give the expression and confidence interval for failure probability in direct sampling method .

本文讨论了蒙特卡洛模拟在结构可靠性分析中的应用，并给出了直接抽样法中失效概率的计算公式和置信区

According to the principle of mass conservation, the dynamic model of SCF-CO_2 is set up on differential extraction base on determining the extracted conditions.

在确定了最佳工艺条件的基础上，根据质量守恒原理，建立了基于微分床萃取的超临界流体萃取动力学模型，从理论上分析了超临界流体萃取过程中各因素对提取率的影响情况，并对模型中的主要参数进行了讨论。

This paper reviews the major methodological issues in cross-cultural research,covering topics in research design,measurement,and data analysis.From a design perspective,the paper begins with the use of consilience methods to strengthen causal inferences in cross-cultural research.Th...

作者首先从研究设计的角度分析如何通过汇聚方法加强检验跨文化研究的因果关系的能力，然后分析跨文化研究中测量对等性(measurement invariance/equivalence)问题以及相关的统计方法，最后简要介绍了多层线性模型在跨文化研究中的应用、并讨论跨文化研究方法的发展趋势。

Furthermore, the first-order optimality condition and its equivalent reformulations for generalized semi-infinite max-min programming with a non-compact set are presented using the lower-Hadamard directional derivative and subdifferential.2. Chapter 3 studies the gradient-type methods for unconstrained optimization problems. Section 1 proposes a new class of three-term memory gradient methods. The global convergence property of the method is established. Furthermore, in order to improve the convergence property of the method, a new class of memory gradient projection methods is presented with the property that the whole sequence of iterates converges to a solution to the problem under the conditions such as pseudo-convexity and continuous differentiability of objective function. In section 2, two new classes of methods, called gradient-type method with perturbations and hybrid projection method with perturbations, are proposed. In these methods, non-monotone line search technique is employed, which makes them easily executed in computer.

第3章研究了无约束优化问题的梯度型算法，第1节提出了一类新的三项记忆梯度算法，讨论了算法的全局收敛性，进一步提出了一类新的具有更好收敛性质的记忆梯度投影算法，并证明了该算法在函数伪凸的情况下具有整体收敛性，第2节在非单调步长搜索下提出了带扰动项的梯度型算法及其混合投影算法，这两类算法的一个重要特征就是步长采用线搜索确定而不象许多文献中那样要求步长趋于零，这样更容易在计算机上实现，在较弱的条件下证明了这些算法的全局收敛性，数值算例表明了算法的有效性。

In the present paper,we first investigate the following initial-boundary valueproblem of parabolic Monge-Ampere equation〓 in 〓(1)〓 on 〓(2)where Ω is a bounded convex domain in 〓 denotes the parabolic boundaryof Q,and second give a preliminary probe into the initial value problem of aspecial kind of parabolic Monge-Ampere equation which comes from the theoryof optimal investment in mathematical finance.

本文首先讨论如下抛物型Mongc-Ampère方程的第一初边值问题〓（1）〓（2）其中〓为〓中的有界凸区域，〓为Q的抛物边界，然后针对一种在数学金融学的最优投资理论中导出的特殊形式的抛物型Monge-Ampère方程的初值问题进行了初步的探讨。

This article used the truncation mark law to discuss the common quadratic surface on the coordinate plane projection, based on this gave by the surface encircles three-dimensional asks the law on the coordinate plane projection one kind, this kind asked method the superiority lay in does not draw the range of integration graph also to be able to determine it on the coordinate plane projection.

本文利用截痕法讨论了常见二次曲面的在坐标面上的投影，在此基础上给出由曲面所围立体在坐标面上的投影的一种求法，这种求法的优越性在于不画出积分区域图形也能确定它在坐标面上的投影。最后以实例说明这种求投影的方法在计算三重积分中的应用。

This text discussed how to choice the material of permanent magnet and transmit-magnet, design the circuitry of magnetism and the method of demagnetization and so on. There emphasize introduce the structure of permanent magnetism cupule of crane that using AlNiCo permanent magnet or NdFeB permanent magnet, application of RLC circuitry in using pulse to demagnetization and how to realize the lighter to weight, lower to cost and prolong using life for permanent magnetism cupule of crane by way of choosing in reason the parameter of R, L, C etc.

本文就节能、省材、安全的起重永磁吸盘设计制造中有关永磁材料与导磁材料选用、磁路设计组合、永磁体的充退磁方法等问题进行了讨论，着重介绍了用电脉冲充退磁的铝镍钴永磁、钕铁硼永磁或二者组合式的起重永磁吸盘的结构设计、RLC电路在脉冲充退磁技术中的应用，如何合理选用R、L、C等参数以实现起重永磁吸盘的小自重、低成本及长寿命。

It discusses about the origin of Amicus Curiae, analyzes the practice and development of Amicus Curiae in the DSU through four cases, then presents the each party's attitude towards Amicus Curiae and the reason for approve or against. The last part introduces the topic of Amicus Curiae in the Doha Round.

介绍"法庭之友"的渊源，通过四个案例分析法庭之友在WTO争端解决机制中的实践应用及发展，讨论各方对"法庭之友"提交的诉状接受或拒绝的态度及原因，最后介绍多哈回合WTO争端解决机制议题中有关"法庭之友"的问题。

On the basic of it chatter of cutting processes is analyzed by speed feedback and displacement delaying feedback and curial condition of stability cutting is discussed. Secondly, dynamic model of deep-hole drilling system with the two degrees of freedom are established in the light of principles of machining chatter in cutting processes.

本文针对深孔加工系统的特点，首先分析了深孔加工的力学特性，并在此基础上，根据金属切削中的颤振现象，对金属切削过程中由于速度反馈和位移延时反馈所引起的颤振现象进行了分析，并分别讨论了稳定切削的临界条件。

This dissertation focuses on key techniques in data transmission,display and processing.

本文主要讨论在信号采集过程中的数据传输、显示和处理的方法以及实现过程中的关键技术。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。