在算法上

Based on wave propagation feature, this paper analyses 3D seismic migration algorithms such as alternating direction implicit method, LU decomposition method, and inverse operator approach method. The result shows that the alternating direction implicit method is fast but causes distortion in wave field extrapolation and affects image accuracy; however LU decomposition and inverse operator approach methods are fast while holding circular symmetry of wave field, and are promising in oilfield exploration and development.

在波的传播特征分析基础上，对交替方向隐式法、LU分解法、逆算子逼近法等三维地震偏移算法进行了分析研究，结果表明，交替方向隐式法虽然快捷但是在波场外推中明显产生畸变并影响成像的准确性，而LU分解和逆算子逼近法是保持波场圆对称特征前提下的快速算法，在油田勘探开发中具有较好的应用前景。

With the advancement of science and technology, some new theories and new ways emerged gradually, some of them merged with specific theoretical tools, this specific theoretical tools include mathematical morphology, fuzzy techniques, neural networks, wavelet and so on. Secondly, in this paper, it described and analyzed the segmentation method based on the edge in the domain of image segmentation in detail. It did experiments on several edge detection operators using MATLAB, it summarized the advantage and the shortcoming of traditional edge detection operators, and the operating environment. On the basis of the experimental analysis, it implemented an edge location more precise, more efficient operating speed edge extraction method——Template Vector. In this method, it optimized differential approximate calculation of first differential operators the paper mentioned. After experimented on this edge extraction method, contracted with the traditional methods, the edge outline is extracted more accurately and more exquisitely, furthermore, it retained the object outline furthest, and achieved more satisfied edge extraction result.

其次，对图像分割领域中常用的基于边缘的分割方法进行了详细的研究与分析，对各种边缘检测算子进行了MATLAB环境下的实验，分析总结了各种传统边缘检测算子的优缺点和适应环境，并针对传统边缘检测算子在处理显微图像时的缺陷，在实验分析的基础上研究并实现了一种边缘定位更加精确、运算速度更加快捷的边缘提取方法——模板向量算法，在该算法中，对文章提到的一阶微分算子中微分的近似计算作进一步优化，经过对该边缘提取方法进行实验，其结果与传统方法相比，轮廓提取更为精确细腻，且最大程度的保留了图像中物体(目标个体或者明显噪声点)的轮廓，得到了比较理想的边缘提取效果。

In the elliptic curve binary field,it needs less computation amount for that the Montgomery algorithm only computes the x coordinate in the whole course and gets the y coordinate in the last step.

在椭圆曲线二进制域上，Montgomery算法利用在计算kP过程中只需计算x坐标，在最后才恢复y坐标的特性，使该算法的计算量更少。

Secondly, based on the characteristic of two dimensional chrominance histogram of the skin color, an adaptive algorithm is proposed.

在Hsu R L的统计模型的基础上，提出了一种自适应检测算法，该算法根据肤色值在非线性变换后的色度空间的二维直方图分布，自动确定肤色模型的位置，从而能更加准确地描述肤色在一幅图像中的分布情况。

Firstly, we introduce the basic theory and methods for realization of SOFM. Subsequently we improve the arithmetic and implement the feature extraction of raw data using K-L translation, select the eigenvector. Combining C-avarage and ISODATA arithmetic, classify the eigenvector, according to the methods of this dissertation, in lower layer, set nerve cell and unite or delete nerve cells in middle layer, to improve the anti-huise- and robust.

论文首先介绍了SOFM的基本原理和实现方法，接着在其基础上对具体算法进行改进，用K-L变换对原始数据进行特征提取，选取出特征变量，结合C-均值和ISODATA算法对特征变量进行预分类，按照本文中介绍的方法在底层预置神经元，在中间层对神经原进行合并和删除，加强了该网络的抗干扰性和稳定性。

Based on such consideration, a strong texture description operator used in computer vision called local binary patterns is introduced. In this paper, the classic LBP method is enhanced from three aspects for facial expression recognition: image data, constructing feature way and the way of combining all extracted features.

基于以上几点考虑，本文引入了在图形学中具有很强描述纹理能力的局部二元模式(Local Binary Patterns，LBP)算法，改进了其中的三点对表情识别不利的因素：(1)将原图像经过小波包分解并在其它频率图像为零的情况下重构，得到了四幅与原图像大小相等的不同频率图像，在一定程度上增加了原图像的数据，改进了原算法数据量不足的问题。

For example, the Maximum Membership Function Principle is proposed in Chapter 2 on which the presently"scattered" ones among fuzzy mathematical operations for fuzzy control methods such as the acquisition of fuzzy relation, the composition of fuzzy relations and the fuzzy set projection algorithms can be unified to within a common theoretic frame; the geometric criterion for the redundant design parameters is developed for a class of fuzzy supervisory control algorithm in Chapter 4; such concepts as the metric equivalent distance between fuzzy rules are defined to realize the highly efficient reasoning process; consequently the strategy and algorithm for a dynamically commissioned fuzzy controller is given.

如在第二章中，提出了最大隶属度原则，从而将现有模糊控制方法中诸如模糊关系的获得、模糊关系的合成、模糊集的投影等"零碎"模糊数学运算统一到一个共同的理论框架之中；在第四章中，还针对一类模糊监督控制算法推导了其冗余设计参数的几何选取准则；为实现高效推理过程而定义了模糊规则间的距离当量等概念，在此基础上，提出了动态构造模糊控制器的策略和算法。

This paper mainly discusses the Han Character Internal Codes recognition algorithms in the Multi-lingual Environment, and provides four recognition algorithms, such as Internal Code Bound Recognition Algorithm, Interpunction Recognition Algorithm, Han Character Frequency Recognition Algorithm and Semantic Recognition Algorithm.

在此基础上，本文对不同的识别算法进行分析和评估。在对目标样本的测试中，以上算法的识别率最高可以达到 99 9%以上。1 前言汉字内码向ISO/IEC 1 0 6 46过渡是必然的趋势，但这需要一个较长的过渡期，在这期间计算机内将存在多种标准不一，互不兼容的内码，称之为多文种的环境[1] 。

Synchronized phasor measurements is a new developing technology in power system dynamic stability monitoring. It can effectively characterize the dynamic behavior of power system, directly perceived features, it reduces memory requirement and facilitate the postprocessing with the ability of improving efficiency, it provides an effective on-line analytic method for people working on power system.

本文对电力系统同步相量动态测量系统的建立和应用做出了积极贡献，在系统评述前人研究成果的基础上，给出了视在相角和视在频率的定义，提出了在线快速相量测量算法，并将几种自适应测频算法进行了比较，建立了基于GPS的电力系统全网同步时钟，完成了相应的动态监测装置及其动模实验。

Architecture description languages and their accompanying toolsets have been proposed as the answer. The XYZ/E is an executable linear temporal logic language. It can represent both dynamic and static semantics of systems. Basing on XYZ/E, the executable linar temporal logic language, we provide an architecture description language XYZ/ADL, which can represent both high-level abstract specification and the concrete implementation, thereby provides premise for the smooth transition from specification to implementation. And it can represent both the specification and the inner structure of a component under the unified logic framework, owing to the representability of the XYZ/E.

本项目研究旨在根据XYZ系统的特性，在时序逻辑语言XYZ/E的基础上，提出一种支持在XYZ系统中设计软件体系结构的描述语言XYZ/ADL，使之不仅能够对软件体系结构进行精确的形式化描述，而且为对其进行求精、验证、演化和分析提供基础，从而能在统一的时序逻辑框架下描述组件的规范和它的内部结构，并逐步过渡到最后的算法实现，从而能够支持软件开发设计的逐步求精全过程，把原有的两种支持软件开发的方法即支持模块化程序设计的方法和支持从规范到算法实现的逐步求精的方法有机地结合起来。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新