在生长发育中

The virtual metamer with inbuilt physiological status and procedures, capability of dynamic deformation and reasoning can autonomously respond to environmental heterogeneity.

论文工作的特殊贡献在于将人工生命、机器学习、智能计算、仿真技术、植物学、植物生理学、系统生物学等理论、方法与技术整合到虚拟植物智能生理引擎中，能够在专家数据支持有限的情况下自动地学习、发现植物生长的规律，用相对简单的生理过程和规则产生植物生长发育的复杂智能行为，为虚拟植物提出了新的研究方法和建模方式。

In many cases, ephrins act as negative regulators that stimulate growth cone collapse and inhibit neurite outgrowth.

在许多例子中，ephrin对於神经的发育扮演著负向的调控者，它们能够刺激神经生长锥的萎缩而抑制神经纤维的生长。

After spraying 3 kinds of growth regulators PBO,PP333 and GA_3 after full bloom,the concentration of which was 50 mg/L,the content of soluble sugar,titratable acid,soluble solid substance,vitamin C,and flesh hardness,fruit shape index,stone cell content were analyzed,and the content of IAA,GA_3,ZR and ABA in young fruit was determined by means of ELISA method to probe the dynamic change of the endogenous hormones during the fruit development.

在此基础上，于盛花期喷施浓度均为50 mg/L的生长调节剂PBO、PP333、GA_3，对各处理果实可溶性糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物含量及果肉硬度、果形指数和果实石细胞含量进行分析；采用酶联免疫吸附法测定了幼果生长发育过程中IAA、GA_3、ZR和ABA含量的动态变化。

This paper gives introduction on measures of Rooting- zone restriction. The theoretical basis (Above and below ground correlation、Local root nutrition、Growth redundancy)、Rooting-zone restriction to the growth and development of plants、Rooting-zone re- striction RZ...

本文介绍了园艺作物限根栽培的措施和理论，依据地上和地下相关性、根系局部营养生长冗余、限根对植株生长发育的影响、限根的生理反应和作用机制以及限根技术的应用等方面探讨了其在蔬菜栽培中的应用。

More than 100 years ago, the phenomenon of vernalization was observed.

通过模式植物拟南芥的研究，已经识别和分离了许多与开花有关的基因，而这些基因如何在植物生长发育过程中进行特定时空的表达及调控是植物生长转变研究的热点。

Cells growing aerobically are exposed to reactive oxygen species generated during metabolism.

生物在正常生长代谢过程中，会产生活性氧化物质(reactive oxygen species， ROS)，做为讯息传导分子，帮助生物抵抗逆境，顺利进行生长发育。

The results showed that compared with traditional fluorite and phosphorous slag, phosphorous slag composite mineralizer was effective on reducing amount of f-CaO in cement clinker and improving burnablity of raw meals, but the effect was still obvious when sintering temperature and sintering time were increasing. The analysis of XRD, SEM and petrographic structure showed that phosphorous slag composite mineralizer decreased viscosity of liquid, promotes the formation of Alite in clinker and improves crystal form and size of minerals.

结果表明，与传统的萤石和磷渣矿化剂相比，磷渣与萤石复合的矿化剂可有效降低水泥熟料中游离氧化钙的含量，改善生料的易烧性；在燃烧温度与时间增加的情况下，改善作用仍然明显；通过XRD、SEM与岩相结构分析表明，磷渣与萤石的复合矿化剂降低了液相的粘度，促进了A矿的生长，对矿物的结晶形态有改善作用，有利于晶体尺寸的生长发育。

In this research, the pubertal five-week-old SD rats were chose as experimental object to establish the animal model for simulating maxillary protraction, on which was imposed the orthopedic force of 85g with utilizing the self-devised maxillary protraction appliance. Located lateral X-ray cephalograms were taken to measure and analyze the changes of maxillary development after exerting the orthopedic force for 4 weeks. The technique of immunohistochemistry was used to investigate theexpression of TGF-, in frontomaxillary sutures and palatomaxillary sutures with identical force performing for different extent of time. The average hue was selected as indicator, which was measured by the means of the analysis system of pathological color images. The measuring data were analyzed by the one-way ANOVA in software SPSS 11.0 version.

本研究采用自行设计的上颌前牵引装置，以生长发育期5周龄SD大鼠为实验对象，施加85g的矫形力，建立了模拟上颌前牵引的动物模型，通过X线头影测量分析，观察施力4周后上颌骨的生长发育情况；应用免疫组织化学技术，检测同一力值作用不同时段下TGF-β_1在上颌骨的额颌缝、腭颌缝的表达，彩色病理图象分析系统测定每张切片中阳性染色细胞的平均灰度值，结果采用SPSS 11.0进行方差分析。

There are limitative resources during the plant whole life, so the plant has to allocate resources between growth and reproduction.

由于植物在整个生长发育阶段中可利用的资源总量有限，因此存在着生长、存活和繁殖间的资源分配问题。

Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. It plays an important role during myogenic differentiation.

肌肉生长抑制素是一种抑制动物骨骼肌生长发育的负调控因子，在肌细胞的形成过程中有着重要的生理功能。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。