在生长发育中

Transforming growth factor-β is a multifunctional cytokine with widespread distribution in body.Its biological effects are different according to different tissue,which includes the regulation of embryogeny,allelotaxy,tissue repair and body immune.Transforming growth factor-beta-β has been the study target of human aging.

转化生长因子-β是一类多功能细胞因子，在体内分布广泛，在不同器官的细胞中有着不同的生物学效应，其涉及到胚胎发生、器官发育、组织修复以及机体免疫等调节过程，该细胞因子已经成为衰老研究的一个靶点。

A study by researchers at the university found that at low levels comparable to those measured in the Canadian environment, fewer tadpoles reached the froglet stage and the ratio of females to males increased.

从渥太华大学的研究人员所做的一项研究中可以发现，与在加拿大的生态环境中生长的青蛙相比，本地青蛙可比性较低，更少的蝌蚪发育成青蛙，雌性青蛙与雄性青蛙的比率也上升了。

The vasa gene expression pattern during oogenesis of zebrafish was examined using in situ hybridization and fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR.

原位杂交结果表明：在卵母细胞生长、发育的过程中，第Ⅱ期卵母细胞的细胞质中vasa mRNA大量表达。

Virtual Plant is newly risen study field with rapid development of software and hardware of computer and advancement information technology. It is based on computer and can simulate the course of development and upgrowth of plants in three-dimension by Virtual Reality, and possess of three-dimensional and visual effect.

虚拟植物是随着计算机软、硬件技术及信息技术的进步而迅速发展起来的新兴研究领域，它是以计算机为基础，利用虚拟现实技术在计算机上模拟植物在三维空间中的结构发育及生长过程，具有三维化效果和可视化功能。

Once the panicle stops developing, all anthers are in developing from 4th stage to early binucleate for about 1 month.

台湾泡桐之花粉发育与花序之开展有关，当花序中花芽仍处在继续生长状态时，花粉母细胞、四分子及单核初期至中期均可在同一花序之花芽中观察到。

In Aspergillus, this pathway is essential for even nuclear distribution along fugal hyphae. In mammals, emerging evidence shows that it may be important for mitosis, neuronal differentiation, and migration.

在神经细胞中，Nude1会被神经系统特异的一个重要的激酶Cdk5／p35磷酸化，Cdk5／p35对于大脑皮层发育过程中神经轴突的生长、定向、成束和迁移都非常重要。

We initiated a genetic screen for Drosophila olfactory genes by means of SG18.1-Gal4/UAS system: The result validates our screen as an rapid, effective approach for recovering genes controlling glomerular map patterning; From a misexpression screen of 1,515 P{GS} lines, we identified 23 genes that, when forcibly expressed in the olfactory receptor neurons, disrupted the stereotyped anatomy of the Drosophila antennal lobes; These genes, which have not been shown previously to control olfactory map development, encode novel proteins as well as proteins with known roles in axonal outgrowth and cytoskeletal remodeling.

本文首次利用SG18.1-Gal4／UAS基因筛选系统对果蝇嗅觉基因进行了筛选和鉴定：结果表明，所采用的方法可以快速、有效地分离到果蝇嗅觉相关基因；从1515株果蝇P{GS}品系分离到86株突变体，其中40株有明显表型，从中鉴定了23个基因，这些基因在ORN强迫表达时可以损坏果蝇嗅叶的固有结构；在筛选中发现的一些调节嗅觉图谱发育的基因可以编码新蛋白或编码参与轴突生长和细胞骨架重塑的蛋白；为了便于研究，根据基因的功能和所编码蛋白的特点，我们对分离到的基因进行了分类，即参与轴突引导和突触产生、调节转录、调节细胞骨架和功能未确定或未知的基因；并通过对嗅觉感觉器的检测发现，除了调节转录的基因外，其他基因对触觉器的数量和分布影响不明显。

We found that 1 mutant EG4 cells showed typical characteristics of pluripotent stem cells which had no obvious difference with wild cells; 2 When induced by 10〓 M retinoic acid , mutant EG4 cells differentiated into adipocytes with high frequency compared with mutant cells, suggested that EGFR plays a role in adipocyte differentiation; 3 when injected into nude mice, mutant teratocarcinomas contained a large amount of connective tissues as well as skeletal muscle, while wild EG4 cells produced frequently cartilage, keratinocyte and neuroepithelium.

我们建立了稳定表达胞内区功能缺失的外源EGFR cDNA片段的EG4细胞，分析其生长分化特性，发现 1）突变型细胞可在未分化状态下维持长时间的增殖，表明EGFR对EG多能干细胞表型无明显影响；2）〓 M的维甲酸A(retinoid acid A，RA)诱导后，大部分对照组细胞分化为脂肪细胞，而突变型细胞分化为脂肪细胞的比例明显较少，表明EGFR在脂肪细胞的发育分化中具有一定的调节作用；3）畸胎瘤切片分析显示，突变型瘤组织分布有大量的未分化细胞和结缔组织，分化细胞以肌肉细胞为主；对照组瘤组织含丰富的角质上皮、软骨、神经管等依赖EGFR的分化组织。

C released ratio from sowing and transplanting rice ecosystems were 58\^0%～75\^0%,most of which was in form of volatilizing 14 C, a part of which existed in soil, and only a small part was absorbed by rice seedlings and inhibited the growth.

在 1、2、3、4、6μg/ g土14C BR0 中，于直播水稻和移栽苗(4μg/ g土14C BR0 )分别经 3 9d和 2 9d后，14C释出率分别达 75 0 %、68 7%、62 6%、5 8 0 %及 70 4 %。其中绝大部分以挥发性态14C逸走，其次存留在土壤中，少量被秧苗吸收，并能抑制秧苗的发育生长。

PL could maintain cellular membrane integrity,induce the oxidative damage to biomembrane by free radicle and improve antioxygen ability and ATPase activity of larval fish.5 Effect of phospholipid supplementation in formulated microdiets on foregut and liver histological changes of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco larvaePurpose:This study was undertaken to determine the effect of commercial PL supplementation in formulated microdiets on foregut and liver histological changes of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco larvae,which can further investigated the mechanism of the growth-promoting effect of PL with the study of histology and digestive physicalogy.

磷脂能够维持黄颡鱼仔稚鱼细胞膜的完整性，降低自由基对生物膜的过氧化损伤，提高机体抗氧化系统的活力和ATP酶活性。5饲料中不同磷脂添加水平对黄颡鱼仔稚鱼前肠和肝脏组织学的影响目的：研究在实际配方的人工微粒饲料中添加商品大豆磷脂对黄颡鱼仔稚鱼消化肠道肝脏器官发育及脂肪消化吸收的影响，进一步从组织学消化生理角度揭示磷脂对仔稚鱼促生长作用机理。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。