在溶液中

In this thesis, researches have been made on the structure of membrane protein and the process of protein aggregation and disaggregation by employing the two advantages of atomic force microscopy : nanometer resolution in liquids and in situ observation following a biological dynamical process during a long period. This thesis consists of four parts.

本论文利用原子力显微镜能够在溶液中观察生物大分子的结构并可以达到纳米级分辨率和能够在近生理的环境中对生物样品的活性过程进行跟踪观察的两大优势分别对膜蛋白的结构和蛋白质积聚、解聚的过程进行了研究。

It was showed that the adhesive strength of the PVAc in solution was larger than that in emulsion.

结果表明，聚醋酸乙烯醋浓度的增加，在乳液中不如在溶液中对粘接强度的增进作用来得大。

The surface activity dose joins the queen, since jointly there is the water loving base group in the surface activity dose and detest the water base group in molecular structure , the pole is as a result easy to wind notable lessening menstruum surface tension from inside transition to interface in the solution.

液体分子在和空气等接触的表面会形成一层特殊的结构，表现为表面张力或表面能。表面活性剂加入后，由于表面活性剂分子结构中合有亲水基团和憎水基团，因而在溶液中极易从内部跃迁到界面上显著降低溶剂的表面张力。

These interactions often result in formation of insoluble and noncrystalline protein assemblies.

一些生物大分子，如膜蛋白，蛋白质复合体，蛋白质纤维等，在生命过程中起着极为重要的作用，但是由于难以得到这些生物分子的单晶以及它们在溶液中的低溶解度，用X-ray和液体NMR很难得到它们的结构。

In these solvents there is an equilibrium for 2-(2-mercaptophenyl)benzoxazole in the ground state between E1 and K, and the equilibrium shifts toward the tautomer K as the polarity of the solvent increases.

在溶液中，随着溶剂极性的增强，醇式异构体E1与K之间的反应平衡向K方向移动，在非极性溶剂环己烷中， E1为优势构型，而在强极性水溶液中， K为优势构型。

The anion of cyclopentadiene rapidly decomposes in air, and iron chloride although reasonable stable in

环茂二烯阴离子在空气中会迅速分解，虽然氯化亚铁在固态时还算稳定，但是它在溶液中很容易被氧化

It was observed that not only histidine, but also histidine-Co and histidine-Ni could induce and substitute some Cu and Zn from Cu_2Zn_2SOD, eventually influence the activity of this metalloenzyme. Histidine- metal ion complexes have stronger ability than histidine to displace the bound metal ion from SOD. In addition, the amount of foreign metal ion binding to the SOD was less than that of metal ion lost from SOD. It obviously means that there was apoenzyme in the solution.

实验结果表明： Cu2Zn2SOD酶不仅与组氨酸，而且还可以与组氨酸－CoⅡ）和组氨酸－Ni(Ⅱ相互作用，Cu2Zn2SOD酶中的部分Cu和Zn被诱导和置换出来，并相应地影响了酶的活性；组氨酸－金属离子配合物的作用比组氨酸强，酶活性降低也更明显；酶中结合的外来金属离子的量比从酶上被诱导和顶替下来的金属离子的量要少，说明在溶液中有脱辅基酶的存在。

The ionization constant of H2CO3 is much higher than that of H2S in the solution , whereas the mole of CO2 is much lower than that of H2S in the sour gas of Feixianguan Formation.

在溶液中碳酸的电离常数大大高于氢硫酸，飞仙关组高含硫气藏天然气组分中的CO2相对于H2S的质量亏损和储层中有富轻碳的高温方解石充填晚期溶孔、裂缝表明储层中的晚期溶解作用是由硫酸盐热还原过程中生成的CO2引起的。

The results of its intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence phase diagram showed that when the guanidine hydrochloride concentration in denaturation solution was about 1.0 mol/L, there existed a partially folded intermediate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase during its unfolding procedure, which followed a three-state model; the result of its fluorescence probe showed that when the guanidine hydrochloride concentration in denaturation solution was about 1.0 mol/L, there existed some stable hydrophobic regions, which could interact with a hydrophobic reagent 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid, in the partially folded intermediate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase; and the results of fluorescence quenching using acrylamide and potassium iodide as quenchers showed the distribution of Trp residues in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase in different denaturation solution, with the maximum number (8) of tryptophan residues in a partially folded intermediate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase molecule could be quenched by potassium iodide; and the results of their protein electrophoresis and SEC showed that no aggregate or aggregate precipitation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase formed during the whole unfolding procedure of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase induced by guanidine hydrochloride.

内源荧光光谱和荧光相图结果表明，当变性液中盐酸胍浓度约为1.0 mol/L时，芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶的去折叠过程中出现一个部分折叠中间体，其去折叠过程符合&三态模型&；荧光探针结果表明，在溶液中盐酸胍浓度约为1.0 mol/L时，中间态芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子中存在着能够与探针分子1-苯胺基-8-萘磺酸结合的稳定的疏水区域；荧光猝灭研究给出了不同程度变性的淀粉液化芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶中的Trp的分布情况，结果表明中间态芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子中能够被碘化钾猝灭的位于分子表面的色氨酸残基数目达到最大的8个；蛋白电泳和体积排阻色谱结果表明，在盐酸胍诱导的芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子的整个去折叠过程中，不会以共价键或非共价键形式形成芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子之间的集聚体或集聚体沉淀。

The photodegradation kinetics of novel ferrocenyl azo dye and corresponding azo dye solution has been studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy.

本文还研究了含二茂铁基偶氮染料及相应的偶氮染料溶液的光降解动力学，在溶液中它们的光降解反应遵循零级动力学模型。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。