在海上

So the article intends to combine some naval battles' practices, try to discuss these questions below: Discussing the concept of blockage on the sea, and the law origin, legitimacy, main style and basic problem etc, how the legality puts availably into practicing blockage on the sea, drawing lessons from experience of the history study, and discuss the means of the delimitation in blockader area, the legal power of establish the blockader and relief it.

有鉴于此，本文拟结合若干海战实践，从理清海上封锁的概念、适用法律渊源、合法性、主要样式及特点等基本问题入手，围绕如何合法有效地实施海上封锁，借鉴历史上海上封锁的经验教训及相关理论研究成果，着重研讨在封锁区的划定与建立、封锁成立的基本条件、封锁的手段和方法、对破坏封锁的认定与处理、封锁的权限与解除中的国际法若干问题。

Firstly, the author starts with the basic theories of limitation of liability for maritime claims, giving descriptions of the concept of limitation of liability for maritime claims, its generation and development, its basic content and its connection with the unit limitation of liability. Basing on which and by comparing with the principle of full compensation of the traditional system of liability for civil damages, the author analyzes the unique principle of limited compensation of the system of limitation of liability for maritime claims and acknowledges the positive role such principle takes in the carriage by sea, international trade, marine insurance and salvage at sea.

首先，笔者从海事赔偿责任限制的基本理论入手，对海事赔偿责任限制的概念、形成和发展、基本内容及其与单位赔偿责任限制的关系进行了阐述；并在此基础上，通过对比传统民事损害赔偿制度的全面赔偿原则，分析了海事赔偿责任限制所特有的限制赔偿原则，并肯定了这一特点对海上运输、国际贸易、海上保险、海上救助的积极作用。

PSO is a population-based optimization algorithm, which mimics the social behavior of animals in a flock. It makes use of individual and group memory to update each particle position allowing global and local search optimization. The objective function considered was the total weight of the structure subjected to stresses, displacements and forces constraints. The effects of the parameters were investigated as well and such combination of tuning parameters promote a better global search behavior avoiding premature convergence while rapidly converging to the optimal solution. Results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing with ANSYS Design Optimization Tool (zero-order method). The PSO with the tuning parameters makes it an ideal method for offshore wind turbines foundations optimization tasks.(2) A reliability analysis method for pile foundation bearing axial loads based PSOThe performance function of pile foundation's axially bearing capacity sometimes is nonlinear and complex, on the basis of geometric meaning of structural reliability index, an optimum model with PSO for structural reliability analysis under arbitrary random variables was established, The PSO algorithm is very efficient to solve global optimization problemsIts use in structural reliability field presents not only the advantage of its facility of implementation, but also the possibility to obtain the design point and the failure probability with a good accuracy. In addition, PSO is a zero order algorithm, for no derivative is necessary for its implementation.

本文的研究针对桩式海上风机基础结构的特点，在国内外有关研究成果的基础上对海上风机基础结构优化设计理论和可靠度方法一些相关问题进行了较为深入的研究，具体做了以下几个方面的工作：(1)基于粒子群优化的桩式海上风机基础确定性优化设计方法桩式海上风机基础的优化设计是一个复杂的、非线性约束的优化问题，针对传统的基于梯度信息的优化方法在处理非线性问题中易陷入局部最优解的问题，本文将一种耦合惩罚函数的PSO算法引入到海上风机基础结构概念设计中，PSO算法是从群体动物聚集觅食这一活动中受到启发而发展的，该算法利用个体和群体的信息共享不断改进自身的位置从而进行局部和全局最优搜索，本文中以桩和三脚架连接段直径及壁厚为设计变量，以基础总重量作为优化的目标函数，在给定的约束条件下建立了三脚架基础优化数学模型，另外本文还研究了PSO参数变化对结果的影响，协调的参数组合可以避免陷入早熟收敛而能够快速的获得全局的最优解，通过与ANSYS优化模块的计算结果比较验证了该方法的有效性，本方法为海上风机基础的确定性设计提供了一条有效的途径。

The eighth part-- To discuss about the styles and mass medias of the remuneration of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works.in order to expose the livelihood about the artists through the remuneration and the acceleration of the remuneration in the process of commercialization of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works,the problems existing in the process and the inspiration of the renumeration about the present market of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works.

结语探讨了书画润例的表现形式与传播方式的变迁过程，揭示了海上书画润例折射出的书画家的生存状态以及海上书画润例在书画商品化进程中的作用、海上书画润例在商品化进程中存在的问题及润例对当代书画市场的启示。

Meanwhile, as the performing party during carriage of goods by sea performs or undertakes to perform any of the carrier"s responsibilities under a contract of carriage of goods by sea which is regulated by compulsory law, in order to maintain the legal relation"s stability in the shipping field, the performing party during carriage of goods by sea should burden some carriers legal compulsory obligations under the contract of carriage of goods by sea, which will breach the doctrine of privity of contract in the relations between it and cargo owners.

同时，由于海上货物运输中的履约方履行或承诺履行的是承运人运输合同项下的义务，而运输合同受强制法律的调整，为了维护海上货物运输法律关系的稳定，需要将承运人在运输合同项下的某些法定的权利义务赋予海上货物运输中的履约方，从而在其与货方的关系上实现了合同相对性原则的突破。

Presence of multiples leads to poor quality in main stages of offshore seismic data processing, such as velocity analysis, stacking and imaging. Three basic multiple attenuating methods are reviewed; and a more effective multiple attenuator is achieved by joining them. As the first step, shot or receiver records are extrapolated by wave-equation datum algorithms. The extrapolation will establish a model of waterbottom multiples. Waterbotton multiples will then be removed by subtracting the extrapolated records from the original records. After that, predictive deconvolution is used to attenuate the multiples created by source ghost. Finaly, RADON transformation is adopted to separate peg-leg multiples and residual water-bottom multiples from the original data in the τ-p domain.

地震勘探尤其是海上地震勘探中存在着各类多次波，由于多次波的存在严重影响了速度分析、叠加、偏移成像等地震资料处理，海上多次波主要有全程多次波和层间多次两大类，为了压制海上不同类型的多次波，本文首先分析波场外推、预测反褶积和拉东变换衰减不同多次波的理论基础，然后联合采用这些方法，分别衰减全程多次波和层间多次波；即：首先对炮记录或者接收点记录进行波场外推，建立海底多次波模型，预测并减去全程多次波，然后利用预测反褶积衰减掉周期性明显的多次波，最后将数据转换到τ-p 域，用拉冬变换根据同一时间多次波和有效波在速度等方面的差异，进一步分离层间多次波和剩余的全程多次波，并在该域中切除分离出的多次波，从而实现联合多次波衰减处理。

On the basis of comparing the relative provisions of CMC and CIL, according to the basic theories of contract law, insurance law and marine insurance law, by reference to the Marine Insurance Act, 1906, laws in some other countries and clauses of marine insurance contract, the author analyzes in this paper the provisions of definition of marine insurance contract, disclosure, warranty, principle of indemnity, double insurance, subrogation, and modification, transfer and cancellation of marine insurance contract as well as rights and duties of the insurer and the insured. The author points out those provisions which are either duplicate, imperfect or reasonable in CMC and CIL, draws the conclusion which provisions shall be deleted, which provisions shall be modified and, if so, how they shall be modified.

本文以比较《海商法》与《保险法》相关规定为基础，结合合同法、保险法和海上保险法的基本理论，适当参照英国《1906年海上保险法》及其他一些国家的规定，并适当参考海上保险合同条款，对我国《海商法》海上保险合同的规定是否应引入投保人的概念，如何规定海上保险合同的定义，告知义务，保证义务，损失补偿原则，重复保险，保险人的代位求偿权，海上保险合同的变更、转让与解除，以及保险人和被保险人的权利义务等问题，进行了详细深入的研究，分析了《海商法》相关规定与《保险法》的重复之处、规定不完善之处以及规定合理之处，并在此基础上，进一步分析了哪些规定应当删除，哪些规定应当修改以及如何修改。

Grand Admiral Doenitz had promised the Fuehrer that the new electro- U-boats would provide a miracle at sea, once more wreak ing havoc on the British-American lifelines in the North Atlantic

海军元帅邓尼茨曾经向元首保证，新的用电力发动的潜水艇能在海上创造奇迹，再度给北大西洋上的英美生命线以沉重打击。

However, we do know that Enlil is the Lord of the Waters, and that he built his home on the Sea.

然而，我们确实知道enlil是上帝的水域，并表示，他建立了他的家在海上。

However, we do know that Enlil is the Lord of the Waters, and that he built his home on the Sea.

但是，我们知道是基督的enlil水域而他家建在海上。

What would he tell Judith and the children?

他将怎样告诉朱迪丝和孩子们呢？

I this is at that time, the opinion with peacockish true girl is full of in a heart.

这就是当时的我，一个心中布满虚荣的女孩子真实的想法。