在没有...的情况下

B Benefit and detriment Historically, the mon law action of debt was said to require a quid pro quo, and that requirement may have led to statements that consideration must be a benefit to the promisor But contracts were enforced in the mon-law action of assumpsit without any such requirement; in actions of assumpsit the emphasis was rather on the harm to the promisee, and detrimental reliance on a promise may still be the basis of contractual relief See 90 But reliance is not essential to the formation of a bargain, and remedies for breach have long been given in cases of exchange of promise for promise where neither party has begun to perform Today when it is said that consideration must involve a detriment to the promisee, the supposed requirement is often qualified by a statement that a "legal detriment" is sufficient even though there is no economic detriment or other actual loss It is more realistic to say simply that there is no requirement of detriment

b收益和损害。从历史来看，普通法上的债的行为被认为要求一个等价物，而且这一要求还可能导出这样的结论：约因必须是允诺人获益。但在缺乏这一要求的契约在普通法上的违约之诉中仍然得到执行；在违约之诉中，强调的是对受允诺人的损害，而且对允诺的有害依赖可能仍然是契约救济的基础。参见第90条。但是信赖对协商的成立并非必要性因素，而且在任何一方当事人均未开始履行的允诺交换允诺的案例中，早已规定了违约救济。现在，当有人认为约因必须包括一个对于受允诺人的损害时，其假设的要求经常由此表述得以满足："一个"法律上的损害即使在没有经济损害或者其他实际损失的情况下仍然是充分的。认为没有对于损害的要求的主张是更加现实的。

During the initial space flights, NASA discovered that biro pens didn't work under zero gravity conditions.

在初期的太空任务，NASA发现在没有地心引力的情况下是没有办法写字的。

Maestro, do me a favour, he said in Korean, backing off the stage to leave the orchestra to play Bizet's Farandole without him.

他用朝鲜语说："大师，帮忙指挥一下。"然后退下舞台，让乐队在没有他的情况下，独立演奏了比才的《法郎多尔舞曲》。

These patients, however, did have an increase in their production of the hormone epinephrine.

研究人人员声称他们发现在人和豿同时探望的一组中有24％病情减轻，而仅仅只有人参与探望的一组中只有10％病情减轻，没有探望的一组的没有变化，这些病人体内肾上腺素增加了，身体在有压力的情况下制造了肾上腺素。

Maestro, do me a favour, he said in Korean, backing off the stage to leave the orchestra to play Bizets Farandole without him.

他用朝鲜语说："大师，帮忙指挥一下。"然后退下舞台，让乐队在没有他的情况下，独立演奏了比才的《法郎多尔舞曲》。

In that case, a generalisation of this suggested mode of production would be met with strong popular resistance.

在示范作用下，更重要的，完善市场加快产品流通的情况下，作者的建议还是有很大的前景，至少，我在理论上，没有看到它的不足。

Holding these opinions, he could not permit to pass an Act which proposed to reenact the punishment of death without entering his solemn protest against it , and submitting the reasons why he thought it inexpedient that capital punishment should be inflicted.

也基于这些理由，他不能容许一个提议再制定死刑的法案在没有他提出严厉的抗议和在他还没有提出为什么死刑被施行是不适宜的理由的情况下被通过。

A miscalculation would produce big inflation only if the Fed failed to see and react to it.

只有在美联储没有发现和没有做出反应的情况下，计算错误才能引发严重的通货膨胀。

I asked a friend in New Zealand to buy a present, birthday presents ready friends, to March 20 must be in New Zealand March 14 to speed up the hair of a friend EMS (New Zealand Post nzpost the international express), the cost of more than ordinary You want a lot of, odd numbers are ED165238905NZ, their commitment to the hair 2 - 4 working days to reach the recipient, the results are not to leave New Zealand e-mail inquiries, or to stay at Picked up in the status, the reasons for the post office staff are doubt there are no mobile phone and battery separately, instead of opening such a matter, the question now is why do not notify the sender before opening, have not opened after the notice of the sender, as well as whether the hair pieces Human absence can be opened, until today, how e-mail inquiries not arrive its destination, the post office staff to tell the sender, is now away from the pieces of hair over four days, and March 20 also at the can not apologize for referring to the next Tuesday to get to, even what is the point I have ah!!

我在新西兰托朋友买了礼物，准备送人的生日礼物，要在3月20日一定要用，在3月14日新西兰朋友发了加快的EMS（新西兰邮政nzpost的international express），费用比普通的要贵许多，单号是ED165238905NZ，发往中国他们承诺2--4个工作日可到达收件人处，结果现在邮件还没离开新西兰，查询还是停留在在Picked up状态，原因是邮局职员怀疑里面是手机和电池没有分开，拆开后不是这么回事，现在的问题是为什么在拆开之前不通知发件人，还有拆开之后也不通知发件人，还有是否在发件人不在场的情况下可以随便拆封，直到今天查询邮件怎么还没到达目的地时，邮局职员才告诉发件人，现在已经离发件过去了4个工作日，而且3月20日也到不了，道歉说下周二才能到，即使到了我还有什么意义啊！！现在我要投诉请新西兰邮政总部给个说法，并赔偿我的经济个精神损失！

If the bill of lading contains particulars concerning the general nature, leading marks, number of packages or pieces, weight or quantity of the goods which the carrier or other person issuing the bill of lading on his behalf knows or has reasonable grounds to suspect do not accurately represent the goods actually taken over or, where a shipped bill of lading issued, loaded, or if he had no reasonable means of checking such particulars, the carrier or such other person must insert in the bill of lading a reservation specifying these inaccuracies, grounds of suspicion of the absence of reasonable means of checking.

如果承运人或代其签发提单的其他人确知或者有合理的根据怀疑提单所载有关货物的品类、主要标志、包数或件数、重量或数量等项目没有准确地表示实际接管的货物，或在签发&已装船&提单的情况下，没有准确地表示实际装船的货物，或者他没有适当的方法来核对这些项目，则承运人或该类似承运人的其他人必须在提单上作出保留，说明不符之处，怀疑根据，或缺乏适当的核对方法。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。