在困境中

The evolution of development economics is closely related to the development of economic globalization , particularly at the third phase(in 1940's) of economic globalization , during which development economics in modern sense sprang up. Its main research is about how the poverty - stricken agricultural countries or developing countries achieve industrialization. From its appearance to before 1980's, development economics consists of two forming phases of structuralism and neo - classicism. Since 1980's , in the tide of new economic globalization ,development economics has new tendency and is faced with predicaments.

发展经济学的产生与发展和经济全球化的发展有密切的关系，特别是在经济全球化进入第三阶段，即20 世纪40 年代，现代意义上的发展经济学兴起，其主要是研究贫困落后的农业国家或发展中国家如何实现工业化的问题，发展经济学从兴起到80 年代以前，可分为结构主义和新古典主义两个发展阶段。80 年代以来，在新的经济全球化的浪潮中，发展经济学既出现了新的发展趋势，也面临着困境。

Besides, from the point of view of culture research, the thesis elaborates the deep-seated reasons of women's aphemia in media, pointing out dilemma as a harassment which is between the subversion and the construction for feminists of China today.

以此为据，论文从文化分析的角度深入阐释了女性在媒介话语中"不被呈现"的原因，同时指出当代中国新闻传播学中女性主义研究在颠覆与建构之间所面临的困境。

The Third Chengdu Biennial attempts to present objectively the multifaceted process of the development of Chinese contemporary art, to redefine the contemporaneity of this segment of the arts, and to explore the potential inherent in breaking boundaries, so as to increase people's understanding of the interaction between Chinese culture's unique aspects and internationalism and to encourage dialogue between the art and culture of China and that elsewhere.

本次双年展就是试图客观地展示中国当代艺术发展历程中的多元格局中的一个重要部分，重新定义中国当代艺术。在保持自身的创造性的同时，探索突破困境和局限的各种可能性，启动中国当代艺术全面发展的新局面，进而推动中国的文化与艺术同其他文化艺术之间更多的对话和交流。

Chapter one ,it researches the Tibetan women's social history status and real living status, expatiates on the distinctiveness ,contrariety and incomplex of the Tibetan women's social history status. Chapter two, according to the researches on the female characters in the movies of Tibetan theme ,it indicates the Tibetan women's tight corner in the scene ,The women are conquered by the male rights ,civilized by others tribes and told about by the male utterance. They not only encounter losing truth but also experience absence. Chapter three, it analyzes some movies of Tibetan theme. Through some under different regions and cultural backgrounds ,it proves the female's encounters under the main ideology and the male's utterance.

第一章，是对藏族女性社会历史状况和现实生活状况的研究，阐释了藏族女性社会地位特殊性、矛盾性和复杂性；第二章，是对藏族题材电影中的女性形象的研究，表明藏族女性在镜像中的困境，她们被男权政治、异族文化和男性话语的言说，她们既遭遇失真又经历缺席；第三章，是对部分藏族题材电影的个案分析，透过不同地域和文化背景下的藏族题材电影，实证主流意识形态和男权话语下的女性遭遇。

Department of Cultural Studies, Zhejiang Administrative College, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaAbstract: Faust is a genius creation in which Goethe combined artistic, philosophical and religious thinking together to comprehend the fate of human beings and he found out the fates of human beings were both fatalist and causality, both independent and dependent, both positive and passive.

德国启蒙时代的思想巨匠歌德以其伟大而丰富的文学创作，对西欧启蒙运动的发生、发展和终结在德国民族形式中加以艺术概括，形成了贯穿其一生的著名诗剧《浮士德》；该剧以百科全书式的多样性，向世人展现了它所张扬的自强不息精神和生命应在追求、超越中获得升华的理念；同时，它以巨大的勇气和深邃的洞察揭示了人类存在的困境和人性发展的悖论，体现了人类理性的一种普遍的"悲剧性"宿命。

In this dissertation, the author tried to use text interpretation and induction methods to identify the growing tracks of modern intellectual females from feminine writing in the 90's, analyze the paradox they encountered in self-development and intersexual relationships, and explore the characteristics, merits, significances, limitations, and possibilities of feminine writing from a critic point of view.

本篇论文试图在女性主义文学批评理论背景下，秉持深度阐释和自省反思的视角，从文本入手对当代女性写作中反映的关于知识女性在两性关系中个体成长的轨迹、遭遇和困境做出梳理和评析，同时从创作批评的角度对女性成长主题的个人化写作的特征、价值、意义、局限以及可能性进行探讨。

The first part unbearable weightiness in lifeHe experiences unbearable suffering in his life because of his disability, so hemainly employs disable as topic in his early writings to excessively depicthandicapped's painfulness and gloominess which others can not understand and theirdesires to death when pursuing the light in plight, expressing the feelings of despair,haphazard and mysterious but ignore the body's ailment caused by disability.Meanwhile he also expresses that these disabled people are not self-abandoned but tryto seek the way of self-salvation.

第一部分生命之中难以承受的重躯体的残疾使他经历了生命之中难以承受的重，早期作品中多以"残疾"为主题，对由残疾引发的肉体上的病痛投入了微乎其微的关注，而浓墨重彩地描写了残疾人不为常人所理解的苦痛和难以言说的郁闷，以及他们陷入困境之中左右突围难觅光明之途时对死亡的冥想和渴望，并在思忖自身苦难的过程中对命运产生了无可奈何的荒诞感、偶然感和神秘莫测感。

The first part is the introduction, which generally introduces the research purpose and significance of this thesis, the summary of the financial pre-warning researches both home and abroad, and the research main contexts and research methods; The second part is the comparison on the financial pre-warning methods existent, which compares the different methods by categories, makes a further analysis on the limits of existent methods, and proposes the improve thoughts of this research based on that; The third part is the basic theory, which makes a summary of the referent theories exerted on the research, and exposit the comparing mechanism of the grey prediction theory and the artificial neural network method concise; The fourth part is the frame work of the model, which illuminates the research designs step by step, such as the definition of the financial crisis, the method of sample select, the select and definition of the pre-warning variables, and makes an exposition of the establishment procedures of the whole models at last; The fifth part is the financial pre-warning based on the theory of grey prediction and artificial neural network, which mainly demonstrate the model establishment in the concrete, dividing into four part to carry out the part of pragmatic research integrally, building of indexes system, establishment of BP neural networks, dynamic financial pre-warning and test, analysis on the pre-warning result; The sixth part is conclusion, which sums up the main results of the whole research, clarifies the innovative points, and makes a discussion on the limits and future study directions of the research in this thesis.

其中，第一部分为导论，总括性概述本文的研究目的与意义，国内外研究综述，以及本文的研究内容和方法；第二部分为现有财务预警研究方法剖析，通过对现有预警方法进行分类比较，进一步分析现有预警方法的局限性，并在此基础上提出本文研究的改进思路；第三部分基本理论，对本文研究中运用的相关理论进行扼要概述，并简要阐述灰色预测理论与人工神经方法的融合机理；第四部分为模型研究框架，逐步阐释模型对财务困境的界定，样本数据的选取方法，预警变量的选取与定义等各个部分的研究设计，并对整体模型的构建步骤进行简要阐述；第五部分为基于灰色神经网络模型的财务预警，主要论述动态预警模型的具体实现过程，分模型指标体系的建立，BP神经网络的建立，动态财务预警与检验，以及预警结果分析四个部分全面阐述本文实证分析过程；第六部分为结论，总结本文研究得到的主要研究结论，以及本文研究中的创新之处，并对论文的不足与后续发展研究进行探讨。

The thesis is based on income question, forest coverage rate and grop production.to beging with, date envelopment analysis is proved that it can be applicated into grain for green in shan-bei district, and then in view of the fact, seven esential factors which have influence on the project are found out: expense of dam, expense of crop,expense of cash tree ,expense of defense tree,other economic crop,expense of grass and graziery;and the output factors include:income of gdp,pure income per captia,the area of decreasing land loss,graziery income ,crop production,income of tree,the totle income of economic crop.after the date of each facts are puted into dea model,unefficiencial decision making units found.the data that are got through adjusting unefficiencial dmus dy dea can offer guide in shanbei district upgrading of an industrial structure.at the same time ,taking into account some possible problems in or after grain for green in shan-bei district,the thesis bring out some propesal to improve the circumstance,enhance the life level and putthe relation of population,resource and circumstance into a healthy orbit.

论文以解决陕北地区的收入问题，植被问题以及粮食产量问题为出发点，首先从理论上分析了包络分析方法在陕北地区退耕还林中运用的可行性，然后结合陕北地区目前的实际情况，综合分析出影响陕北地区退耕还林的关键的七个因素作为输入指标：水利水保设施投入，农作物投入，经济林种支出，防护林支出，其它经济作物，草类支出，畜牧业投入；以退耕还林所要解决的最终问题作为输出指标：GDP收入、农民人均纯收入、水土流失减少量、牧业总产值、粮食产量、林业总产值、其他经济作物总产值。将各指标所对应的数据代入模型后，通过分析求解得出非有效的决策单元，再运用包络分析方法的一些基本原理对非有效的决策单元进行调整，由此所得的数据对陕北地区的实际投入具有很好的指导意义。同时，又针对陕北地区在退耕还林过程中以及之后可能面临的困境，提出了一些建议和对策。最终使得陕北地区的投资环境尽快得以改善，使农民尽快脱贫致富，使人口、资源、环境的关系尽快纳入良性循环的轨道上。

Thirdly, as to modernity of Chinese literature, based on the discussion of China and the West,tradition and modernity, it reveals their competition in the field of May 4th literature, theconfrontation, respective dilemma and final fusion of the east and west discourse. Finally,viewing the overseas Chinese critics as a whole, this thesis, taking C.T.

第三，在中国文学现代性问题上，以关于中与西、传统与现代的讨论为基础，揭示双方以&五四&文学传统为场域展开的角逐以及在中国文学现代性讨论中的中西话语交锋、各自的困境和最终的融合。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。