在使用中

The Cardo structure could increase the solubility and thermal stability of the resultant polyimide.

通过在聚酰亚胺的主链中引入庞大侧基（9，9-二苯基芴）形成轴状聚酰亚胺，同时提高聚酰亚胺的溶解性和热稳定性；庞大的侧基又能阻止链的堆砌，避免生色团荧光链间淬灭；通过加入第二种二酐单体合成三元缩聚型聚酰亚胺，调控荧光性二酐在聚酰亚胺中的含量，降低生色团在聚酰亚胺中的浓度，来避免生色团荧光浓度淬灭，增加聚酰亚胺的固态荧光量子效率；通过使用热稳定性好的稠环生色团苝和吖啶来避免共轭类生色团（如含双键或三键的生色团）在高温下热交联及氧和水的破坏。

Research results show that: 1 The FLSD is basically path independent whether is for steel or for aluminium; 2 Shape of the forming limit curve in stress space is sensitive to the type of material model used in transformation form FLD to FLSD; 3 the anisotropy of sheet metal has considerable influence on the FLSD; 4 The application of the FLSD in sheet metal processes optimization was considered to be effective and more precise.

钢板和铝板应该分别采用不同的材料模型进行转换。3）板料各向异性性能对板料成形极限有影响，在使用FLSD时应该考虑板料的各向异性情况；4）FLSD在应用于多道次成形零件的有限元分析时，由于其具有的与加载路径无关的特点，因此比通常用的FLD更加准确可靠。本课题的研究为以后在板料成形仿真中，使用应力成形极限曲线代替应变成形极限曲线，提供了理论和试验依据。

This makes more and more people pay more attention to studies and applications of numerical simulation in thermal recovery. In this research, we have developed a reliable mathematical model for thermal recovery, which takes a full consideration of the effect of viscos, gravitical and capillary forces on the three-phase flow of gas, water and oil, the effect of the temperature on the medium characteristics of liquid and solid, the phase equilibrium of gas-liquid in each component, heat transportation including connection, conduction and radiation as well as heat losses in both the overburn and underlying strata. In the space discreation of the mathematical model, we have proposed a new method based on the improvement of the conventional nine-points difference approximation, which has a higher difference accurancy.

本项研究以热力采油的主要机理为基础，充分考虑在粘性力、重力和毛管力作用下油水气三相流动，考虑温度对各种流体和固体介质物性的影响，考虑每一组分中汽液两相的相平衡，考虑热在地层中的传导、对流和辐射以及上下盖层的热损失，利用热力学第一定律、质量守恒定律和流体迁移定律，建立了正确可靠的注蒸汽数学模型；在对数学模型进行空间离散时，利用控制有限体积积分法，对以往的九点差分近似作了合理的改进，使其具有较高的差分近似精度：结果表明，该公式的近似精度要比以往文献中所给的九点差分近似精度高，可以认为，在油藏数值模拟中，如果遇到非均质情况，使用这种九点差分近似更合理。

In use, a coil 92 is connected to the output terminal 16, and driven in an energise mode in which current in the coil 92 is built up as indicated by arrow 100, a freewheel mode in which current circulates freely as indicated by arrow 102, and then may be switched off.

使用中，线圈92与输出端16相连，并且在激励模式和空转模式中被驱动，其中在所述激励模式中，线圈92中电流沿箭头100的指示建立；在所述空转模式，电流沿箭头102指示的方向自由循环，然后切换到关断。

The paper presents how to use the technique of OLE and ARX of AutoCAD to build the geometrical model, the finite element model of the given structure visually and use the template and wizard to build the optimization model of it. During the iterative process of the optimization, the method of tracing visualization and interactive control is also provided. Some examples are given to show the appliance of visualization aided structural optimization. Finally, the work of systematic integration is carried out.

同时论述了在优化建模中运用OLE ARX技术实现可视化地建立优化对象的几何模型，结构有限元模型，以及使用模板和专家向导来辅助建立优化模型；在优化迭代过程中实现了跟踪可视和交互式监控，以具体的例子说明了在可视化技术辅助下的结构优化在工程中的应用。

While Linuxer was still in France, he'd told me about the magic cube and all the cool visual effects you can do with Ubuntu, and I'd gotten one to work on the Edgy partition of my laptop - with an ATI card and Beryl, so I knew that great things could be done with displays.(And, need I say, for free – not like the commercial brand!).

当Linuxer还在法国的时候，他曾经告诉过我你可以在Ubuntu中使用幻立方和所有那些超酷的特效，我曾经在我的笔记本的Edgy分区上实现了这一效果--使用ATI显卡和Beryl，所以，我知道用显示可以做一些很棒的事情（并且我需要特别说明，免费--不像那些商业品牌那样）。

The use of that in nonrestrictive clauses like this, though once common in writing and still frequent in speech, is best avoided in formal style.

That 象这样用于非限定性从句中，虽然在写作中曾很普遍而且在口语中依然频繁出现，但在正式文体中最好避免使用。

In summary, this study provided the practical experience for other science teachers to think how to infuse picture-book into science instruction in order to promote students' motivation for learning science.

在本研究中，学习动机取向为较积极者，在使用绘本式教学后，可以明显看出其学习科学的动机得到提升，而学习动机取向较消极者，在使用绘本式教学后，其学习科学的动机并未得到明显提升。

We investigated the impact of frying temperature and heating time, the content of reducing sugar and amino acid of fresh potatoes, the citric acid content of the blanch juice used for blanching fresh potato slices, the moisture of potato crisps which would be fried, antioxdants and accumulative time be.

结果表明：原料中还原糖和氨基酸含量越高，产品中生成的丙烯酰胺就越多；油炸温度越高，产品中丙烯酰胺含量也相应越高；浸泡液柠檬酸浓度越大，产品中丙烯酰胺含量越低；而随着半成品中含水量的降低，产品中的丙烯酰胺含量也逐渐减少；在油中添加不同浓度的BHT和TBHQ以及采用使用时间不同的油，对加工出来的薯片之间丙烯酰胺含量没有显著的影响。

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation on A Thermoacoustic Engine with Tapered Resonance Tube A symmetrical standing-wave thermoacoustic engine with tapered resonance tube has been numerically simulated with liner thermoacoustics. The simulation shows that using tapered resonance tube in thermoacoustic engine could decrease the velocity amplitude and lower the total acoustic power loss in the resonance tube. The experimental results indicate that the harmonic was suppressed effectively by using the tapered resonance tube, and the pressure ratio was improved.

采用锥形谐振管的热声发动机的数值模拟和实验研究利用线性热声理论，对一台采用锥形谐振管的驻波型热声发动机进行了数值模拟，发现采用锥形谐振管可有效降低工质气体的速度振幅，进而减小在谐振管中声功率的损失；与一台在相同频率下工作的采用等直径圆柱谐振管的驻波型热声发动机进行了实验对比，结果表明，在使用锥形管作为谐振管的热声发动机系统中，谐振管中的非线性效应得到了明显的抑制，热声发动机在基频模式下稳定运行，压比增大而加热温度降低。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。