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Earthworms might be a good bioindicator for the contamination of roxarsone to soil. No significant influence of roxarsone contamination upon the biomass and the reproductive ability of earthworms was found, which indicated that earthworms could tolerate heavy contamination of roxarsone. 2. Effects on the important enzymatic system of earthworms The activities of PROD, BROD and MROD in P450 family were inhibited.

对蚯蚓体内重要酶系统的影响洛克沙胂对P450酶系中的PROD（7-戊氧基异吩噁唑酮-O-脱乙基酶）、BROD（7-苄氧基异吩噁唑酮-O-脱乙基酶）和MROD（7-甲氧基异吩噁唑酮-O-脱乙基酶）的活性都有抑制作用，对MROD的抑制作用最明显；在抗氧化酶系统中，对过氧化氢酶在整个试验进程中都有激活作用，而对其他抗氧化酶有时起激活作用，有时起抑制作用，规律性不明显。

1Niche construction can lead to stable coexistence of diverse genotypes in spatially structured population, which supports a stable polymorphism even without heterozygote superiority.(2)With habitat deterioration, niche construction accelerates the formation of steady polymorphism and hence impedes the harmful influences of environment on the population, which might embody a life-history strategy of organism under the unfavorable environment.(3)Niche construction results in the coexistence with alternative polymorphism through genotype-environment feedback and limited gene flow.(4)The niche-constructing organism is an active force to alter its environment and hence the direction of natural selection in order to better survival.(5)Spatial dynamics and distribution pattern of metapopulation are profoundly influenced by time-lagged niche construction.(6)Metapopulation size can reach a fixed level in the recency effect and equal weighting of time lag but is statistical stability in primacy effect, which implies the primacy effect is most remarkable.(7)The increment in the relative weightingof each generation\' niche construction and the length of time lag are significant factors for system destabilization.(8)Moderate capacity of positive niche construction benefits the metapopulation persistence.(9)The narrowing of niche breadth can decrease the metapopulation size and thereby increase the extinction risk.(10)The coupled function of time lag and niche construction make the system oscillation and generate the spiral wave, spiral-broken and circular wave in heterogeneous habitat.The spatial distributions of metapopulation and resource content are complementary due to a phase lag of their both frequencies.(12)Metapopulation persistence with niche construction depends not only on the balance between colonization and extinction, but also on the balance between the ability of niche construction and natural dissipation of habitat.(13)Metapopula-tion can survive under certain condition when the percent of suitable patches in habitat is lower than the ration of extinction to colonization.(14)Two thresholds exist in the process of transition of habitat quality dynamics from unsuitable to suitable, which include the intensity of niche construction and the initial condition of system.(15)Metapopulation size is positive correlated with the ability of positive niche construction, which means that organism or population who has strongly positive influences on their environment plays an important role to maintain the available habitat.

通过上述几个方面的研究，主要得出以下15条结论：(1)生态位构建可使空间结构种群，甚至是在没有杂合子优势的条件下，形成多种可能的稳定基因型分布模式；(2)随着环境的破坏与恶化，种群的生态位构建作用加速其较早形成稳定多态以阻碍环境对种群的不利影响，解释了有机体在不利环境下的一种生活史对策；(3)生态位构建作用通过基因型—环境反馈机制及有限的基因交流导致基因型多态的稳定共存；(4)有机体的生态位构建作用是一种积极的动力改变环境进而改变其自然选择的方向；(5)生态位构建的时滞作用对集合种群动态和空间分布产生深刻影响；(6)集合种群大小在时滞的崭新效应和等权重效应下达到一固定值，而在首位效应下达到统计稳定，表明首位效应的影响最显著；(7)首位效应下生态位构建相对权重的增量和时滞的长度是影响系统不稳定性动态的关键因素；(8)适中的生态位构建强度有利于集合种群的续存；(9)生态位宽度变窄会减少集合种群的数量从而增加其灭绝风险；(10)时滞和生态位构建的双重作用使系统产生周期振荡，并在异质性环境中产生稳定的螺旋波，破碎的螺旋波和环形波三种分布模式；(11)集合种群与资源含量的空间分布因为相滞而互补；(12)具有生态位构建的集合种群续存不仅取决于侵占率与灭绝率之间的平衡，而且依赖于生态位构建能力同其生境的自然消耗速率之间的妥协；(13)当生境中适合侵占的斑块比例小于其侵占率与灭绝率之比时，生态位构建作用促使集合种群在一定条件下续存：(14)生境斑块的状态从不适合到适合转变过程中存在生态位构建强度和系统初始条件这两个阈值；(15)集合种群的大小同正生态位构建能力正相关，意味着对环境具有较强正作用的有机体对维持有效生境起积极作用。

It can be concluded from the above analysis that at the beginning of language, simple linguistic signs, coming from sound imitation, natural exclamation and morphological stimulation, took a strong feature of iconicity, while arbitrariness still existed to a little extent. With time going by, the primitives had to create more linguistic signs to meet their needs of survival and development, so that they arbitrarily related the sound patterns and concepts to conventionalize them as linguistic signs adopted in the whole society. During this period of time, arbitrariness played a more important role, while iconicity still worked as phenomena of phonaesthesia designate. With society developing, human beings found that it was not enough to create new signs at will, so they began to make use of some principles like compound, derivation, etc. to form new linguistic signs, either simple or complex. The linguistic signs formed during this period of time always took a better disguise to be iconic, while no one until now could defuse the contributions of arbitrariness of their formation. From the above investigations, it can be seen that arbitrariness and iconicity interact in the whole process of language development at the level of lexicon. If there were no arbitrariness, human language could not expand at the very beginning.

因此可做如下推论：在语言产生之初，简单语言符号的产生常常都是有理据的、象似的，但是仍不排除任意性的作用；后来有理据的词无法满足人们生存和发展的要求，人们开始任意地连接声音形象和概念，并约定俗成获得语言符号，此时任意性起主导作用，但是象似性在音义关系中对语言符号的产生起着不可否认的作用；随着社会的发展，人们发现这些词已经不再能满足需要，而创造更多的词也不是很可能，所以人们开始采用一些构词法来创造新的语言符号，此时产生的语言符号往往更具象似性，但其核心仍然是任意的。

Water-rock interaction demonstrates that, a gold-boring formation , i. e., a set of light metamorphic clastic gritstone, sandy slate, and tuffaceous slate in Wuqiang Runnel Formation, Ban Stream Group, act as the source of gold deposits in South-West Hunan. The gold is originally derived from volcanic eruption materials in Wuling-Xuefeng period; for the typical single gold deposit such as Mobin, which is short of sulphide, chlorine is very important in the metallogenic process; sulphur and chlorine perform as the major negative ions to form complex ions with Au throughout the gold activation and migration movement. The complex ion of chlorine and gold may keep stable in a wide range of temperature; the physical-chemical conditions in typical geothermal fluid system are of deciding significance for gold activation, migration and precipitation.

特定体系的水岩实验证实了漠滨及整个湘西南金矿的成矿元素Au和伴生元素主要源于赋矿围岩-板溪群五强溪组的一套浅变质碎屑砂岩、砂质板岩和凝灰质板岩；首次突破传统认识，证明氯在中低温热液体系中能与Au形成稳定络合物的形式进行运移，因此氯在本区Au成矿过程中起着相当重要的作用；成矿热液流体中Au主要以金硫、金氯络合物形式在溶液中迁移，阴离子∑S、Cl〓对金的活化、迁移及沉淀起主导作用，Au的伴生元素As、Sb在热液体系中与Au形成金锑、金砷络合物有利于金的进一步活化、迁移及沉淀；中低温热液流体成矿过程中，体系的物理化学参数对Au的活化、迁移及沉淀富集起决定性作用。

The function mechanism among the minerals and floatation drugs had been studied with the way of IR and academic calculation, which pointed out that absorption of G-4 on the surface of phosphorite belonged to physical and chemical types, but the chemical one was in the highest flight. Absorption of amine collector named GE-609 on the surface of quartz belonged to electrostatic and physical type. Distilled water could hardly wash the GE-609 down from the surface of quartz. Leading component of S-721 was the concentrated compound of naphthol sulfonic acid and formaldehyde. The compound had a stronger affinity to the Mg~(2+) on surface of dolomite than the Ca2+ on surface of phosphorite, which is the essential reason in the separation of phosphorite and dolomite. The leading components of soluble glass in function were HSiO3 hydronium and F^SiC^ colloid granule.

通过红外光谱测定以及理论计算的方法研究了选矿药剂与矿物间的作用机理，研究表明：脂肪酸捕收剂G-4对胶磷矿的捕收作用是以化学吸附为主、化学吸附与物理吸附共同作用的结果；胺类阳离子捕收剂GE-609在石英表面的吸附属于静电物理吸附，但很难用水洗的方法使GE-609从石英表面脱附；S-721主要成分为萘酚磺酸与甲醛的缩合物，萘酚磺酸与甲醛的缩合物对白云石表面Mg~(2+)的吸附明显强于对胶磷矿表面Ca~(2+)的吸附，这是胶磷矿与白云石分离的根本原因；水玻璃溶液中对石英起抑制作用的主要组分是HSiO_3~-和H_2SiO_3胶粒，水玻璃除对石英起抑制作用外，对矿浆还具有一定的分散作用。

The theory of accretion disks are important for many astrophysical phenomena, including Quasars, active galatic nucleic, X-ray binary stars, and young stellar objects. The most important branch of accretion djsk theory is the stability properties of djsks. It is widely considered that the luminosity variations of various astronomical objects are associated with the instability of accretion disk. The viscosity plays an important role in the accretion disk theory, and magnetic field exists commonly in astronomical phenomena. A more realistic analysis of the stabihty of the accretion disk should include both the radjal and azimuthal perturbations because of the strong shear of viscous flow.In this paper, according to the luminosity Variations of Various astronomical objects, we study the radial-azimuthal instability of an isothermal with magnetic field. We find that the radial and azimuthal fields B〓,B〓 are mainly responsible for enhancing the instability of the magneto-acoustic modes and non-axisymmetric modes,and that pulsational oscillations are larger in the radial than in the Z direction. The model may be useful in explaining the periodic light variation of FU orionis and. T Tauri stars.

在许多天体物理现象中，例如活动星系核，X-射线双星和年青的恒星理论中，吸积盘理论起着重要的作用，而吸积盘理论中的一个重要分支是吸积盘的不稳定性理论，普遍认为活动天体的周期，准周期光变现象与吸积盘的不稳定性有关，在吸积盘理论中，粘滞起着重要的作用，而磁场是天体物理中普遍存在的现象，对于几何薄吸积盘不稳定性分析，由于强剪切流的缘故，应该包括径向和环向扰动两个方面，本文结合天体物理中的各种周期，准周期光变现象，研究了含磁场的等温薄吸积盘的径向-环向振荡不稳定性，结果表明：磁场的径向和环向分量对磁声模和非轴对称模的不稳定性的增加起着主要的作用，且径向振荡大于轴向振荡，所得结果有利于解释FU Orionis和T Tauri Stars的周期光变现象。

Finally, the article discussed the possible mechanism of multi-phase electrochemical degradation of wastewater through the XPS spectrum of the used catalysts surface: In the acid solutions, the electro-generated O_2 may get electrons on the porous graphite cathode and then form H_2O_2, H_2O_2 may diffused to the surface of catalyst and reacted with its active part to produce OH, which in turn can destruct organics. The catalyst functioned as both the catalyst to decompose H_2O_2 and the flocculants to sedimentate the degraded waste.

最后全文结合研究反应后催化剂表面的XPS光电子能谱推断了该体系降解污废水可能的反应机理：在酸性条件下，石墨双阳极产生的O_2被多孔扩散性石墨阴极还原成H_2O_2，并通过扩散传质作用在催化剂的表面活性中心分解为强氧化性中间产物·OH，强氧化性攻击有机物，使其降解为小分子有机物或CO_2和H_2O，催化剂在体系中即起催化作用也起吸附、絮凝作用。

Peer acceptance is the mediator of the relationship between externalizing problem behaviors and loneliness.

结果发现，儿童的外部问题行为在家庭功能与同伴接受性之间起着中介作用，同伴接受性在外部问题行为与孤独感之间起着中介作用；内部问题行为是家庭功能影响儿童孤独感的中介，而外部问题行为与同伴接受性依次组成家庭功能与孤独感联系的另一间接作用路径；不仅如此，家庭功能对儿童孤独感还有较强的直接作用。

Consequently, not only do scholars play a vital role in the process of translation, but so do the arbiters of social sensitivities; and their roles are at least equally important to that of the practitioner, and definitely not less.

因此，在翻译过程中起着至关重要的作用的人，不仅有译者们，还有社会敏感性的仲裁者们，而且他们的作用与修行者的作用至少同样重要，而绝不比修行者起的作用小。

And although these new findings do not support Lamarck's overall concept,they do raise the possibility that "epimutations,"as they are called,could play a role in evolution.

虽然这些新发现并不支持拉马克的整个理论，但它们引出了&特异突变&可能在进化中起作用的可能性。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新