土流

This procedure has been confirmed feasible and accurate by examples, then analyses and calculates the homogeneous and unhomogeneous earth rock-fill dam, isotropic and anisotropic earth rock-fill dam, Yanji earth rock-fill dam with clunch core. The results by ANSYS is compared with the results by other seepage soft, which is quite similar and prove ANSYS practicability for calculating seepage field.

通过算例验证了该程序的可行性和正确性，接着对均质和非均质，各向同性和各向异性的土石坝以及烟集粘土心墙土石坝进行分析计算，并和其它渗流软件相互比较，结果较为相近，证明了ANSYS计算渗流场的实用性。

As development of economy and industrialization, rheology would have wide development field, and had step-by-step permeated through a great deal of subject to form corresponding branch. For example, polymer material rheology, rupture rheology and mechanics, earth rheology, rock rheology as well as fluidics and so on.

随着经济和工业化的发展，流变学将有广阔的发展领域，并已逐步渗透到许多学科而形成相应的分支，例如高分子材料流变学、断裂流变力学、土流变学、岩石流变学以及应用流变学等等。

Soil percolation and seepage control is an extremely important subject in soil mechanics and civil engineering construction.

土的渗流和渗流控制是土力学和土木工程建设中的一项极其重要的课题。

Use instead and fasten and dig the bit to remove the hole and bottom eluvial soil after 5m (if the rock meeting high hardness while the base rock creeps into, can is it inlay rock bit get into to designing requirement hole dark by fastenning and digging and fighting the clear hole and then to use instead), in order to improve the strength of bearing the weight of of one , put the reinforcing bar cage finally , build the concrete.

本工艺基本上适应于各种土层，如软弱土层、松散杂填土、粉土、砂土、粒径不大（10cm以下）的碎石土和圆砾及其它塑性不大、粘粒较少的粘土，尤其适用于软塑、流塑、孔隙比大、高压缩性、抗剪强度小等特性的淤泥质土及因地下水丰富造成泥浆护壁困难的土层。

The stable or unstable state of the montmorillonite-water dispersion is mainly effected by the properties of montmorillonite, water, and stabilizers as well as their interactions, while the type, the structure, the properties and the concentration of the stabilizer play dominate roles. Based on the molecular designing clues, this research selected three sulfonated copolymers as the stabilizers, i.e. the sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1propane sulfonate /acrylamide /disodium itaconate terpolymer, the AMPS/AM/N-vinyl pyrrolidone terpolymer and the sodium styrenesulfonate /IA copolymer. The preparation and characterization of the sulfonated copolymers were discussed, the high-temperature stability of the montmorillonitewater dispersion was characterized with the rheology, the filtration, the particle size distribution, the electrostatic properties, and the adorption of the sulfonated copolymers onto montmorillonite particles. At the same time, a systematic mechanism of the hightemperature stabilization of the dispersion was presented.

本文构筑了分子设计的思路，选取AMPS(2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠)/AM/IA三元共聚物、AMPS/AM/NVP三元共聚物和SSA/IA二元共聚物等三种磺化共聚物作为蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定剂，进行了磺化共聚物稳定剂的制备与表征；从流变学、滤失性能、粒度分布、电性质以及磺化共聚物在蒙脱土上的吸附作用等方面，对蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定性进行了研究，考察了蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定性能，同时提出了高温稳定机理。

Preferential flow is one of the key factors to cause fissured soil slope failure, so stability analysis of slope concerning preferential flow and fissure in soil, which is with comprehensive background and prospect in engineering application, needs to be further studied urgently.

裂土中优势流是引起裂土边坡失稳的关键因素，考虑裂土优势流和土裂隙性的边坡稳定性分析是摆在我们面前的一项亟待研究的且具有广泛应用前景的课题。

This paper conducts comprehensive and in-depth research on the determination of unsaturated permeability coefficient and water-air flow during ponding infiltration by experiment research and theory research. The research is reduced as the following:(1) In this paper, in terms of the shortage of the current apparatus of water permeability for unsaturated soils, the new unsaturated steady seepage apparatus for measurements of unsaturated permeability coefficient has been developed based on improvement and amendment on original apparatus.

主要研究成果如下：(1)本文从非饱和土渗透特性研究的需要出发，针对目前研制的非饱和土渗透仪的不足，根据非饱和土稳态渗流试验装置量测非饱和渗透系数的主要特点及存在的问题，提出了新型非饱和土稳态渗流试验装置研制开发的整体思路，完成了重要内容的研制。

In this way, the simulation of actualseepage fields in complicated site and construction conditions were made in order tohave a deep view of the general rules of seepages in earth dam, and illuminate laws ofmain physical quantities.

通过土坝渗流场的三维非稳定分析，以期达到对土坝渗流场实际复杂情况的模拟，比较理想地反映不同时段的土坝渗流场中等势线、流速矢量、无压渗流场自由面以及流量等渗流要素在不同条件下的变化规律，从而在一定程度上弥补过去对土坝渗流场研究的不足。

A modified viscoelastic-viscoplastic-damage constitutive model of soft soil has been developed in this thesis, in which the structural and rheologic properties of soft soil can be taken into account simultaneously.

因此，开展同时考虑软土流变性和结构性的本构模型及其与Biot固结理论耦合的有限元数值求解方法的研究，具有重要的理论和实际意义。

The results showed that tillage had stronger compaction effect on Red soil. By analyzing retention properties, water content was higher in the same suction for Red soil. Field capacity and wilting coefficient were higher for Red soil than those for Lou soil, but effective moisture and saturated hydraulic conductivity were lower for Red soil. For Red soil, Lateral infiltration ability was stronger, infiltration rate was greater than one number degree for Lou soil and preferential flow occurred easily.

结果表明：耕作片红壤有较强的压实作用；从持水特征分析，同一吸力下红壤的含水量较高，田间持水量和凋萎系数也高于塿土，而有效水含量略低于塿土，饱和导水率却低于塿土1个数量级；从入渗特征分析，红壤的侧渗能力很强，入渗率比塿土高1个数量级，容易发生大孔隙流。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。