土壤生物

Because acid rain can transport excessive hydrogen ion into the soil, then cause decrease of pH value and cation saturation, accelerate acidify of soil, therefore, it is significant to study the ecological effects of combined pollution for heavy metals under intimidation of acid rain in the regions where acid rain often take place.

土壤吸附-解吸试验的土壤按照既定方案处理后，在25±1℃，土壤水分20％左右条件下培养2个月，待重金属元素与土壤的反应基本稳定后制样进行等温吸附—解吸试验，研究紫色土在单一及复合条件下镉、锌的吸附特征和酸雨胁迫下的解吸特征以及此条件下吸附一解吸与镉、锌生物有效性的关系。

The rhizosphere soil microorganism and rhizosphere soil enzyme activity werepositive correlated with each other.Except aerobic bacteria and actinomycetes andfungi did not achieve significant or extreme significant correlation with urease,theother factors all achieved significant or extreme significantcorrelation.Besides,through a correlation analysis between rhizosphere agrobiologyand rhizosphere soil nutrient,except rapidly available K was negative correlation with urease and catalase,the other agrobiology factors were positive correlation with soilnutrient, aerobic bacteria and sucrase and catalase were extreme significantcorrelation with alkaline hydrolytic N and organism matter and rapidly available P;actinomycetes was extreme significant correlation with all soil nutrient factors;fungiwas extreme significant correlation with alkaline hydrolytic N and organism matterand rapidly available P, significant correlation with rapidly available K;urease wasextreme significant correlation with alkaline hydrolytic N, significant correlation withrapidly available P.

本试验所测定的根系土壤微生物与根系土壤酶活性间均呈正相关，除了好、气性细菌、放线菌、真菌与脲酶间未达到显著或极显著相关外，其余因子间均呈显著或极显著相关；此外，通过根系土壤生物学因子与根系土壤养分相关分析，发现除了速效K与脲酶、过氧化氢酶呈负相关外，其余生物因子与土壤养分因子间均呈正相关，其中，好气性细菌、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶与水解N、有机质和速效P极显著相关；放线菌与所有养分因子间均极显著相关；真菌与水解N、有机质和速效P极显著相关，与速效K显著相关；脲酶与水解N极显著相关，与速效P显著相关。

As well,in the soil s (0～20 cm)coacervate constitution,the large soil types concent increased,the little soil types concent decreased and the specific surface dro.

经生物、化学改良后，0～ 2 0cm土层土壤微结构中大粒级颗粒含量增加，小粒级颗粒含量减少，土壤比表面值降低；土壤持水力降低，但有效水含量和比水容量增加，土壤供水能力增强。

As well,in the soil's (0～20 cm)coacervate constitution,the large soil types concent increased,the little soil types concent decreased and the specific surface drooped;furthermore,the water-redention capacities of soil drooped,but the available water content and the specific water capacitiesincreased,the water-supply ability strengthened.

经生物、化学改良后，0～20 cm土层土壤微结构中大粒级颗粒含量增加，小粒级颗粒含量减少，土壤比表面值降低；土壤持水力降低，但有效水含量和比水容量增加，土壤供水能力增强。

Combined with Liaoning Natural Science Funds Subsidize Project and Liaoning International Cooperate Research Project, taking petroleum contaminated soil of Liaohe Petroleum Field as research object, strengthen biodegradation of petroleum contaminator was studied, so as to explore engineering application, provide most appropriate microenvironment for biodegradation, strengthen degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil and raise process efficiency.

我们结合辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目和辽宁省国际合作研究项目，以辽河油田石油污染的土壤为研究对象，进行了石油污染物强化生物降解的研究，目的是从工程应用的角度进行一些探索，为生物降解提供最合适的微环境，促进污染物与微生物细胞的相互接触，从而强化土壤中石油烃的降解，提高处理效率。

Phase 1 started with field pea followed by spring wheat whereas phase 2 started with spring wheat followed by field pea.The objectives of this thesis are:1 to quantitatively analyze effects of soil chemical,physical and biological properties on soil quality and productivity under different tillage systems and the driving factors for the changes of soil quality under tillage in a long-term,2 to select the best soil quality assessment indicators,and 3 to establish soil quality assessment models that are suitable for the erodible environment of semi-arid region on the Loess Plateau.

通过分析3个轮作周期不同耕作方式下土壤理化性质、生物性质和生产力对土壤质量的影响，阐明长期耕作过程中土壤质量的演变特征及其驱动因子，筛选出适宜于黄土高原半干旱区侵蚀环境下土壤质量评价的代表性指标；并综合前人的研究，结合区域特点，建立适宜于黄土高原半干旱区侵蚀环境的土壤质量评价模型。

This showed that capacity of water-holding in biological soil crusts were obvious improve,and effected precipitation permeate or water second distribute process.The study results of"fertile islands"formation mechanism in biological crusts showed that biological crusts layer cover could increased nutrients content for below sand soil through precipitation permeate washing,and it promoted plants assimilate more nutriment.The matter import ways of biological soil crusts fertility island had many ways,including the effection of living macrobiotics metabolism in crusts levels,wind-sand flow of near surface,dust deposition and plants decomposition course,etc.Source of particle matter in biological soil crusts was wind-sand flow of near surface,and not dust deposition.Biological crusts layer cover had preserved effection for nature water content in 0-5cm soil layer,compared with the sand of no biological crusts layer,effecting precipitation permeate,and could not obvious restrained from the water evaporate process indoor experiment.

生物结皮层肥岛形成机制的研究结果表明：生物结皮层覆盖能够通过降水淋溶作用而增加下层土壤养分的含量，进而促进植物对养分的吸收；生物结皮层养分输入有结皮生物代谢、降尘、风沙流和植物分解矿化作用等多(来源：A73e3B3eC论文网www.abclunwen.com)种途径，但生物结皮层的颗粒物质来源主要是近地表风沙流，而不是大气降尘；生物结皮层覆盖对0-5cm土层自然含水量有一定的保护作用，并影响降水向深层渗透，不能有效的阻止表层水分的蒸发进程；研究表明采取人工促进技术能够在流动沙丘上形成生物结皮层，实现流动沙地的快速治理。

In this thesis, seed germination and root elongation test, early growth test were performanced by chemical spiked (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd; Phenanthrenen, Pyrene; and1, 2, 4-trichlorobenzene) in four types of soils (red load soil, meadow brown soil, chestnut soil and dark brown soil) using wheat, Chinese cabbages , tomatoes , turnip and scallion as plants: The toxicity of heavy metals Cu.

本文选择4类典型土壤（红壤、草甸棕壤、暗棕壤和栗钙土），以（小麦、白菜、萝卜、西红柿、大葱）为供试植物，进行了重金属（Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd）、有机氯、多环芳烃污染的植物种子发芽与根伸长抑制试验；植物早期生长试验研究；以草甸棕壤为供试土壤，进行了重金属（Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd）单一、复合污染条件下的蚯蚓急性毒性实验；以草甸棕壤、污染土壤和生物修复土壤进行蚕豆根尖实验和土壤原生动物实验。

Soil oxidoreductase is a group of enzymes catalyzing many important soil biochemical reactions and concerning with the transformation of soil organic matter,formation of humic substance,and dynamics of soil fertility.

土壤氧化还原酶是存在于土壤中的一种重要酶类，参与土壤中为数众多的重要生物化学反应，与土壤中有机物质的转化、腐殖质的形成以及土壤肥力变化密切相关。

The washing experiment of soil contaminated by petroleum alkane was performed with two kinds of biosurfactants in laboratory. The results showed that biosurfactant would enhance on removal of residual alkane in soil, after washing with 20 pore volume solution the removal rate with BS-UC and MELs were three times and twice as that of water, respectively.

在实验室内对南极假丝酵母产生的两种生物表面活性剂进行了石油烃类污染土壤的冲洗实验，结果表明，经过大约20个孔隙体积的冲洗，BS-UC溶液的除油率为清水的三倍，MEL溶液为清水的两倍，这表明该生物表面活性剂能够加速土壤残油的去除，而来自污染底物的生物表面活性剂更具有优越性。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。