土壤微生物

The saline and alkali soil is distributed widely over Aibi Lake Wetland of Xinjiang.

新疆艾比湖湿地盐碱化土壤广泛分布，不同的土壤盐碱环境对土壤微生物的生长特征的影响有所不同，微生物的生存状况反过来又反映了其生存的土壤健康状况。

NS had higher respiratory quotient at 10~20cm, thus younger microbiology, and CN had younger microbiology at 0~10cm. This was good to sustain soil qualified characters and sustainable potentiality. This showed that mechanic tillage and biological tillage were of the same importance in some degree. It was important for reducing energy cost to enhance the effect of microbiology in soil nutrtient transferring.

免覆在10~20cm土层呼吸商较高，微生物年轻化，常无在0~10cm土层微生物年轻化，对维持土壤的优良性状和可持续利用潜力有益，这在一定程度上说明机械耕地和生物耕地的同等重要性，充分提高土壤微生物在养分转化中的作用对于降低农业生产中的能耗有重要意义。

From analysis it could be seen that intercropping aromatic plants in sand soil in pear orchard had good regulatory effects on the soil microbial quantity, the ratio of the soil fungi, bacteria and actinomyees in soil microbial community and the soil available nutrients, among which, intercropping Ocimum basilicum L on the soil microbial quantity and content of the soil nutrients was better than other treatments.

间作芳香植物对于沙地梨园土壤微生物数量及其群落中真菌、细菌和放线菌的比例与土壤中有效态养分含量具有良好的调节作用，其中柠檬罗勒对提高梨园土壤微生物数量、土壤养分含量的综合效果最佳。

The synthetic evaluation of soil biology---biological fertility indices were (0-40cm depth of soil, same below): 0.635 →0.074 →0.014 . Significant degradation of soil texture, obvious decrease of soil organic matter , and increase of the availability of aluminum were found in the degradation series. Along with the fast vanishment of vegetation, the number of soil microbe and enzymatic activities decreased drastically, among which protease activity degraded most markedly and was only detected in soil of ZR.

土壤物理性质中，土壤质地发生了根本性退化；土壤化学性质中，随着植被的退化，有机质含量的减少和Al的有效性的提高都很明显；土壤微生物和酶活性中，各类微生物的数量退化非常显著，其活性也随植被的退化急剧减弱，酶活性也大大降低，以蛋白酶活性降低最为显著，大部分退化地段未检测出蛋白酶的活性。

DOC and HDOC in ridge, rice and rape use pattern in 0~30cm depth layer much more than other treatments after 14 years and showed significant differences;land use of rotation of waterlog rice and dry rape which was disadvantageous to increase the quantity of DOC, which indicated DOC is good evaluation index of soil quality land use effect for paddy soil.

土壤有机质损失的重要途径主要是DOC的淋失，土壤可溶性有机碳是土壤有机碳周转的必要环节，是其中的不稳定组分，主要包括有机残体的可溶性有机物、土壤微生物分解有机残体后未吸收的可溶性有机物及微生物细胞衰老自溶后释放的可溶性有机物[4]，在陆地生态系统碳循环中起着重要作用[5]，所以DOC的分析

Root-derived organic carbon is composed of three compartments: root detritus, root eaudates and root symbionts, which represents a large important and potential C sink in forest ecosystems, The known responses of root derived organic carbon and heterotrophic microbes to elevated CO2 were reviewed. Overall, increases in root biomass, productivity, and exudation indicate an augmentation of C inputs into the soil via roots, although changes in root lifespan are still unclear and may modify this flux positively or negatively, Altogether, changes in root chemistry and morphology that may augment soil C storage under elevated CO2 include decreased N concentration and wider root diameter, Alternately, a shift in rooting depth upwards in the soil profile may increase average turnover rates of root detritus. Effects of CO2 concentration on C qualities of root exudates and root symbionts are the least understood components discussed here, Changes of soil heterotropic microbial activity and community under elevated CO2 still remained large uncertainties.

林木根源有机C包括根东通过根枯落物、根系分泌物和根共生菌周转3条途径向土壤输入的有机C，它是森林生态系统中一个重要的、潜在的C汇，综述了根源有机C与其微生物对CO2浓度升高的响应，虽然对根系寿命的变化尚不清楚，但CO2浓度升高将导致根系生物量、生产量、死亡量和分泌物的增加；同时，CO2升高亦促使根共生菌生物量的增加而增加了共生菌的C归还潜力，表明CO2升高使根源有机C的输入增加了，CO2农度升高情况下，根系化学性质和形态特征的这些变化均有利于增加土壤C的吸存；而根分布深度的降低则对土壤C吸存不利；CO2浓度升高对根分泌物和根共生菌质量的影响研究则极少，CO2浓度升高下土壤微生物活性和群落组成的变化存在较大的不确定性，目前CO2浓度升高下林木根源有机C对森林长期C吸存的贡献仍很不清楚。

Growing sweet corn in summer could absorb redundant nutritional ingredients largely in the soil, but the number of fungi was high and the ratio of B/F is not obvious compared with CK. On the contrary, planting leafy vegetables had no obvious effect on the composing of soil microbe and the decruce of the number of pathogen of cucumber, although it could reduce the content of salty in the soil. The crop green manure of villose vetch could reduce the content of salty in the degree, but the sum of microbe in the soil reduced a little.

夏季休闲期间种植甜玉米可大量吸收土壤中多余的营养成分，但真菌数量偏高，B/F值与对照相比相差不大；种植速生叶菜虽然能降低土壤盐分含量，但对降低黄瓜致病菌数量和改善微生物区系组成方面无显著效果；豆科作物毛苕子在一定程度上降低了土壤盐分含量，但土壤微生物总量有所减少。

3The study on the diversity of soil microbial community of Pinus bunging Zucc.et Endl 20 diferent microbial community in the soil were analyzed and compared by species richness index,diversity index and evenness index.The result showed that Species Composition,Quantity Variation and Bio-diversities ect.of soil microbial community differed.

3白皮松土壤微生物群落多样性研究运用丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数对不同生境的土壤微生物进行分析比较，结果表明，分布在20个样地的微生物各自组成了相应的群落，群落内属的种类、数量组成、多样性、均匀性等都是不同的。

In present study,~(60)Co γ-rays was used to irradiate soil with doses of 3.0 kGy and 25.0 kGy,respectively,to discriminate between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and other soil microorganisms,while soil without irradiation was used as control to study the effects of soil microorganisms on uptake of ~(89)Sr by ryegrass and bahia grass.

用3.0和25.0 kGy剂量的60Coγ射线分别对供试土壤进行了辐照处理，以区分土壤中的内生菌根菌和其他土壤微生物；并以未经辐照处理的土壤为对照研究了土壤微生物对黑麦草和百喜草吸收89Sr的影响。

In present study, ^60Co γ-rays was used to irradiate soil with doses of 3.0 kGy and 25.0 kGy, respectively, to discriminate between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and other soil microorganisms, while soil without irradiation was used as control to study the effects of soil microorganisms on uptake of ^89Sr by ryegrass and bahia grass.

文章摘要：用3.0和25.0kGy剂量的^60Coγ射线分别对供试土壤进行了辐照处理，以区分土壤中的内生菌根菌和其他土壤微生物；并以未经辐照处理的土壤为对照研究了土壤微生物对黑麦草和百喜草吸收^89Sr的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。