土壤保持

The work here will make on further understand of the study of mechanisms and motion models of water-heat exchange, and will be of great value of research on the consideration of problems related to hydrology, soil corrosion, water and soil conservation, agrology, agricultural irrigation, and so on.

该研究为土壤中水热交换机制和运动模型的进一步的研究提供参考，对水文学、土壤侵蚀和水土保持、土壤学、农业灌溉等相关问题的研究有着一定参考价值

The soil structure is afferent mineral particles, which also influences drainage and aeration, and the retention of water by capillarity.

土壤结构也受土壤质地的影响，因为不同矿物分子的不同体积会影响排水性和通气性以及对土壤水分的保持能力。

As a part of "Outstanding Young Researcher project- Water Erosion Predicting model", the purpose of this study is to do research on the method for estimating Cover and Management Factor in China, to evaluate the effects of crop cover in different stages by estimating soil loss ratio of individual crop stage period, and to compare the effects of different land use patterns by their average annual value of C factor.

本研究作为杰出青年基金项目《土壤水蚀预报模型研究》的一部分，目的在于探讨我国覆盖与管理因子的计算方法，估计不同耕作制度下农地多年平均C值；通过估计不同农作期土壤流失率评价作物发育不同时期对土壤侵蚀的作用；通过估计多年平均覆盖与田间管理因子分析不同土地利用方式的水土保持效益。

Results showed that enzyme activities were significantly different, urease activity: park＞school＞residence＞industry＞road; phosphatase activity: park＞industry＞school＞residence＞road; invertase activity: residence＞park＞industry＞road＞school; But the dynamic patterns of SOC mineralization from different functional areas were similarly, the rate of SOC mineralization decreased quickly at the beginning, and then decreased slowly during the middle incubation time, and keep relatively constant during the later incubation time, and fitted to logarithmic equation with incubation time.

结果表明：不同功能区土壤酶活性差异显著，脲酶：公园＞学校＞居民区＞工厂＞道路；磷酸酶：公园＞工厂＞校园＞居民区＞道路；转化酶：居民区＞公园＞工厂＞道路＞学校；但不同功能区土壤有机碳矿化过程动态表现出相同规律，在培养前期有机碳矿化速率迅速下降，培养中期缓慢下降，培养后期保持相对稳定的趋势，有机碳矿化与培养时间符合对数关系；整个培养期内，土壤有机碳矿化速率及累计矿化量公园＞工厂＞道路＞学校＞居民区。

Soil-microorganisms system in two sites along Mosel river was chosen as typical soil-microorganisms system because the soil was highly polluted by PAHs and microorganisms were the majority of organisms.

土壤—微生物系统选择受PAHs污染严重且微生物为优势生物的Mosel河流沿岸土壤—微生物系统为例，研究结果发现，Temmels土壤添加的D_(10)-PA被很快释放，并被本土微生物迅速降解，在2周时间内降解了约92%，并在4周内降解了约99%，以后基本保持稳定。

Due to the forest litter layer is thicker than the grassland, its soil structure is looser and has higher water and organic matter content in the solum. In addition, the rhizomatic growth of forest community vertical structure has obvious differences on the herbosa in the pore size distribution and the infiltration rate.

结果显示森林地的枯枝落叶层为厚，使其土壤结构较松散，并会增加表层土壤水分保持及有机质含量，再者森林及林下植物相较于草类根系的生长及分布情况，对于不同土壤深度之大小孔隙的比率及水分入渗速率具有明显的差异。

Involucrate seedlings. The results showed that all test reagents had positive effects, and synergistic effect existed among them. CaCl2 and SA improved the water utilization efficiency of D. involucrate at the initial stage of water stress, while water-retention agent maintained higher soil moisture content when the drought stress developed so as to improve the drought resistance of D. involucrate and alleviate the effects of water stress.

结果表明：CaCl2、SA和保水剂对珙桐幼苗抗旱性的影响均呈正向作用，且它们之间具有协同效应；CaCl2和SA提高了珙桐幼苗在水分胁迫前期对土壤水分的利用，使幼苗维持了较高的抗旱性；随着土壤干旱的持续，保水剂对水分胁迫有缓效作用，使土壤维持了较高的水分含量，有利于保持幼苗的抗旱性，减小水分胁迫的危害。

However, the soil moisture content at soil depths of 45 cm and 60 cm in the areas with microbiotic crusts is much lower than that in the areas without microbiotic crusts (LSD-test, p.05), which reveals that the microbiotic crusts have high capability of maintaining topsoil moisture.

结皮覆盖区距地表5cm和10cm处的土壤含水量显著高于无结皮覆盖区（LSD检验，P.05）；而45cm和60cm处的土壤含水量则表现为结皮覆盖区极显著低于无结皮区（LSD检验，p.05），说明生物结皮具有较强的保持土壤表层水分的能力。

In the dissertation,Guizhou Province andGuiyang.Guizhou Province were selected as the research area and the model region.With theguidance of knowledge discover in database and soil erosion theory,remote sensing and GISwere used to study the senior and the primary method of obtaining the soil erosion message,which are based on unstructural knowledge discover in database.All the methods wereapplied to survey the soil erosion in Guizhou and to monitor the soil erosion change inGuiyang,all of the achievements enhanced the water-soil conservation in the research areaand the model region.

本文在知识发现和土壤侵蚀理论指导下，应用遥感和地理信息系统技术，选择贵州省为研究区，贵州省贵阳市为研究样区，进行了基于非结构性知识发现的土壤侵蚀信息提取方法初级方式和高级方式的研究，并把它们应用到研究区和研究样区的土壤侵蚀调查和土壤侵蚀动态监测工作中，促进了研究区的水土保持工作。

Though the wilting coefficient of soil tend to increase as water-retaining agents increased,the amplitude was low, so the soil available water capacity augmented obviously.

施用保水剂后，土壤可在较长时间内保持较高的水分含量；且随保水剂用量增加，土壤容重下降，总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度则呈上升趋势；土壤凋萎系数虽有增大趋势，但增幅很小，土壤有效水容量明显增大。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。