土地利用

The results show that the cultivated land area in Wanzhou will slightly decreased while the construction land will slightly increased,forest land will increased dramatically,and it is difficult to improve the ecosystem service value by single increasing the wetland area.Grassland ecological restoration and increasing orchard area will improve the ecosystem service value by comprehensive treatment of geological hazards and soil loss.The ecosystem service theory value in Wanzhou is 11.89 billion yuan each year,the correction value is 10.64 billion yuan each year,and the present value is 9.65 billion yuan each year.This shows the ecological restoration has good economical efficiency.The optimization of land use structures based on ecosystem service value could satisfy the development of social economy with land demand,and realized the benefit of ecology and economy inphase,the study supported a new way to solve the key technical problem in land use programming in China.

计算结果表明：（1）规划期内万州区耕地面积略有减少，建设用地面积有所增加，林地面积有较大幅度增加，大规模增加湿地面积提高土地生态功能价值则难以实现；（2）地质灾害与水土流失综合治理、草地生态系统修复以及适当增加园地面积，能够提高万州区土地生态功能价值；（3）万州区土地生态经济理论价值为11888亿元/a，修正价值为10644亿元/a，均高于现状值9653亿元/a，土地生态修复与建设的生态经济效益可观；（4）基于生态系统服务价值的土地利用结构优化，能够满足社会经济发展对土地的需求并同步实现生态经济效益的最优，为解决土地利用规划中的关键技术问题提供新的方法。

The reasons that result in these problems are unadapted land use system. imperfect land administration mechanism, and uncontrolled investment project administration. In order to optimize city land utilizati...

造成这些问题的主要原因在于土地使用制度不适应、土地管理机制不完善和投资项目管理失控，为优化湖南城镇土地利用，必须采取以下措施：制定和完善土地利用政策；改革土地使用制度；加强规划工作；实行土地综合开发；强化土地管理。

Firstly, in this paper the importance and necessity for the land using data sharing have been expatiated amply. The land using data sharing, which refers to two main concepts, has been summarized. The two concepts are acquisition and processing of land using data as well as application of land using data. In WebGIS, there are two corresponding roles, namely, data yielder and data user or consumer.

本论文首先详细阐述了土地利用数据共享的重要性和必要性，并总结土地利用数据共享活动涉及了两个主要概念：土地利用数据的获取与处理、土地利用数据的应用，在WebGIS中即对应两个角色：数据提供者和数据使用者即用户。

This research concentrate on the demographical studies, by using generating population projection models of population growth, widespread study of the urban land use changes in Zwarah (i.e land use classification, land use patterns change and land use structure for 1980, 1990 and 2000), and descriptions of a number of aspects like population, housing, health education, commerce, Industry, Transportation and etc.

本文对Zwarah地区的土地利用变化进行了全面的研究，包括土地利用分类、土地利用模式的变化以及1980年，1990年，2000年的土地利用结构；并且描述了许多方面的情况，如人口、房屋、健康、教育，商业，工业、交通等。

Based on geomorphy and anthropo-factor that influence land use structure, D and S of 8 types is analyzed, and the result indicate that:(1) the complicated geomorphy is uppermost factor that influence fractal dimension of land use type;(2) the social economical level influence D and S of land use structure in a certain extent;(3) the average fractal dimension values and average stability indexes are integrative reflection of the land use structure of each region.

结果表明：(1)复杂的地貌类型是影响土地利用类型D 值和S值的最主要因素；(2)社会经济发展水平一定程度上影响土地利用类型的分维值和稳定性指数；(3)区域土地利用类型的平均分维值、稳定性指数的大小是土地利用结构的综合反映。

Results show that there is remarkable correlation between the land use types and SOM. From1981 to 2000, the content of SOM increased in the whole area mainly because of the transformation from virgin grass land to cultivated land and increase of irrigable land. The average content of SOM increased by 28% and increased from 9.64 g/kg to 12.35 g/kg. Then the household changed their land use way by driven of interest and do not increase additional input anymore.

研究结果表明：土地利用类型及土地利用方式的转换对土壤有机质含量产生重要影响。1981～2000年，荒草地向耕地的转换以及因灌溉设施的完善而引起水浇地面积的增加使得整个研究区域土壤有机质含量普遍增加，有机质含量平均值从9.64 g/kg增加到12.35 g/kg，增加了28％；在利益的驱使下，农户改变了土地利用方式，不再向种植粮食作物的土地追加投入，研究区域土壤有机质含量平均值由12.35 g/kg降低到11.46 g/kg（2000～2006年）。

In order to carry out praedial master plan efficiently, it's necessary to analyse and control existing land utilization. Our first task is to take advantage of arable land. Along with expanding economy, the increasing of population, the faster infrastructure construction and unceasing development of countryside, the demand of land is higher and higher. It made a big stress for the limited land resource.

为了搞好土地的总体规划工作，必须掌握现有的土地利用现状，对目前的土地利用状况做出分析评价，耕地的合理利用是我们当今的首要任务，随着经济的发展、人口的增多，基础设施建设的加快以及城镇的不断拓展，对土地的需求愈来愈大，这就给十分有限的耕地资源造成了巨大的压力。

Therefore take the example of Qingdao, adopt the technology of remote sensing, geographical information system and global position system, employ mathematics models to study its changes of land use and land cover and make an analysis on the human driving forces which have formed the present pattern of land use and land cover and caused the pattern changes of land use and land cover. The aim of the study above is to help people understand and deal with the relation between economic development and tillable land protection, thus harmonize the tillable land protection with economic development and population development in the future.

选择青岛市作为山东省典型例子，采用遥感、地理信息技术和全球定位技术，利用数学模型来定量研究区域土地利用／土地覆被的时空变化，同时还对土地利用格局及土地利用格局变化的驱动因素进行了分析，以便正确认识和处理经济发展与耕地保护的关系，耕地保护与未来经济发展以及人口增长协调发展。

Quantizing ecological benefits of land use is favorable for comparing directly with the land use benefits.

量化土地利用生态效益有利于土地利用效益间的直接比较，更重要的是基于此厘定土地利用格局为局地土地可持续利用创造了条件。

The results are as follows: 1 great changes have taken place in land use and landscape pattern from 1995 to 2000; the area of woodland, water and unused land has been reduced and that of grassland, cropland and construction land increased; 2 the advance of fractal dimensions, the diversity index and landscape fragmentation degree showed that landscape units became strongly fragmented; 3 the dominant degree of construction and unused land has changed little but that of meadow and water increased, and that of farmland and woodland decreased to some extent, which indicated that the trend of landscape pattern changed from cropland and woodland to meadow and water; 4 the changes of land use and landscape patterns near the road are obvious and it is urgent to strengthen eco_environment protection.

主要结果如下：①1995-2000年间，研究区土地利用变化显著，其中林地、水域和未利用土地面积下降，而草地、耕地和建设用地面积增加；②景观破碎化程度加剧，分维数、多样性指数和景观破碎度均增加；③建设用地和未利用土地优势度变化不大，耕地和林地的优势度减小，草地和水域优势度增加，表明研究区景观格局由耕地、林地向草地和水域转变；④交通干线附近的土地利用和景观格局变化显著，加强这些区域的生态环境保护与建设势在必行。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。