土地利用

It is of great importance for Chinese contribution to global change to study anthropic effects on land use and land cover change.

城镇扩展是人类活动对土地利用／土地覆盖的动态演变模式的重要方面。

The results show that the major reason for the land degradation is constant aridity such as shortage of rain, excessive use of land, and shortage of protection measures in dry seasons.

结果表明，土地退化的主要原因是近年持续干旱少雨，土地利用的强度过大，以及在干旱季节里没有适当的防护措施等。

The establishment of the current basic cadastre system in China, which can retrospect to the first land use investigation at the beginning of the 1980s, aims at investigating the actuality of the use of land and the whole status.

我国现阶段土地调查体系的建立，始于上世纪80年代初的第一轮土地利用调查。

This paper takes Daqing City of Northeastern China s Heilongjiang Province as an example,and introduces the way of gaining land cover information based on the TM image.Then the cubic equation is established to describe the dynamic situation of account of land use.

该文以大庆市为实例，介绍了以TM卫星影像数据为数据源，提取土地覆盖信息的方法，并以此为基础建立以时间为自变量的三次方程，来描述土地利用类型的数量的动态情况。

These evidences are then combined using Dempster′s Rule of combination.

新的土地覆盖数据在保持了中国土地利用数据的总体精度的同时，补充了中国植被图中对植被类型及植被季相的信息，更新了中国湿地图，增加了中国冰川图最新信息，使分类系统更加通用。

Such as the standard of land use classification has differs greatly in present situation, the land information is distempered, capital farmland has not related to the land block yet. And furthermore, the land management means is getting behind.

土地利用现状分类的标准不统一；土地信息不健全，基本农田还没有落实到地块上；地籍管理手段落后，信息化程度低等。

The important reason for ecological degradation in northern farming-pastoral ecotone is unreasonable and too intensive utilization of field water.

不合理的土地利用方式与利用强度导致农业用水不合理是造成北方农牧交错带生态退化的重要原因，适度开发利用农田水分是当前发展农业生产和重建生态系统的关键。

This paper aims at establishing the theoretical model for potential evaluation of intensive rural residential land use, which is the foundation for the full potential releasing.

农村居民点用地集约利用是当前土地利用研究中的热点问题，而农村居民点用地集约利用的潜力研究更是重中之重。

The main study areas are as follows: 1 The landscape classification system of the urban-rural ecotone is set up based on the studying on land-use type of urban area and rural area, and then it is used to establish a regional landscape data warehouse for deposition, modification and management; 2 A group of landscape structure and pattern indices and patch area spectrum analysis methods are used to describe the structural and heterogeneous characters of all the landscape elements from different aspects; 3 The temporal and spatial difference of the landscape pattern of main road belts of the research area are also analyzed with the same method. Their basic process and regularity of urban axial expanding of the southwestward of Shanghai City are initially knewn well; 4 According to the traits of the ecotone, the principles and basis of vegetation classification, the ecotone vegetation classification system is set up, its species constitute, community patch characters, the relationship between vegetation types and landscape categories are analyzed, meanwhile, the vegetation sample maps are made; 5 Based on above studies, some landscape ecological stratedies within the research area were discussed. The following are the results of this study

城乡交错带地区的景观分类，在对城市地区和农村地区的土地利用类型研究的基础上建立了城乡交错带的分类体系，并在此基础上用ARC＼INFO软件分时段、分区、分要素建立研究区的景观图形数据库，对数据进行存储、修改和管理；2）利用多种景观结构、格局指数和斑块面积谱分析方法，从不同的侧面对各种景观组分的结构以及区域的景观格局特征进行了分析，并对其成因进行了探讨；3）利用相同的分析方法，分析了城乡交错带中的城市干道两侧的景观格局特征的空间和时间分异情况，初步掌握上海城市西南轴向扩张的基本过程和规律；4）对城乡交错带中非独立的景观要素-植被，研究其遥感图象信息的基本特征，建立适合区域特点的植被分类体系，并在样区中建立了植被图形数据库和计算机制图，分析了植被景观种类组成、斑块等级等特征以及与不同景观的相互关系；5）在上述研究的基础上，对研究区内的景观生态对策进行了研究。

The model adopts continuity equation, diffuse wave model, and the Mannings equation for surface runoff routing, while uses the Green and Ampt infiltration theory and Darcys Law for subsurface runoff treatment. Uncertainty analysis incorporating Monte Carlo simulation and a Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Efficiency Coefficient is used to retrieve optimal parameter values and to estimate the confidence interval for the simulation results.

目前已经完成模式中各相关模组的研发，包含利用DEMs 析取坡度、流向与集流面积；利用卫星影像评估土地利用类别；结合蒙地卡罗法、最大概似法与效率系数的参数率定器；以及整合Green and Ampt 的入渗理论、Manning 地表流速公式，Darey 定律和扩散波理论的水文演算模组。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。