土地利用

The co-Kriging method considering the altitude influences is applied to get the rainfall in grid elements. The vegetal cover and landuse conditions in regions of interest are acquired from remote sensing data. The function relationship between the maximum of soil moisture deficiency and topography index is given. The flow concentration paths of net rainfall in every grid element are gotten from DEM, which solve the problems of rainfall input and parameters grided.

利用考虑高程影响的协克里金方法确定单元网格时段降雨量；利用遥感资料获取研究区域内的植被覆盖情况、土地利用分布情况等；建立了最大缺水量同地形指数之间的函数关系，基于数字高程模型确定单元网格中净雨的汇流路径，从而解决了模型产汇流计算过程中的降雨输入和参数网格化问题。

The geology-economy evaluation of urban land is a new concept which is put forward on the basis of the inharmonic contradictionbetween land use and geologic environment and problems neglecting thefactors of geological environment in working out land prices.

王建瑞 赵占元河北地质学院，石家庄 050031）摘要：城市土地地质经济评价是根据城市建设中存在着土地利用与地质环境不协调的矛盾，以及制定土地价格时忽略地质环境因素而提出的新概念。

Band differencing is feasible in water and irrigable field, but it couldnt monitor the changes of whole land use and its precision is the lowest. For the mufti-temporal composite method, it is difficult to choose the exact regions for change detection. Based on the previous accurate classification result, the post classification comparison method gets the best result compared with the other two methods, but also with the hand-on mistakes.

图像差值法对河流水面和水浇地的监测效果比较好，但对所有地类监测结果不令人满意，精度较低；多时相波段复合分类法中，变化土地类型训练区的确定较困难；分类后比较法是在前面土地信息准确提取的基础上进行的分析，精度较高，监测结果图也一目了然，是土地利用动态监测的一种有效方法，但它是在自动识别分类基础上进行的比较，传递了分类产生的误差。

The results showed that there were significant differences among parameters of texture feature of the different land utilization. In the desertification, the mean and variance were comparatively high. The gray level was asymmetry, the contrasts between neighboring pixels were significant; while in water and irrigable land, the mean, variance was a little bit low, the grey level was symmetry; the mean, variance and gray level in the forest and dry land was between the above (desertification and water and irrigable land).

不同土地利用类型之间纹理特征参数差异明显，荒漠化土地的均值、方差值较高，灰度分布不均匀，相邻像元反差明显，内部变化剧烈；水体和灌溉耕地的均值、方差值很低，灰度值均匀，内部变化小；林地和旱耕地信息介于上述两类土地之间。

The results showed : The way of this village land using is relatively complicated, and the area of cultivated land accounts for 52. 97 percent of the whole area of the land, and the rate of land cultivation and planting is relatively high, but the area of dry land accounts for largish proportion and its productivity is relatively low.

研究中选取了红水河流域内某一个具有代表性的村进行了简单的景观格局分析，其结果表明：该村土地利用方式比较复杂，耕地占土地总面积的52.97%，土地垦殖率较高，但旱地占相当比重，其生产力较低。

The allocations of the land resource and the land right are united and co-exist in the course of land use.

土地资源配置与土地权利配置是统一的，共同存在于土地利用的过程中。

The results showed that expanding speed of land use scale become more and more fast.

不合理的土地利用会导致土地生态问题，土地

The conclusions of this research were as follows:(1) The main current land use structure in Neijiang city were cultivated land and the residential areas and industrial and minings land, and the ratio of cultivated land reached 47.20%. The land use ratio was much higher than average level of the whole province, reaching 79.24%, and the reserve land resource accounted for 20.76% of the whole area.

研究结果为：(1)内江市土地利用现状以耕地和居民点及工矿用地占主导地位，其中耕地面积占全区域总面积的47.20％，土地利用率达到79.24％，大大高于全省平均水平，尚可开发的后备土地资源达20.76％。

The state compiles overall planning for land utilization, provides for land uses and classifies land as farm land, land for construction and unutilized land.

国家编制土地利用总体规划，规定土地用途，将土地分为农用地、建设用地和未利用地。

Nature slope and sea level elevation are two important intrinsicenvironmental factors of land resource which have some direct effects on the use and productive forces of land.

坡度和高程是土地资源固有的二个重要环境因子，对土地利用和土地生产力有直接作用。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。