土体

Research results suggest that many instabilities exist in tidal channels of Ⅱ and Ⅲ2 regions,what is more,the deep troughs of the channel,concave bank,conjoining of channels and margins of relict salients in channels are the positions where the instabilities concentrate.

研究结果表明土体失稳主要分布于Ⅱ、Ⅲ2区的潮汐通道中，且以通道深槽边坡、通道凹岸、通道交汇处以及通道中的残留高地边缘等部位最为常见。

Making use of ABAQUS, the finite element models are constructed of pile with straight shaft and pedestal pile, with soil modeled as Mohr-Coulomb, piles as elastic, and contact pair built between pile and soil.

利用ABAQUS软件建立等截面桩与扩底桩的有限元分析模型，土体用Mohr-Coulomb本构模型，桩体采用弹性模型，在桩土接触面间设立接触对。

On the base of looking up the relevant rheologic materials, the characters of different rheologic constitution models have been analyzed, further more summed up.

在大量查阅有关土体流变资料的基础上，分析总结了不同流变本构关系的特点。

At present masonry or concrete revetments are used in river renovation. Although this meets the requirements of urban flood control, masonry and concrete colors cannot fit the surrounding landscape, the manmade separation of water and soil lacks the organic integration of security, eco-system and landscape.

目前河道整治采用浆砌石护岸或混凝土护岸的方式，虽能满足城市防洪的要求，但砌筑成型后颜色单调，不能与周边环境景观相适应，且人为地把河水与土体分开，缺乏安全性与生态系统及景观的有机结合。

The experimental results indicated that,under the windward and leeward conditions,the cooling effect of crushed rock revetments with all these four grain-diameters was good and could effectively reduce the temperatures of the underlying soil layers;furthermore,the mean pe.

结果表明：迎风与背风两种条件下，4种粒径块、碎石护坡均具有较好的降温效果，均可在第2个试验周期将其下部土坡表面平均温度迅速降至0℃以下，有效地对其下部土体进行降温。

Compared with soil destroyed pattern of vertical force and its controlled factor of bearing capacity,it is concluded that pile capacity and its tip resistence have some difference when soil with the same physical mecanic property is used as natural foundation and pile tip resistent layer.Whereas the middle weathering rod Stratum hasn't this property,that is to say it has the same bearing capacity and pile tip resistence.

文摘：通过竖向荷载下土体的破坏模式及其承载能力控制因素的比较，论述了物理力学性能相同的土层作为浅基础的天然地基与桩端持力层时，承载力值与桩端阻力值应存在一定的差异；而中风化程度的同一岩层作为天然地基与桩端持力层时，不具有这方面的差异性，承载力值与桩端阻力值应该相等。

The following results are got:(1) the analytical equation between the overburden pressure, the pore fluid pressure and the matrix stress is established;(2) the nonlinear relation between the porosity of saturated soils and the pore fluid pressure are obtained, which relates to the initial state and the initial pore pressure of saturated soils;(3) Based on the new principle, the rock shear strength theory and hydraulic fracturing pressure formulation are reacquired, which are much more reasonable than the traditional ones.

第二章讲述的是该有效应力原理的一些工程应用研究，通过该研究，我们取得如下成果：（1）建立了上覆岩层压力、孔隙流体压力、基岩应力之间的解析关系式；（2）推导出了饱和土体孔隙度与孔隙水压之间的非线性关系式，该关系式与多孔介质的初始状态及初始孔隙水压有关；（3）建立了基于多孔介质的岩石剪切强度理论和岩石破裂压力计算公式。

The interaction between bridge pile foundation and soil under dynamic load has always been taken seriously, and even now is still a complex and pop topic of academic fields.

桥梁桩基与土体的在动力荷载影响下的相互作用历来受到重视，至今仍然是研究中的棘手和热门的问题。

This research shows that the effect of shield tunnel on the adjacent building's pile foundation is time dependent, because the adjacent structure and the pile foundation are affected in a certain period of time even after the shield was excavated, and this affected time is related to the viscoelastic property of soil, the parameters of the existing tunnel and structure.

研究表明，盾构隧道对邻近建筑物及桩基的影响是时间相关的，隧道在开挖后一段时间内对周边建筑及桩基产生影响，其影响时间的长短与周边土体的粘弹性性质以及隧道和邻近建筑的参数有关。

By introducing in the concept of equivalent substitute layer, in which the soil is counted as a viscoelastic mass, the time dependence effect of shield tunnel on the adjacent building's pile foundation is analyzed through numerical method.

引入等代层的概念，并将扰动区土体处理为粘弹性介质，采用数值模拟的方法分析了盾构隧道施工后对邻近建筑物桩基的时间相关性影响。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。