土体

The paper focuses on the load distribution and load transfer among soil, pile-core and pile-socket, the interactive behavior of cement-soil ring and reinforced concrete core and some corresponding factors influencing the displacement of the pile which include the various core length, the section radius, the elastic modulus of soil and cement–soil etc.

着重分析了砼芯水泥土搅拌桩的竖向荷载在桩身内外芯和桩土各部分间的分配，砼内芯桩与水泥土外芯桩在荷载传递过程中的相互作用和共同工作特性，以及影响单桩沉降的因素包括砼内芯的直径和长度、水泥土和桩周土体的弹性模量等。

When the depth increases, the displacement of wall and the flexural torque value reduce, but the change is small. So if the depth satisfied with soil body hardness and enclosure wall stability, to increase the depth is useless to displacement and flexural torque of wall.(3) Supporting severity.

围护墙的插入深度影响方面，墙的插入深度增加墙体变形和弯弯矩值减小但变化不大，因此当插入深度已经满足土体强度与围护墙的稳定时，再加上深度对墙体变形和弯矩作用影响不大。

Based on Mononobe-Okabe＇s postulation and the reasonable consideration for the restricted pore water, a first-order differential equation of the dynamic active earth pressure on rigid retaining walls with submerged backfills in the traaslational movement mode under earthquake loads is set up by using the method of level-layer analysis.

基于Mononobe-Okabe假定，在合理考虑土体孔隙中受限水含量的基础上，利用水平层分析法推导了填土中有地下水时刚性挡土墙平移模式下的动主动土压力强度的一阶微分方程，并求得非线性分布解：探讨了地下水位、受限水含量、填土的内摩擦角、墙背的摩擦角和地震系数等参数对土压力强度分布、合力作用点高度以及倾覆力矩的影响。

After the result of cohesion-friction model is compared with Coulomb Criterion, it is found that when the results of shearing strength are many and adjacent the strength parameters can not be regressed by least square method, instead the results should be divided into some beelines at that time according to the cohesion-friction model.(4) Discuss the characters of hard structural plane and weak structural plane: The adhesive friction theory is applied to research the changing course of shear area of hard structural plane and its influence on shear stress.

3介绍了岩石强度理论中的粘接摩擦模型，运用此模型分析依附型滑动面的演化过程，并将其推广到边坡岩土体抗剪强度的选取，讨论了不同法向应力下峰值强度和残余强度随法向应力的变化规律，在此基础上给出抗剪强度的选取模式，讨论了对实际取值结果的影响，并与传统的Coulomb准则进行了比较分析，指出直剪试验的法向应力在小应力区的点较多且抗剪强度结果差异不大时，不宜直接运用最小二乘法回归抗剪强度参数，此时应结合粘接摩擦模型对结果进行线性分段。

Introduce the cohesion-friction model of rock strength theory, and extend the model to select the strength of sliding plane, discuss the variation rules of peak strength and residual strength under different normal stress, and then present the selection model of shearing strength. After the result of cohesion-friction model is compared with Coulomb Criterion, it is found that when the results of shearing strength are many and adjacent the strength parameters can not be regressed by least square method, instead the results should be divided into some beelines at that time according to the cohesion-friction model.(4) Discuss the characters of hard structural plane and weak structural plane: The adhesive friction theory is applied to research the changing course of shear area of hard structural plane and its influence on shear stress.

3介绍了岩石强度理论中的粘接摩擦模型，运用此模型分析依附型滑动面的演化过程，并将其推广到边坡岩土体抗剪强度的选取，讨论了不同法向应力下峰值强度和残余强度随法向应力的变化规律，在此基础上给出抗剪强度的选取模式，讨论了对实际取值结果的影响，并与传统的Coulomb准则进行了比较分析，指出直剪试验的法向应力在小应力区的点较多且抗剪强度结果差异不大时，不宜直接运用最小二乘法回归抗剪强度参数，此时应结合粘接摩擦模型对结果进行线性分段。

Similarly, there are times of difference betweens parameters λ and κ in Cam-clay model.

由存在差异的参数计算土体变形的结果也不同。

Therefore, the model can explain the failure of clays based on the microstructure.

所得模型可以从微观的角度定量的反映土体破坏的宏观机制。

The results show that soil-root complex still comply with Coulombs law; root-soil complex cohesion and the incremen in the unit soil content directly proportional relationship, and the root system anchoring role formula is established based on this; Different distribution methods in root has different impact on the shear strength of composite material.

结果表明，根土复合体仍然符合库伦定律；根土复合体粘聚力的增量与单位土体中根系的含量成正比关系，在此基础上建立了根系锚固作用公式；根系不同的分布方式对根土复合体的抗剪强度有不同影响。

By the law of conservation of mass, the principle of effective stress and the Darcys law as well as the equilibrium differential equations, a coupled mathematic model that included the terms of source and sink, and its corresponding direct coupled FEA model, for the analysis of groundwater seepage and stress were developed.

其次根据土体的平衡微分方程、质量守恒定律、有效应力原理以及达西定律建立了考虑源汇项的渗流场与应力场耦合数学模型，并且提出了直接耦合有限元计算方法。

When the empennage of shield leaves the testing section, the values of surface uplift and sub-surface movement go up to the peak first and then descended.

地面隆起及深层土体移动则是在掘进机尾部离开测点时达到最大，随后总体上呈下降趋势。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。