土体

Adopting the Biot's wave equation of transversely isotropic saturated soils and taking the influence of the frequencyon on the viscous coupling effect between the solid and liquid media into account, the reflection on the half-space surface of transversely isotropic saturated soil is studied. It challenges traditional view of only considering low frequency couple effect in saturated soils.

采用横观各向同性饱和土体的Biot波动方程，考虑频率对固液两相粘滞耦合作用的影响，深入研究了弹性波在横观各向同性饱和土体半空间的反射，克服了以往饱和土体仅考虑低频耦合作用的做法。

Considering the characteristics of KEM and complicated soils in practice, one rule is given to describe soils borderline and borderline's points, and so the problem to delineate soils and ground seepage is solved.

针对KEM和实际工程中复杂土体的特点，本文建立了一套土层边界线编号和每条边界线上点号的规则，解决了复杂土体内各土层的数学描述问题以及土体内地下水渗流的数学描述问题。

Combining two-dimension finite element calculating method and the soil's softened modular equation under the long-term vibration, the dissertation works out the soil's displacement law under the long-term vibration by way of analyzing the soil's modulus under the static situation with Duncan-Chang model.

把二维有限元计算模型和长期振动作用下土体的软化模量公式相结合，采用邓肯一张模型来分析静力状态下的土体模量来计算长期作用下土体的位移规律。

Based on the former study of soils constitutive relation involving principal stress axes rotation,the influences of principal stress axes rotation on the distribution of stress and deformation of soils are provided through numerical simulation of plane strain problems of soils involving rotation of principal stress axes.

在含主应力轴旋转的土体本构关系研究的基础上，通过含主应力轴旋转的土体平面应变问题的弹塑性数值模拟结果分析，总结主应力轴旋转对土体应力分布与变形影响的规律，得出需要考虑主应力轴旋转的条件及其影响的相对大小。

The results showed that there were strong correlations between solum thickness, organic material content in topsoil and some of topographic indexes.

结果表明：土体厚度和表层有机质含量与地形因子之间有着显著相关性；建立的线性回归模型分别能解释土体厚度、表层有机质含量空间变异的32.2%和35.3%；依据该模型预测的土体厚度和表层有机质含量具有较高的准确度，并能制图表达土壤属性在空间上的自然连续性。

Willson 11/8 non-conforming element is employed to overcome the excessive firmness of the retaining structure. And the pipe is simulated by plate and shell element or beam element. Interface element is adopted to simulate the interaction of soil-retaining structure.

土体采用八节点等参单元，围护结构采用Wilson11/8非协调单元，地下管线采用板壳单元和梁单元，用无厚度摩擦单元模拟围护结构与土体的摩擦边界；土体按土质进行分层处理，且考虑分步开挖。

Vault sedimentations basically happen in buckle arch and phase of excavate of bottom land system, be out of shape with the earth's surface corresponding, if buckle excavate of system of land of arch construction, bottom, steel to prop up timbering,compare seasonable, construction technology is sound, can prevent earthy system effectively to be out of shape flabbily continuously.

拱顶沉降主要发生在扣拱以及下部土体开挖阶段，和地表变形相对应，假如扣拱施工、下部土体开挖、钢支撑支护比较及时，施工工艺合理，可有效防止土体持续松弛变形。

Urban soil bodies generally exist in the hydrochemistry environment of normal temperature, atmospheric pressure and slow variation. Under this kind of conditions, the chemical components in soil, which are an essential factor affecting the stability of soil, play an important role in this kind of environment, and also have an important influence on surface subsidence, production of earth holes and so on.

城市区域的土体环境一般是处在常态即常温、常压、缓变异的水化学环境中，在这种环境中，影响土体稳定的要素－土体中的化学组份扮演著重要的角色，而其对诸如地面沉降、土洞的产生都有重要影响。

In order to overcome the defect of traditional methods and to find a new simply and effective time-domain method to eliminate the influence of boundary reflection. The main contents of studies and achievements are as follows: The liquefiable saturated sand dynamic character researches are conducted by means of the resonant column test and the dynamic tri-axial test; The undrain dynamic relationship between stress and strain, the damping ratio, saturated sand liquefaction mechanism, laboratory liquefaction standard, the effective factors of liquefaction are considered in laboratory. Liquefaction strength parameters used in element numerical simulation are obtained.

为克服传统方法存在的问题，寻求一种简单有效、能消除截断边界反射影响的时域有限元方法，本文主要开展了如下研究工作：对工程场地土体进行了标准贯入、静力触探、剪切波速等现场原位试验、室内动三轴试验以及共振柱试验，针对研究区域内可液化的饱和土进行了动力特性试验研究，分析了饱和土体的不排水动应力～应变关系和阻尼特性；对研究区域内的饱和砂土的液化机理，室内试验液化判别标准及影响饱和砂土液化的诸多因素进行了研究，得出了工程场地土体的抗液化强度指标等有限元模拟所需参数。

Based on research of frozen soil status in quo and analysis of earlier results of highway tympanites nation and abroad, taking advantage of the project"The tympanites mechanism and control technique of highway in YiLi"from the YiLi highway bureau, aiming at large areas of tympanites pingoes on G313 and G218 asphalt highway in YiLi, the thesis makes a thorough study on development mechanism and control technique of highway tympanites from soil features of highway tympanites, tympanites mechanism, material and structure of resisting tympanites by investigation in situ, test and analysis.

本文基于国内外冻土研究现状和道路翻浆已有成果的分析，以新疆伊犁公路总段科技项目&新疆伊犁境内道路翻浆机理与治理技术&为依托，针对新疆伊犁境内G313、G218线沥青路面大面积的翻浆鼓丘，通过现场调研、实验和分析，从翻浆土体特性、道路翻浆机理、抗浆材料和抗浆结构研制出发，对道路翻浆机理与防治技术进行了深入研究，主要包括以下几方面内容：①道路翻浆土体特性研究通过实地考察和室内实验，翻浆土体粘土含量高，富含腐殖质，天然容重一般在17～20KN/m3左右，含水量18～30%。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。