圆形

Since the general limit state equation established is based on circular section,four calculation methods with section of roadway changed into equivalent circle section are put forward.

由于总体极限状态方程是在圆形巷道的基础上建立的，因此在文中还给出了一般形状巷道转化为等代圆形巷道时其半径的四种计算方法。

Shearing resistance calculation of O concrete structure is conducted by considering the circular cross section as rectangular cross section.

对于圆形截面柱抗剪承载力的计算，我国规范是将其等同于矩形截面进行计算，文献[1]借助于前苏联钢筋混凝土圆形截面抗剪试验结果，并

First, it was to obtain two binary images from segmenting image by two thresholds. Second, erosion, opening and closing were done to the two images according to some knowledge of the shape and location of the objects in the image that we have already known. Last, the edge information from the image segmented by a high threshold was put into the image segmented by a low threshold. It is the way to segment and discern circular objects accurately from the complex image and can greatly improve the accuracy rate of discerning.

首先分别根据两个阈值进行分割得到两幅二值图像，然后根据目标是圆形以及其大致位置等先验知识分别对两幅图进行腐蚀，开启，闭合等数学形态学运算，将高阈值分割得到的图像中的边界信息叠加到低阈值分割得到的图像中，实现对复杂背景图像中圆形物体的准确分割与提取，解决了复杂背景图像中物体识别率低的问题。

The influence of free surface on tunnels is discussed.The influence of blasting vibration on fresh concrete lining is studied. The finite element method is employed to analyze the spatial distribution of temperature and thermal stress of fresh concrete lining, the wave function expansion method is used to study the interaction of blasting seismic wave and the circular tunnel with lining, thenthe safe PPV of fresh concrete lining with different age is decided by taking into account the thermal stress of concrete lining. Using the conformal mapping method, the influence of blasting vibration on the arch tunnel with lining is studied and the safe PPV of concrete lining is deduced under different incident angle.

研究了爆破振动对新浇混凝土衬砌的影响，采用有限元法求出了圆形洞室新浇混凝土衬砌内温度和温度应力在空间上的分布及其随时间的变化，采用波函数展开法求解了爆破地震波与有衬砌圆形洞室的相互作用，获得了考虑新浇混凝土衬砌内温度应力前提下不同龄期的新浇混凝土衬砌的安全振速；利用保角变换研究了爆破振动对直墙拱形有衬砌隧洞的影响，得到了爆破地震波以不同角度入射时混凝土衬砌的安全振速。

Researched influence of frequency on characteristic of electromagnetic wave transmission in tunnels, and analyzed characteristic of electromagnetic wave transmission in circular, arches and curved tunnels by method of metal wave guide, and gives approximate formulas of attenuation rate. Main conclusions we obtain are as follows: in circular,rches tunnels, if frequency is higher, attenuation rate is smaller, it is beneficial for EM waves to transmit, in curved tunnel, higher frequency, more attenuation rate ...

研究了频率对井下电磁波传输特性的影响，采用金属波导法分析了圆形、拱形及弯曲隧道中电磁波的传输特性并给出衰减率近似公式，得出主要结论：在圆形和拱形隧道中，频率越高，衰减率越小，越有利于电磁波的传播；在弯曲隧道中，频率越高，衰减率越大，不利于电磁波的传播；通过特性曲线与井下实验数据相比较得出在900MHz左右为井下无线通信系统传输信号最佳频段。

The transverse wave disturbance along tangential base flow of circular vortex is discussed By using numerical method we study this instability of baroclinic flow which is mesoscale inertia wave instability on the cylindrical coordinate The influence of stratification stability N 2 , Coriolis parameter f 0 , the vertical shear of tangential wind z of the ambinent atmosphere and the latent heat on the growth rate of instability is studied From the above analysis and calculation, we can learn that there are Eady mode and mesoscale mode of transverse wave instability in circular vortex as well Furthermore we also learn that distribution character of mesoscale mode disturbance field of transverse wave instability, anomalistic "cats eye" structure of lower level and the character of the slowly spreading disturbance converges at low level and the quickly spreading disturbance converges at high level

作者中文名：李红金；陆汉城；宋晓亮；李鲲摘要：讨论涡旋大气中，存在沿切向基流传播的横波型扰动，并采用数值方法讨论了柱坐标系下圆形涡旋系统斜压气流中这类扰动的不稳定，这是一类中尺度的重力惯性波的不稳定。研究了涡旋环境大气的层结稳定度参数N2、切向风垂直切变Vz、凝结潜热、涡旋特性及科里奥利参数f0对不稳定增长率的影响。圆形涡旋中同样存在横波不稳定的Eady模态和中尺度模态，得到了中尺度模态的扰动场分布特征：流场的不规则"猫眼"结构及慢速传播的扰动均集中在低层，而快速传播的扰动均集中在高层的扰动特征。

Area and circularity act as two elements of the eigenvector for they can remarkably characterize the surface area of the bubbles.

由于分类的依据是气泡表面积的大小，确定了圆面积和圆形度两个最能表征类圆形表面积的分量组成分类特征向量。

Oogonium develops into early oocyte in the ovary, and then the oocyte leaves the ovary for the coelomic fluid in the form of single cell or cell mass followed by the rapid separation of the group of oocytes into individual ones. Oocyte enters into the nephridium after its maturation. The rupture of germinal vesicle marks the oocyte maturation. Oocyte in the coelom does not have follicle membrane and vitelline membrane is formed and developed by the oocyte itself. Smaller oocyte (0μm in diameter) is round, and larger ones (≥60μm in diameter) is ovate. The short and long diameters of a morphologically mature oocyte are about 115—120μm and 140—145μm respectively, and the vitelline membrane is 7—9μm thick.

卵原细胞在卵巢中发育至早期卵母细胞时期单个或成团脱离卵巢入体腔液中，卵母细胞团细胞很快分离为单个细胞；卵母细胞在体腔液中发育成熟后进入肾管；生发泡破裂是卵母细胞成熟的标志；体腔中卵母细胞无滤泡膜，卵黄膜的形成与发育靠卵母细胞本身；卵径小于60μm的卵母细胞呈圆形，卵径大于60μm 的卵母细胞为卵圆形，形态上成熟的卵母细胞短径约115—120μm、长径约140—145μm、卵黄膜厚7—9μm。

Fruit oblong, terete, glabrous; ribs 5, acute or round-obtuse; vittae 1 in each furrow, 2 on commissure.

果长圆形，圆柱状，无毛；棱5，锐尖的或圆形钝；油管每棱槽1，在合生面上2。

When the first circuit board and the second circuit board are electrically superimposed, the first noncircular contraposition hole and the second noncircular contraposition hole are superimposed substantially.

第一电路板与第二电路板电性迭合时，第一非圆形对位孔及第二非圆形对位孔实质上重叠。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。