图像化

In the process of processing the digital images, a modified, easy and valid algorithm between global binarization and local binarization are researched in case that the processing objects are specific in this paper. Digital images algebraic operation and guide line for wiping the discrete offending points are confirmed. Not only the program that can realize the algorithm but also handling system is built. The applicability that the relative processing method is used to solve the practical application problems is discussed.

本文在对采集到的数字图像进行计算机处理的过程中，针对所处理对象的特殊性，研究了便于处理且有效的融合全局二值化和局部二值化思想的改进的图像二值化处理方法和算法；确定了在比较复杂的背景下提取有用的前景信息的数字图像代数运算方法和离散干扰点的去除判别准则，并编写程序实现了这一算法，建立了比较有效快速的处理系统；探讨了相关处理方法在解决实际应用问题时的适用性。

A complete set of image processing and recognition of the source code This is our internal development and use of a image processing code, includes the most image processing and recognition processing function : as template transform, Image smoothing, sharpening, edge recognition, image filtering and fuzzy images, image inverse filtering, fuzzy image noise increases, Wiener filter images, linear transformation, gray tensile, histogram equalization, images corrosion, expansive images, image open operation, GIF correct coding, zooming, rotation, fast Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform, and so on and so forth, that is too many.

详细说明：一套完整的图像处理与识别的源码这是我们内部开发与使用的一套图像处理代码，里面包括了大部分图像处理与识别处理的的函数：像模板变换，图像的平滑、锐化、边缘识别、图像中值滤波、图像模糊、图像逆滤波、图像模糊加噪、图像维纳滤波、线性变换、灰度拉伸、直方图均衡、图像腐蚀、图像膨胀、图像开运算、GIF确码编码、缩放、旋转、快速付立叶变换、离散余弦变换等等，等等，太多了。

During the course of using the digital image processing to research and analyze the glass-crack image, apply Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 grogram language to develop this inspecting system and make the varied arithmetic some individual processing modules. From the open, read and storage of the image to the image segmentation, feature selection until the crack judgment, this system all utilize the modularization program method.

在利用数字图像处理技术研究和分析裂纹图像的过程中，应用了可视化编程语言Visual Basic6.0来开发该检测系统，将各种算法分别做成一个个单独的处理模块，从图像文件的读取、保存到图像预处理在到图像分割、特征提取直至裂纹判断都采用了模块化的编程方法，这样不仅便于算法的编程，还可以使操作界面清晰明了，便于对图像进行处理和操作，提高处理速度。

In this paper, three methods for color image retrieval have been presented: hypercomplex SVD image retrieval, combination of hypercomplex convolution filter and hypercomplex SVD image retrieval and hypercomplex matrix correlation image retrieval. We made comparison among these hypercomplex-methods, and compared them with the traditional image retrieval methods. Experiment results showed that the hypercomplex-methods we presented in this paper could well conquer the problems existed in traditional image retrieval methods, and their retrieval results are much better. Meanwhile, this paper presented a new color image quality assessment based on hypercomplex SVD. It is a novel color image quality assessment that can be used as a graphical or a scalar measure to predict the distortion introduced by a wide range of noise sources. It reliably measures the distortion not only within a distortion type at different distortion levels, but also across different distortion types.

提出了超复数奇异值分解检索法，超复数卷积滤波与超复数奇异值分解相结合的检索法以及超复数矩阵相关检索法等三种超复数彩色图像检索方法，在对提出的三种算法进行比较的同时也将其与传统图像检索方法进行了比较，结果证明，超复数彩色图像检索法能较好地克服传统图像检索方法存在的问题，且检索结果更优；同时，本文提出了基于超复数奇异值分解的彩色图像质量客观评估法，这种全新的图形化与数值化相结合的方法不仅能够准确评估出彩色图像的不同失真等级，还能够区分不同的失真类型，从真正意义上实现了彩色图像的质量评估。

The measured object can be found within a few milliseconds in the raster-scan image. 4 . Two lines delay for the processed image is implemented using two 128×8 shift registers with the configurable logic block in FPGA. A new fully pipelined bit parallel hardware architecture for Sobel edge detection is implemented with FPGA. Furthermore, it takes no more than 2ms to complete the edge detection of an image with 128×128 pixels.

视觉检测信号的前端处理技术 1、系统地分析了视觉检测算法层次性特点和计算特点，提出了提高视觉检测信号处理速度的基本方案：采用前端处理系统，自动识别被测物体在获取图像中的位置，并将真正有用的被测物体的边缘坐标值，提供给计算机，作进一步的高精度处理； 2、系统研究了实时图像硬件处理的设计基本方法，提出了基于FPGA的视觉检测信号的低级处理算法硬件实现模块化模型； 3、提出了一种新的基于FPGA的模板匹配并行模块化结构，解决了二维图像处理高带宽要求，在几毫秒内就可以在按扫描顺序输入图像中找到检测目标物体的位置； 4、采用FPGA内部的可配置逻辑块实现了128×8移位寄存器的设计，解决了大容量移位寄存器与FPGA内部寄存器数量之间的矛盾，实现了两行图像的延迟。

The essence idea of restoration based on Total Variation is that translate the problem into minimum of energy functional with TV regularization, then the Partial Differential Equations are got from the principle of variation, finally after discretization the optimal resolution with the numerical methods is obtained.

基于整体变分的图像恢复概括的说就是把图像恢复问题形式化为带有整体变分正则化项的图像能量泛函极值问题，采用变分原理将其中的最小化问题转为所要求解的偏微分方程，即Euler-Lagrange方程，利用数字图像本身的离散特征使用适当的数值方法来求它的最优解，最后达到逼近原始图像的目的。

In order to improve the effect of image and the exactitude of vectorization, this dissertation supplies raster image edition and vector graphics edition, which can make pixel operation and amend image vectorization results. At the same time it supplies the image transform to the form of CAD and can be edited and modified in the condition of CAD.This dissertation has just carried on the simple try in the Engineering drawing ectorization respect, too.

为了进一步提高图像处理的效果和矢量化的准确度，本文在图像处理阶段和自动矢量化后阶段均提供了简单的编辑功能，既可以对图像进行像素级操作，也可以对矢量化过程中产生的失真现象进行修正；同时给出矢量化数据到CAD软件的图形格式转换接口，从而有利于和CAD环境的无缝联接。

We researched fingerprint filter base on fingerprint direction.(2) Comparing some algorithms about binarization in common use, binarization based on band-elimination filter and potential difference binarization are provided, which greatly improved the retentivity of fingerprint characteristic and fingerprint binarization buildup algorithm.

研究了目前常用二值化算法的优缺点，提出了基于带阻滤波的指纹图像二值化处理方法和指纹图像相位差分二值化处理方法，大大的提高了二值化对指纹特征的保持度，以及二值后处理方法——二值指纹图像方向图增强算法。

A sort of image acquisition system of paper's number with CIS based on ARM and CPLD is introduced.A re-al-time approach is brought out to collecting high-speed image information and image pretreatment.This system is mainly designed of hardware,the collected CIS image signal is saved in the SDRAM(synchronous dynamic random access memory) through pretreatment of occulting output com-pensation,secondary filter,analog digital converter and binaryzation,getting ready for further image...

介绍了一种自行设计的基于 ARM 及 CPLD 技术，利用接触式图像传感器采集纸币号码的图像采集系统，提出了一种实时采集高速图像信息及图像预处理的方法；系统以硬件设计为主，采集到的 CIS 图像信号经过明暗输出补偿、二阶滤波、模数转换、二值化等前置调理，保存在同步动态内存中，供 ARM 作进一步图像处理；系统中 CIS 传感器的时序信号由 CPLD 设计，实验表明，采集到的二值化图像清晰；这项研究成果可以推广到证券、票据号码的录入系统以及其他相关领域的字符识别系统。

Firstly, edge extracting is conducted with a laplace operator for a k frame image of fk and a k-1 frame image of fk-1 collected by a camera; secondly, difference calculus is conducted for images of two frames whose edge is extracted, and a difference image of D is obtained; thirdly, average filtering and binary processing is conducted for the difference image of D, fourthly, the image which is processed of binary is judged, i.e. when the difference of a pixel in the difference image is more than the set threshold value, the pixel is confirmed as a target pixel; otherwise, the pixel is a static background pixel.

首先对摄像头采集的第k帧图像f k和第k-1帧图像f k-1分别采用laplace算子进行边缘提取，然后对经过边缘提取的两帧图像进行差分运算，得到差分图像D，然后对差分图像D进行均值滤波和二值化处理，最后对二值化后的图象进行判断，即认为当差分图像中某一个像素的差大于设定的阈值时，则认为该像素是目标像素，反之则认为是静止不动的背景像素。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。