图书馆

The author raises experience to the level of theory by generalizing and approaches the construction of digital library.

本文对数字图书馆建设做了深入地探讨，论文共分六个部分：第一部分，对数字图书馆进行概要性地分析，主要阐述了数字图书馆的概念、特点和功能；第二部分，讨探了数字图书馆的资源体系建设；第三部分，分析了数字图书馆的技术体系，包括数字图书馆的技术组成和技术标准；第四部分，对数字图书馆的服务体系作了分析；第五部分，分析了数字图书馆的管理体系建设；第六部分，讨探了数字图书馆与知识产权保护的有关问题。

Based on the summarization of metadata, DL and DLIO, this paper illustrates the essentialness of metadata"s application in DLIO, the organization structure of DL"s information resources, metadata standard design and metadata creating in DL. After this, it introduces and analyzes the application of DC, MARC and Chinese metadata standard in DLIO and gives an applied case.

本论文以元数据概述和数字图书馆及其信息组织概述作铺垫，对元数据应用于数字图书馆信息组织的必要性、数字图书馆信息资源的组织结构、数字图书馆元数据标准的选择与设计及元数据的编制进行了详细阐述，之后，又对数字图书馆信息组织中广泛使用的DC元数据、MARC以及具有代表性的国内专门数字对象中文元数据标准进行了介绍与分析，并辅之以上海数字图书馆元数据方案的实例。

In the routine of the library, the work of using students to participate in the service of the library , managing , propagating etc, not only has promoted the deepening development that the reform of the library worked , has improved the inside environment of the library, to improving the service quality of the library , utilize existing information resources to all have very great facilitation to the maximum extent, and give full play to the education function of the library , temper students' managerial ability , ability to organize and link up ability , have improved students' quality and training.

在图书馆的日常工作中，适度地使用学生参与图书馆的服务、管理、宣传等工作，不但促进了图书馆改革工作的深入发展，改善图书馆的内部环境，对提高图书馆的服务质量，最大限度地利用现有信息资源都有很大的促进作用，而且充分发挥图书馆的教育职能，锻炼了学生的管理能力、组织能力和沟通能力，提高了学生的素质和修养。

It is the part of the WWW Virtual Library. It provides so many links through which you can directly go to the related Virtual Library of diverse profession, such as The WWW Virtual Library of Cell Biology, The WWW Virtual Library: Model Organisms, The WWW Virtual Library:Parasitology, and The WWW Virtual Library: Mycology etc.

该网站是万维网虚拟图书馆的一部分，提供了许多链接，你可以通过这些链接直接到达不同专业的相关虚拟图书馆，例如：细胞生物学虚拟图书馆、模式生物学虚拟图书馆、寄生虫学虚拟图书馆和真菌学虚拟图书馆等。

In this situation, the books will gradually become the access to and the main way to increase my knowledge, and the library would naturally occupy in people's lives in a certain location, how to scientifically manage the library is not only related to the convenience of the reader to seek knowledge level is also related to library development, therefore, develop a comprehensive library management system will become essential, and this paper describes the environment in the Visual Basic6.0 adoption of the "top-down master plan, bottom-up application of development "strategy of development of the detailed process of this system is proposed to achieve the library information management, the basic objective of sharing resources, thus promoting the pace towards the digital library and described the system architecture design and functional design, from the warehouse of books Registration to the query view, from the library card issued to the lending of books, forming an overall automated management model, from the perspective of software engineering, scientific and rigorous exposition.

在这种形势下，书籍就渐渐地成为人们获取并增长知识的主要途径，而图书馆就自然而然地在人们的生活中占据了一定的位置，如何科学地管理图书馆不但关系到读者求知的方便程度，也关系到图书馆的发展，因此，开发一套完善的图书馆管理系统就成不可少了，本文介绍了在Visual Basic6.0环境下采用"自上而下地总体规划，自下而上地应用开发"的策略开发本系统的详细过程，提出实现图书馆信息管理、资源共享的基本目标，从而推动迈向数字化图书馆的步伐，并阐述系统结构设计和功能设计，从图书的入库登记到查询浏览，从借书证发放到图书的借阅，形成了一个整体自动化管理模式，从软件工程的角度进行了科学而严谨的阐述。

The researcher summarizes three major conclusions as follows. First, 88% of library users suggest the purchase of library materials by utilizing the union catalog, a bibliographic database of ISBNnet, developed by the National Central Library of Taiwan. This method helps increase the reservation of new arrivals on the New Book Display, from the rate of 1.48% to 5.59%. Evidently, the use of the union catalog of ISBNnet as the bibliographic source of library acquisition improves the quality of library collection. Second, with the launch of the Book Recommendation System, it requires only a single staff to deal with the duplication check of book copies; meanwhile, it reduces dramatically the chances of careless purchase of multiple copies of a single work from the rate of 31.23% to 3.53%. Finally, the acquisition model of Inter-Entity Supply Contract shortens the lead time from some time between 55 and 90 days to 36 days in the library acquisition procedures.

对於以行动研究应用於台东大学图书馆图书采购流程之变革，以及从而开发出「台东大学图书馆中文新书荐购系统」之使用状况，研究者提出四点结论：(1)有88%的读者利用全国新书资讯网的联合出版书目荐购给图书馆；新书展示被预约率由1.48%提升到5.59%，显见利用联合出版书目做为图书采访来源，有助於馆藏品质的提升；(2)图书馆导入e化服务，一个人即可处理最繁杂的复本查核，同时让复本率由31.23%降低到3.53%，节省人力成本的支出；(3)中文图书共同供应契约的采购模式，新书进馆时程由55-90天缩短到36天；(4)行动研究法应用於图书馆业务改善，确实有效提升图书馆的服务品质及效能。

At the same time, however, even though the space shortage was acute, Canfield recognized the advantages of acquiring strong subject collections, and Columbia received on deposit the libraries of the New York Southern Society, the Holland Society, the American Mathematical Society, the Reform Club, and the Germanistic Society of America.

同时，尽管空间不足很尖锐，坎菲尔德仍认识到获得完善专题馆藏的优势，而且哥伦比亚大学图书馆收到了纽约南部学会图书馆、荷兰学会图书馆、美国数学学会图书馆、改革俱乐部图书馆和美国的德国学会图书馆的缴送。

Thefounding and development of Chinese CUL brought the western library theory,management, and technology etc., promoted the reformation and evolvement oftraditional service idea and played an enlightening and sample role; As an importantchannel of western cultures dissemination to the eastern, CUL played a special role inculture communication between China and the western. Being an important part ofmodern Chinese library cause, CUL were also the birthplace of library scienceeducation, because it cultivated a large number of library professionals and promoted theprosperity of modern Chinese library cause.

中国教会大学图书馆的设立发展，较早将西方图书馆的理论、管理和技术方法等带进中国，推动了中国图书馆界传统思想及服务观念的变革、进化，起到启蒙和示范之作用；教会大学图书馆在近代中西方文化交流中具有特殊地位，是西学东渐的重要通道；教会大学图书馆是近代中国图书馆事业的重要组成部分，是图书馆教学教育的发源地，培养了大批图书馆专业人才，促进了近代中国图书馆事业的兴旺和繁荣。

This course deals with the origin of books and libraries, ancient materials, bamboo and silk books, the invention and its spread of papers and printings, the structures of written books and printed books, the development of libraries from ancient times to modern times, etc.

其内容包括：文献和图书馆的起源，甲骨文献、泥板文书、羊皮纸文献、纸草文献等早期文献，简策和帛书，造纸术的发明与传播，纸写本书的形制，印刷术的发明与传播，印本书与册页制度，西方现代印刷术，现代报刊与教科书，现代图书事业，早期的图书馆，写本文化时期的图书馆，印本文化时期的图书馆，近代图书馆事业，现代图书馆事业等。

As a pioneer of American public library movement, Green's thought of library science lies mainly in the following aspects: acting public libraries as social education institute, paying attention to maintaining good relationship between public libraries and public schools, insisting on public library exerting important role in school teaching, advocating for mutual trust and dependence between public library board and librarian, supplying every public library inquirer with reference service, and evaluating the history and figures of American public library movement in objective and appropriate words.

美国公共图书馆运动的先驱格林的图书馆学思想主要体现在：把公共图书馆作为重要的社会教育机构，重视维持公共图书馆与公共学校之间的良好关系，坚持公共图书馆在学校教学中发挥重要的地位和作用，主张公共图书馆理事会与馆长之间互相信任与相互依存，为任何前来公共图书馆寻求帮助的读者提供参考咨询服务，以客观而中肯的语言评价美国公共图书馆运动的历史与人物。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。