国际实践

The third part: This part is trying to penetrate to the fix of theoretical value of the convertible bonds, in the light of analyzing the convertible bonds of the Shanghai international airport stock Ltd. Co. According to the set price formula we"re given, this essay firstly calculates the value of the common transmittable bonds in the airport, then probes into how to fix the convertible company"s bond theory value thoroughly in practice.

第三部分以上海国际机场股份有限公司发行的可转换公司债券为例，推篡硕士学位论文MASTER'5 THESIS导计算出的上海国际机场股份有限公司发行的可转换公司债券的理论价值，深入探讨了可转换公司债券理论价值的实践确定。

The number and function of INGOs are experiencing an unprecedented development, which makes any theory and summary on INGOs unperfected as time passes by. However, the INGOs issue has become a inevitable and pressing task, which makes the related theoretical and practical research more challenging.

当今国际非政府组织的数量和功能都处在裂变之中，因此任何对国际非政府组织的概括性论述和理论总结都难免存在局限和偏颇，但它又是一个无法回避，且迫切需要研究的问题，正因如此，对其做理论和实践上的探索也就更具有挑战意义。

The innovations of this essay are following:Ⅰ, Completely investigating the theoretic introduction, practical application, and effects on investment administrant, and putting forward that China should transit gradually from dracon quantity regulation rules to prudent man rules;Ⅱ, Lucubrating the rational, negative effects, and experience tests of portfolio allocation regulation, performance regulation, and industry structure regulation of pension funds over OECD countries;Ⅲ, Analyzing the rational and sensibility of relative rate of return guarantees of pension plan, and advancing the scheme of rate of return guarantees of China;Ⅳ, First investigating the investment policy of pension plans globally using "contents analysis" over the world pension plans;Ⅴ, Lodging that portfolio diversification should be the most important risk management instrument, and presenting efficiency measure model of evaluating portfolio diversification of pension funds;Ⅵ, Lucubrating the optimal portfolio allocation model during accumulation phase and decumulation phase of pension funds; taking for that risky assets should decrease with time reducing during accumulation phase, but during decumulation risky assets should increase.

指出了本文研究的主要结论，以及研究的不足和未来研究的方向。本文研究的创新点在于：（1）从法和经济学的原理角度，全面研究了&审慎人&原则的理论解释、实践应用、对投资管理人行为影响的实证分析以及成功实施&审慎人&原则的因素分析，提出我国养老基金的投资管制应该逐步从严格的数量管制原则过渡到&审慎人&管制原则；（2）深入研究了养老基金的资产配置管制、业绩管制和产业结构管制的基本原理、负面效应、实证检验等，以及对OECD国家的国际比较；（3）研究了养老金计划的相对收益率担保的基本原理，并对其作用机制进行了敏感性分析，提出了我国收益率担保机制设计的方案；（4）首次采用&内容分析法&对国际范围内的养老金计划的投资政策进行了研究，找出了投资政策应该包含的关键要素；（5）提出组合多样化是最重要的风险控制手段，并给出了衡量养老基金组合多样化程度的效率评价模型；（6）深入研究了养老基金积累阶段和缩减阶段的最优资产配置的数量模型，认为在积累阶段对风险资产的投资应该随着时间减少，而在缩减阶段，风险资产应随着时间增加。

It is the rules of international trade and the international trade under rules it adheres to.

但在实践中则是坚持国际贸易规则和维持规则下的国际贸易。

Because of the stillness in theory and practice of international jus cogens, the definition of international jus cogens is now being oppugned by western scholars constantly, who also assailing the rationality, legitimacy, and practicality of the its existence.

近些年来，由于国际强行法在理论和实践中的沉寂，西方学者不断地对国际强行法这一概念提出质疑，并抨击其存在的合理性、正当性和实用性。

At last, Dunning established The Eclectic Theory of International Production and made the two kinds of theory syncretized.

本文首先以国际贸易理论和国际直接投资理论从各成体系到相互融合为脉络，简要概述两种理论的融合发展及其实践表现。

At present, compared with the advanced legislation of other foreign countries and international society , the legislation of offences of corruption, bribery , misappropriating public funds has certain amount of deficiency and shortcomings , which does not meet with the needs of Chinese anti - corruption strategy and the strong anti - corruption will of people, the co- operation of international society as well.

目前，我国的贪污、受贿、挪用公款等贪污犯罪的立法与国际社会和国外一些先进国家的立法相比，与我国的司法实践的需要相比，还存在着相当大的缺陷和不足，这一现状与我国的反腐败的战略需要和人民群众反腐败的强烈期盼以及开展反腐败的国际合作都是不相适应的。

Indeed, the Peloponnesian War features everything one finds in modern international relations theory and practice:"international anarchy," the condition in which political entities exist in a state of nature with one another; attempts by these poleis to improve their security by means of alliances or war; weak allies who drag stronger allies into war, balance of power considerations; and "security dilemmas" brought about by a lack of trust among the actors.

确实，伯罗奔你撒战争反映了我们现代国际关系的理论和实践的所有内容：&国际无政府状态&，一种政治实体之间的自然存在状态；城邦试图以同盟或战争的形式增强安全；出于势力均衡的考虑，弱同盟把比它强大的同盟拖入战争；行为者之间信任的缺乏导致的&安全两难&。

This paper aims to deal with the theoretical basis of commercialization of international non-governmental organization, including the causes, ideas, practices as well as challenges. By delineating the experience of Peaceboat, this Japan-based INGO presents a successful story of strategic commercialization on the strength of combining tourism and peace education in a global context.

有鉴於此，本研究拟重新探讨第三部门产业化的基础，包括第三部门产业化的原因、、策与基本架构，最后再佐以国际非政府组织「日本和平船」的策，进一步分析国际非政府组织在面对产业化过程中的实践与挑战。

Know deeply on the Inernational engineering theory in rules and standers , have some experiences and achievements in that area , know at least one foreign language

对国际工程运作的规则，标准等理论有相当的了解，有一定的国际工程方面的实践经验和业绩，最少懂一门外语

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。