国有企业

From 1990s, with the use of Management Buy-outs by several enterprises in China, a lot of successful cases of MBO had let the economists, managers and policy-makers all concerned with this method. A MBO is a transaction that a group of managers buying a substantial amount of equity or asset in the firm for which they work. After that, the managers control the firm, change the equity and asset structure of the firm. It plays an important role in solving the property right problem of GOE and privately- owned enterprises and their lack of incentive mechanism in China.

进入90年代以来，随着管理层收购被我国一些企业采用，众多管理层收购案例的成功实施引起了中国经济界和企业界的强烈关注，管理层收购作为一种公司管理层购买本企业的股票或资产，以取得目标企业的控制权，从而改变公司所有权结构、控制权格局以及公司资产结构的制度安排方式对我国解决国有企业和民营企业产权不清问题，从而激励管理层提高企业业绩具有重要作用。

Practice has proved that this is a support to the success of the construction industry enterprise development initiatives, we are actively taking measures to support the construction industry enterprises, especially the restructuring of state-owned enterprises reform, encourage and guide enterprises with the high level of construction mainlander joint reorganization of enterprises, improving the management level of enterprises and enhance their market competitiveness.

实践证明，这是一项扶持建筑业企业发展的成功举措，我们积极采取各项措施，支持建筑业企业特别是国有企业的改制改革，鼓励与引导企业与外省高水平的建筑业企业联合重组，提高企业的管理水平，增强企业的市场竞争能力。

With reform of State-owned Enterprises, many large state-owned enterprises have been managed as the State-owned Single Proprietorship Company, which has played an important role in the state-owned economy.

国有独资公司成为我国目前国有企业的一种重要组织形式，在国有经济中发挥着举足轻重的作用。

In the second part, the article specially researches the problems and reasons for the entrepreneur"s motivation and restriction in the reforming of the state—owned enterprise. There are five problems on the previous means of the motivation and restriction, including unclear subject , undistinct object , undefinite principle, unperfect means and diversified goals . The reasons for the problems are that the definition of the entrepreneur in state—owned enterprise is ambiguous ,and the appointment lags behind the reality ,also the trammels of traditional ideas don"t smash.

在回顾了国有企业改革进程中国有企业家激励与约束方式的基础上，分析过去的激励与约束存在主体不明确、客体不清晰、原则不确定、方式不到位、目标多元化的五个问题；然后分析这些问题产生的三个原因，即国有企业家界定的模糊性、任用方式的滞后性和传统思想观念的束缚。

Additionally, following the route of employment system reform, firms with worse performances are firstly denationalized, so the remaining SOEs are better ones, whose wage and employment are still regulated by the government. Thus, compared with non-SOEs, the difference of labor productivity between enterprises of different ownership enlarged during the reform.

由于就业体制改革的规则是先从效益差的企业入手，而且就业体制的改革往往还伴随着企业的非国有化过程，因此存量国有企业往往是那些绝对效益较好的企业，政府对这些企业仍然保留着一定程度的工资和就业管制，这就造成了不同所有制企业间的相对的劳动生产率差异在改革过程中不断扩大！

Comrade Jiang Zemin pointed out explicitly in the report at 15th Party Congress:we must establish the effective state assets management mechanism that could guarantee value-insured and value-added of the state assets and preve...

本文在对国内外相关理论进行综述后，结合我国国有企业和国有资产管理体制改革实践，运用机制设计理论和博弈论等方法，设计出一种防范国有资产流失的治理机制。

Chinese state-owned industrial enterprises' performance varied with the U model since 1978. Under the conditions of sellers' market and shortage economy before 1992, the state-owned enterprises' productivity increased and profitability decreased.

1978年以来，中国国有企业的绩效呈现出U型变动模式。1992年前，在卖方市场和短缺经济的条件下，国有企业的生产率提高而利润率却大幅下降。

It with the stockholders rights structure target, the company governs the structure target to carry on the multiple regression analysis The result show that the connection between the expropriations by the controlling shareholder with the proportion of controlling shareholder is a reversal'U', the expropriation by the controlling shareholder is significantly negative related with the shares of the second shareholder, the first major stockholders as the state-owned enterprise holding must be more easier than the non-state-owned enterprise holding to invade behavior and the expropriation by the controlling shareholder is significantly negative related with the independent trustee proportion.

数据结果表明，控股股东和上市公司之间的关联交易规模与控股股东持股比例呈显著的正相关关系，控股股东持股比例与上市公司的经营性资金被占用率呈倒&U&型关系；第二大股东对于抑制控股股东与上市公司之间的关联交易规模具有一定的作用；当控股股东为国有企业控股时要比非国有企业控股更容易发生大股东侵占行为。

Differential effects of gender on perceptions of teleworking by human resources managers 著者: pérez, manuela pérez; carnicer, mu pilar de luis; sánchez, angel martínez 资料来源: women in management review 17, no.

国有企业人力资源管理的研究，石家庄经济学院学报， 2001 ， 06国有企业人力资源管理的主要症结和出路，北京理工大学学报， 2001 ， 01

Based on the condition of less of resources in enterprise conformity, the article demonstrates the diff...

结合我国现有资源有限的情况，指明国有企业与非国有企业的整合主体存在着区别。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。