国家银行

With the expanding and self-improvement of direct finance market from the middle of 20 centuries, the mode of enterprise financing has changed much, which is known as disintermediation. The market-based financial system has become the choice of many countries which is characterized by direct financing, and the effect and function of banks is facing much greater challenging than ever before.

二十世纪五六十年代以来，随着西方国家直接金融市场规模的迅速扩张和功能的日趋完善，企业的外部融资方式发生了重大变化，以直接融资为特征的市场主导型金融模式成为许多国家金融体制选择的目标，银行在社会经济生活中的作用和功能受到了前所未有的挑战。

Due to the civil war caused by rebel leader Charles Taylor who has just been toppled by another rebel group and my father's status as a civil-servant by law in my country and the sensitivity of my father's position that attracts public attention, he cannot operate a Domiciliary account in order to keep this large sum of money in a bank in my country.

由于内战造成的，由叛军领袖查尔斯泰勒的人刚刚被推翻，由另一个叛乱集团和我父亲的地位，作为一个公务员的公仆依法在我的国家和灵敏度为我父亲的立场，即吸引了公众的注意力，他也不能操作家居帐户，以保持这大笔的钱在银行，在我的国家。

He credits Hamilton for the development of a national budget system, a funded debt, a central bank, a working tax system and a coast guard, and ultimately considers him a master of statecraft.

他赞扬了汉密尔顿为国家预算体系、固定债务、中央银行、有效的税收体系以及海岸警卫队的发展所做的巨大贡献，并最终将其视为治理国家的大师。

Of this amount,$13.6 billion was in financing to mostly middle-income countries from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development for 118 projects; and $8.7 billion was mostly in the form of no-interest loans or grants to the poorest countries from the International Development Association, for 161 projects.

在223亿美元的承诺贷款额中，136亿美元是贷款，借款国大多为国际复兴开发银行的中等收入国家，贷款项目总数为118个；87亿美元为无息贷款或赠款，目的地国为国际开发协会的最贫困国家，项目总数为161个。

World Bank expert Kean .Maston has also compared some high tax burden countries and the low tax burden country economical growth situation through the real diagnosis method, obtains the tax rate the change to be able to affect the economical directly the growth, namely the economical growth and the tax burden are related.

世界银行专家基恩·马斯顿还通过实证方法比较了一些高税负国家与低税负国家的经济增长情况，得出税率的变化会直接影响经济的增长，即经济增长与税负相关。

They have their own peace keeper, their own fund, their own bank, and 15 states mugwump conferrence held annually, just as those of UN. Under management of ECWAS, economy rapidly developed in 15 countries of West Africa, demos enjoy peace life and work, visa exemption between 15 countries becoming research object of many economists.

他们同联合国一样有自己的维和部队，自己的基金会，自己的银行，每年一届的15国首脑会议，西非的15个国家在西非经济共同体的治理下经济飞速发展，人民安居乐业，15个国家免签证，也成为世界很多经济学者所研究的对象！

But "failed to materialize," the land issue can not be ignored, some developers rely on bank loans, land speculation, using the state money, occupied countries, the waiting for land values

但是， "没有实现，"土地问题不能忽视，一些开发商依靠银行贷款，土地投机，利用国家的钱，被占领的国家，等待土地价值

CDB is currently the country's "soft loan" balance of approximately more than 3000 billion yuan.

国家开发银行是目前国家的"软贷款"大约超过30000.0亿元的平衡。

This newly created central bank, which is supranational, manages the one currency of 12 countries.

这个新成立的、超越国家的中央银行，掌管着十二个国家的一种货币。

They studied the banking sectors of 221 countries and territories and found that the nearer a country was to a tax haven, the more competitive and efficient its banking system appeared to be.

通过研究221个国家和地区的银行业，他们发现：一个国家越是靠近避税港，其银行系统就表现的越为竞争有效。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。