国家银行

TEXT 1、The World Bank, which consists of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association, has one central purpose: to promote economic and social progress in developing nations by helping raise productivity so that their people may live a better and

世界银行，是由国际复兴开发银行和国际发展协会组成，有一个主要目的，就是通过帮助增强其生产力，帮助发展中国家推进他们经济和社会进步，以使得他们的人民过上一个幸福和富裕的生活。

The World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) provides, at interest rates lower than those in markets, medium- and long-term loans mainly for the developing countries.

作者刘锡荣认为，世界银行是国际复兴开发银行的简称。它主要向发展中国家提供中、长期货款，利率低于市场利率。

World Bank International Development Program www.worldbank.org/ida The International Development Association is the part of the World Bank that helps the world's poorest countries.

世界银行国际发展项目国际开发协会隶属于世界银行，其目的是帮助世界上最贫穷的国家。

The World Bank and the International Finance Corporation, the private sector arm of the World Bank Group, which produced the ranking, praised the nation for speeding up economic reform.

世界银行和世界银行集团中的一个私营部门 IFC所做的这份排名，称赞这个国家正在加速经济改革。

In the World Bank, those member countries that are considered as developing and therefore entitled to borrow from the Bank.

在世界银行，指那些被认为是处于发展中阶段、因而有资格从世界银行借款的国家。

What lies behind this mumbo-jumbo is the recognition that emerging-market banks are not just getting bigger but also have piles of excess deposits because they are based in countries with high levels of savings.

在这些莫名其妙的话语背后，是对这一事实的承认：新兴市场银行不但越来越大，而且由于它们扎根的国家储蓄水平较高，所以这些银行拥有大量过剩存款。

Take PNC Bank and National City.

例如 PNC 银行和国家城市银行。

Although the liquidation of nearly three billion dollars of brokers' loans contracted credit, and the Reserve Banks lowered the rediscount rate, and the way in which the larger banks and corporations of the country had survived the emergency without a single failure of large proportions offered real encouragement, nevertheless the poisons were there

虽然近三十亿美元的经纪人贷款清盘已经缔结了贷款合同，储备银行也降低了重贴现利率，而且国家大银行和企业在紧急状态时得以生存且没有大规模的损失的方法也提供了真实的鼓励，但是毒素依然在那里

Although the liquidation of nearly three billion dollars of brokers' loans contracted credit , and the Reserve Banks lowered the rediscount rate, and the way in which the larger banks and corporations of the country had survived the emergency without a single failure of large proportions offered real encouragement , nevertheless the poisons were there : over production of capital ; over ambitious expansion of business concerns; overproduction of commodities under the stimulus of installment buying and buying with stock-market profits; the maintenance of an artificial price level for many commodities; the depressed condition of European trade .

译文尽管清算了经纪人三十亿美元借贷增加了信用、国家储备银行拿出钱补贴降低了贴现率、大银行和大企业没有蒙受什么损失就渡过难关也使人振奋，但毒素仍然存在：投资过热、盲目上马、分期付款购物和凭股市收益购物造成商品生产过剩、人为调节价格以及对欧贸易不景气。投资过热、盲目上马。（运用我们现在的习惯用语）对欧（对字不能少，不是欧洲贸易）凭股市收益（凭字不能改为用字，文章本意是还未兑现，估计后市可能仍为多头市场，于是提前消费

Instead, it is based on the riskiness of a bank's assets.

国际银团是由不同国家的多家银行组成的银行集团。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。