国家体制

The prodeminar will emphasize the hard problems in heating system reformation, communicate and summarize the experience in heating system reformation form Construction Department and experimental unit, exchange correlative technology of heating system, introduce antilogy, content and object of correlative policy, give counsel for heating system reformation enacting and heating mode choosing.

研讨会将重点探讨供热体制改革中的难题，沟通、总结建设部及各地供热改革试点经验，交流供热系统相关技术，介绍国家相关政策制定思路、主要内容和目标，积极推广供热采暖先进技术和先进产品，为供热体制改革政策的制定及不同地区选择适合自己的采暖方式、供热与计量技术出谋划策。

Conscientiously do asset disposal programme last year against assets of the assessment results, a follow-up, further funds between state, collective and individual interests, reasonable disposition of assets; Equity structure of the programme diligently, in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development for enterprises, the establishment of reasonable equity structure, integrated into holding face, percentage, holding objects and conditions, Holding forms and relevant supporting policies that open, fair, just, transparent; conscientiously working resettlement programme, with the stock assets settlement of issues left over by history with more features I Homes surplus personnel for the relevant policies, reasonable and lawful solution to the issue of labor contracts with employees of the conversion from state-owned assets set piece, the resettlement of surplus personnel, efforts to stabilize; conscientiously do corporate management structure programmes in strict accordance with the requirements of the modern enterprise system, and regulate the establishment of the Board, shareholders, the board of supervisors, and reasonable adjustment of production structure and organization of production patterns; conscientiously party and mass organizations reform programmes, and actively explore the relationship between the party organizations working system, the forms of organizations, activities, party and mass organizations play a good role in the development of enterprises should be; conscientiously development plan starting from the structure and mechanism, innovation, better planning of new business development ideas, direction, objectives and initiatives.

认真做好资产处置方案，针对去年资产评估的结果，做好后续工作，进一步清产核资，兼顾国家、集体、个人三者利益，合理处置资产；认真做好股权结构方案，按照有利于企业持续发展的要求，合理设置股权结构，综合考虑持股面、持股比例、持股对象和条件、持股形式及相关配套政策，做到公开、公平、公正、透明；认真做好职工安置方案，用存量资产解决历史遗留问题，针对我院富余人员较多的特点，争取相关政策，合理合法地解决职工身份转换与劳动合同问题，从国有资产中划出一块，安置富余人员，努力做好稳定工作；认真做好法人治理结构方案，严格按照现代企业制度的要求，规范建立董事会、股东会、监事会，同时，合理调整生产组织模式和生产组织结构；认真做好党群组织改革方案，积极探索党群组织的工作体制、组织形式、活动方式，发挥好党群组织在企业发展中应有的作用；认真做好发展规划方案，从体制和机制入手，大胆创新，规划好新型企业发展的思路、方向、目标和举措。

The second part, this part introduced the current situation and experience of O E C D countries, and expatiates on how to searched after an path of treasury administration system reformation and.

第二部分，从OECD国家的国库管理体制现状及其管理经验，探索我国国库管理体制改革的途径。

John. China's creaking socialist sports system, in which the state -- not athletes themselves -- control their lives and commercial appearances, has been unable to produce very many camera-ready stars.

在中国的社会主义运动体制中，国家控制着运动员的生活和商机，运动员没有多少自主权；这一体制也无法制造出众多商业化体育明星。

The conclusion is that the path of Nanjie's institutional change is the outcome of the coevolution, say, competition, constraints, enforcement and transformation between the state and market; the coevolution have three dimensions: benefit, legitimacy and ideology; the path and outcome of institutional change in the process of coevolution are shaped by both the dual process of modernization and marketization in China's social transformation and the path dependence and cultural lag in China's incremental reform strategy: on the one hand, as historical conditions, the proceeding and logic of China's modernization constraint the state and market's institutional choices; on the other hand, under the interplay between the path dependence and cultural lag, the interaction between the state and market can produce various complex combinations, therefore various institutional landscape, even "institutional paradox".

本文认为，高度政治化、高度集体化的南街村体制是国家与市场互动演化，即国家与市场之间相互竞争、制约、强化和改变的结果；国家与市场之间的互动演化有利益、合法性和意识形态等三个维度，而互动演化所造成的制度变迁轨迹和结果则同时受中国社会转型中的现代化进程和市场化进程，以及渐进式改革中的路径依赖和文化堕距的影响：一方面，现代化进程作为一种共同的历史条件制约着国家和市场各自在互动过程中的制度选择；另一方面，在路径依赖和文化堕距的交互作用下，国家与市场之间的互动会形成多种复杂的、犬牙交错的组合，从而塑造出千姿百态的制度景象甚至"悖论"。

The emergence and development of judge interpretation reflects the trend of strengthening the power of Judges in the civil proceedings of countries and regions under the Continental Law. However, it doesn't mean the proceedings have undergone fundamentally structural changes. The judge has to execute his right of judge interpretation within the extent of dialecticism and disposition doctrine, which is in contrast with the disposition system under the judge-dominant proceedings mode.

释明制度的产生与发展，反映了当前大陆法系国家和地区民事诉讼中强化法官职权的趋势，但这并不意味着其诉讼体制发生结构性根本变化，法官需要在辩论主义和处分权主义的约束范围内适当行使释明权，这与法官职权主导诉讼体制下的职权告知制度有着根本的区别。

The unified management is the basic goal and legal bottom line of the system reform.

统一管理是司法鉴定体制改革的基本目标和法律底线，依法抓好国家管理、社会公共管理和行政许可管理，正确处理局部和整体的关系，建立和完善司法鉴定统一管理体制，以鉴定公正促进司法公正。

Although some problems arose in the implementation of cooperative medical system such as malpractice and jobbery of cadres at the grassroots level and unlicensed doctors, the defects can't obscure the virtues:from the standpoint of life expectancy and infant mortality rate,the former has risen from 35 in 1949 to 68 in 1982 and the latter has dropped from 200%to20-30%,which speaks for itself that rural medical system during the collectivist period has gained remarkable achievements.

中国"在落后国家的经济水平上达到了先进国家的卫生水平"，取得"低收入发展中国家举世无双的成就"，并成为"发展中国家解决卫生经费的惟一范例"。1980年代初，农村经济体制改革对合作医疗制度与赤脚医生队伍造成的冲击使农村医疗卫生制度改革势在必行。

In the new era, the "township government and villagers self-governance" system as an institutional commitment shows the recognition and the protection of the farmers' personal rights set in the market-economy background, which is a new governmental administrative structure and a new rural governance based on the foundation of market, democracy and monocracy concept.

新时期中国"乡政村治"体制是国家在市场经济背景下对农民个人权利承认和保护的制度性承偌，是一种基于市场、民主和法制理念的新的行政管理结构和乡村治理方式，它标志着国家行政权与乡村自治权的相对分离、国家与社合的边界的重新确定，对国家民主建设意义也特别重大。

Subject to the struggle history between the Preservationist and the Utilitarian in the American National Park Movement and the managerial thoughts of different directors of the National Park Service, this paper explicated the American National Park System in details, from which the firm protection theory and the profound social background for the administrative system of American National Park are demonstrated.

以美国国家公园运动中的保护和实用主义的斗争为主线，以国家公园管理局领军人物的更迭及其管理思想的变迁为附线，详述了美国国家公园系统从诞生、发展到成熟的演进全过程，从中可见美国国家公园的坚定保护理念和美国国家公园政府管理体制形成的深刻社会背景和历史发展脉络。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失