国家

The category of the research on victimology includes the natural person,the corporation and the state infringed directly by criminality.

被害人学的研究范畴应当是直接遭受犯罪侵害的自然人、法人、国家。

In their exercise of power, the primary task of modern nation-states is to transform "people" into politically, culturally and volitionally bounded "citizens," so that the state, instead of the "ruler," will be regarded by the ruled as the object of loyalty, and supportive forces that uphold from below the identity of political communities will occur.

现代民族国家的政治权力之遂行，首要工作乃是将「人」打造成有政治边界、文化边界与意志边界的「公民」，以使被统治者政治效忠的对象由「统治者」转变为「国家」，并且产生具有再生产性质由下而上支撑政治共同体同一性的支持力量。

And men, nations, doctrines, what you will, wax and wane by analogous acts of selection.

以及人，国家，教条，你将的，通过选择的类似行为的盈亏。

Country walnut 石栗［Aleurites molucana;A triloba

n。 国家，乡村，山地，故乡a。乡下的，农村的

The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，&国家&代替&帝国&，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

State - society two contradictive model is the domain paradigm in the different kinds of countryside governance theory .

国家—社会的二元相对模式是各种乡村治理理论研究中的主流范式。

Reporter;Slippery dry ice;Motorcycle;Physics;Engineering;Course;Umbrella;Diligentia,concern;Program,item;Activity;Collect res and collect an article;Lesson table;Politics;Australia;Copy chief,edit;Author,writer;Novel;Mirror;Chopsticks;Walkman;Drawer;Magazine;Village,country;Furniture;Meet,should;The rap beat;Wonderful of;Lawn;University;University of Peking;Chin Hua university;Theater;Neighbouring of;Always;Forward;Information;Copy room;Until the ……;Replacement;Ticket,arch;Thousands;Safe of;Without obstruction of;Blind of;Lap,flank;Nationality

几个英语单词不会：记者；滑旱冰；摩托车；物理；工程；过程；雨伞；注意、关心；节目、项目；活动；收集物、收藏品；课表；政治；澳大利亚；主编、编辑；作者、作家；小说；镜子；筷子；随身听；抽屉；杂志；农村、乡下；家具；会、应该；敲击打；美妙的；草坪；大学；北京大学；清华大学；剧场；附近的；一直地；向前；信息；复印室；直到……为止；更换；票、券；成千上万；安全的；畅通无阻的；瞎的；边、旁边；国家

From Alaska to the Yukon Territory to Quintana Roo and Campeche; from Hawaii to Greenland; this first FlagPride collection includes all of North America - whether it's the national flag of Canada, your home state, estado, province or territory - or a place of special memories and interest.

从阿拉斯加到育空地区，以金塔纳罗奥州和坎佩切；从夏威夷到格陵兰，这首flagpride收集包括所有北美-无论它的国旗，加拿大，您的家庭，国家， e stado，省或地区-或一个地方的特殊回忆和利益。

Eusebius, with his complete knowledge of early Christian literature, states that they were among the books universally recognized in the Church ta para pasin homologoumena Hist.

优西比乌，他的全部知识的早期基督教文学，国家，他们之间的图书普遍承认的教会大段pasin homologoumena

On one hand, school choice is in line with the pursuit of individual liberty in American values, whereas the doubt and accusation of its damaging effect on equality and fairness have become one of the reasons for the incontinuity of its development. In spite of the high status of equality in the American ideal, one cannot have liberty and equality both.

因此，美国择校之所以在近40年的发展过程出现起伏和曲折，正是与这些分歧背后所蕴涵的更为深刻的因素具有密切的关系，这些因素在最概括的层面上讲，就是美国自由和平等的理想以及包括个人、国家、利益集团的利益在内的美国利益。

As of Tuesday, Google's results were still censored in China.

截至周二，谷歌的搜索结果仍受中国审查。

In order to make the positive action increase and negative one decrease, the sub-forces of the social factors must be adjusted to form a centripetal force.

在这一过程中，人的主体性发挥是社会有机体健康发展的灵魂。