国外的

In chapter 3, this paper describes the various models of the passive dampers for analysis and calculation taking account into the precision and other aspects, and points out the Maxwell model is enough to limn the characteristic of the fluid viscous damper under stress in most operating condition; in chapter 4, this chapter. further validates the rationality and advantage employing the fluid viscous damper in practical project and the reliability of the adopted model on the base of referring relevant experiments overseas and their data.

在文章的第三章，着重讨论了基于精确度等方面考虑而建立的被动阻尼器的各种受力分析计算模型，并指出Maxwell模型足以描述在大多数工况下粘滞阻尼器的受力特性；第四章则是在参考了国外的相关实验及其数据基础上进一步验证了工程上使用粘滞阻尼器的的合理性和优越性及分析计算模型的可靠性。

In the investigation, we knew about the shtick of piazza's building in Ningbo. We tracked to investigate some piazza's building of our country's and overseas that we are balance between Ningbo's and those. Because that we had farther cognition and we had some attitude and opinion about future of the piazza's building in Ningbo.

在研究中，我们了解到了有关宁波广场建筑风格的特色，并且通过对国内及国外的部分广场的建筑的调查研究，与宁波的广场建筑进行对比分析，从而对宁波广场建筑有了进一步的认识，同时也对宁波广场建筑未来的发展有了我们自己的看法与见解。

There were many research productions in domestic and foreign countries, the deficiency mainly included: there were so many studies by the method of description, but less demonstration studies; much studies were rested on cognitive level, less on restraining level; the object or testee was in a small quantity, and the majority of researches merely attached much attention to one certain public, and the study on mainstream and normal people in society was absent; there were some restrictions on research implements, most of the studies usually adopted the scales of foreign countries.

国内外对生活方式的研究主要存在以下不足：描述性研究多，实证研究少；多进行认知层面的研究，缺乏控制层面的研究；研究对象被试数量小，主要关注某一特定人群，缺乏对社会主流的正常人群的研究；研究工具存在局限性，大多采用国外的量表，缺乏自编且适合我国公众的，信、效度较高的评价工具；在研究视角上，多从社会学和医疗护理角度，较少从心理学角度探讨生活方式与体质或健康的关系。

Though the online-game industry has great potential, it is still regarded as uncomely thing for the influence led by traditional thought, that is excessive attention to plaything saps the will. So the online-game industry has been ignored by the government and enterprises for a long time. Meanwhile, many online-game enterprises in Korea and the United State swarm into China's market, their products has taken the dominant position in the market.

尽管网络游戏产业发展潜力巨大，但是在我国由于受到玩物丧志传统思想的影响，网络游戏被视为上不得台面的东西，长期以来没有受到政府、企业的重视，而韩国、美国等国家的游戏企业却乘虚而入，大量的游戏产品挤占我国的市场，目前，国外的网络游戏产品已经在我国的网络游戏市场上占有主导地位。

We cannot, if we would, play the part of China, and be content to rot by inches in ignoble ease within our borders, taking no interest in what goes on beyond them; sunk in a scrambling commercialism; heedless of the higher life, the life of aspiration, of toil and risk; busying ourselves only with the wants of our bodies for the day; until suddenly we should find, beyond a shadow of question, what China has already found, that in this world the nation that has trained itself to a career of unwarlike and isolated ease is bound in the end to go down before other nations which have not lost the manly and adventurous qualities.

我们决不能扮演中国的角色，要是我们重蹈中国的覆辙，自满自足，贪图自己疆域内的安宁享乐，渐渐地腐败堕落，对国外的事情毫无兴趣，沈溺於纸醉金迷之中，忘掉了奋发向上、苦干冒险的高尚生活，整天忙於满足我们肉体暂时的欲望，那麼，毫无疑问，总有一天我们会突然发现中国今天已经发生的这一事实：畏惧战争、闭关锁国、贪图安宁享乐的民族在其他好战，爱冒险的民族的进攻面前是肯定要衰败的。

How quickly all things disappear, in the universe the bodies themselves, but in time the remembrance of them; what is the nature of all sensible things, and particularly those which attract with the bait of pleasure or terrify by pain, or are noised abroad by vapoury fame; how worthless, and contemptible, and sordid, and perishable, and dead they are- all this it is the part of the intellectual faculty to observe.

所有事物消失得多么快呀！在宇宙中是物体本身的消失，而在时间虽是对它们的记忆的消失。这就是所有可感觉事物的性质，特别是那些伴有快乐的诱惑或骇人的痛苦的事物，或者是那些远播国外的虚浮名声的性质。它们是多么的无价值、可蔑视、肮脏、腐烂和易朽啊！所有这些都是理智能力要注意的。

So far, the synthesis of facial aging image usually based on a single mode, with no consideration of different aging trajactories for various persons. Although foreign researchers had built aging database with considerable bulk, the facial images are mainly Caucasians, which are not appliable to our yellow race. In the meanwhile, methods based on 3D face models are too complicate and expensive to generalize to real-life applications.

以往对人脸图像的衰老合成通常只是基于单一人脸的信息；或者按单一模式来处理所有人的衰老，并没有考虑不同种类人有着不同的个性化变老途径；虽然国外的学者建立了较大容量的人脸衰老数据库，但它只适合于西方人，并不适用于亚洲人种，且对从青年至老年阶段的衰老究尚不够深入；而基于三维模型的衰老模拟技术目前还存在数据获取及操作不便的缺点，限制了其应用推广。

Chapter Two reviews former researches on this subject and puts forward the perspective of the writer. Specifically, abroad researches are reflected from sociological, psychological and economical points of view whereas attention is paid to domestic statements in 30s and 80s in the 20th century. Contrastingly, this study pays attention to the influential factors for the formation of prospect in an uncertain situation from socio-psychological, especially socio-cognitive psychological perspective.

第二章则通过回顾对这一问题的相关研究，提出自己的研究视角，具体地说，对国外的研究分别从社会学、心理学和经济学三个方面进行回顾，国内则主要是20世纪三、四十年代的一些论述以及八十年代以后的一些研究，而本研究的视角是从社会心理学尤其是社会认知心理学的角度出发，考察不确定性情景下预期形成的影响因素。

Chapter Two reviews former researches on this subject and puts forward the perspective of the writer. Specifically, abroad researches are reflected from sociological, psychological and economical points of view whereas attention is paid to domestic statements in 30s and 80s in the 20th century. Contrastingly, this study pays attention to the influential factors for the formation of prospect in an uncertain situation from socio-psychological, especially socio-cognitive psychological perspective. Chapter Three deals with the direct association of psychological prospect and the choice of action pattern.

第二章则通过回顾对这一问题的相关研究，提出自己的研究视角，具体地说，对国外的研究分别从社会学、心理学和经济学三个方面进行回顾，国内则主要是20世纪三、四十年代的一些论述以及八十年代以后的一些研究，而本研究的视角是从社会心理学尤其是社会认知心理学的角度出发，考察不确定性情景下预期形成的影响因素。

The aesthetics is the guide of art teaching art, there are a lot of aesthetics genres both in ancient and modern, China and foreign. Some of them have the most direct influence on art teaching, such as Confucian aesthetics, Taoist aesthetics and Zen aesthetics, heteronomous aesthetics, autonomy aesthetics, hermeneutic aesthetics and art sign aesthetics. We can get help from these theories to scan art teaching art, how to obey the character of appreciation beauty, how to follow the nature of the art, how to unseal the students taste mentality skillfully, how to show the artistic charm properly and all rounds.

艺术教学艺术需要美学的引领，古今中外有着许多的美学流派，其中中国的儒家美学、道家美学和禅宗美学，国外的他律美学与自律美学、解释学美学与接收美学以及艺术符号美学对艺术教学的影响最直接，从它们那里获得的启迪，都帮助本文审视艺术教学艺术，如何遵从了艺术的审美品格，如何尊重了艺术的本质，如何巧妙地开启学生的审美心理，恰当地全面地为学生展示艺术的魅力。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。