固定成本

This is the case of "constant costs" or perfectly elastic supply.

这是"成本固定"或供给完全弹性的情况。

That is to say, advertising spending will change from fixed expenses to variable cost of sales.

如此说来，广告费用会从客户的固定费用，变成销售的变动成本。

And currently in the local oil-field, the operation of adding medicine is numerously completed by manual work or setting the metric pump as stationary value, the amount of medicine can't dynamicly track crude oil flow, the worker of adding medicine needs guard 24 hours,the laboring intensity is heavy, the cost of manual guard is oppositely high, and the some important parameter also can't proceed real-time monitoring.

而目前国内油田的加药工作多由人工完成或给计量泵设置固定值，加药量无法动态跟踪原油流量，加药工人需24小时值守，劳动强度大，人工值守相对成本偏高，而且一些重要参数也无法进行实时监控。

In a way the cost of the service is the only left advantage in favour of the fixed telephony.

在服务成本的方式是唯一留下的固定电话优势赞成票。

When costs were primarily unit-based, a simple distinction between fixed and variable costs could be made.

当费用主要单位根据，固定和可变成本之间的简单的可能被区分。

The fixed and variable elements of semi-variable costs can be determined by the high-low method .

在半变动成本中固定和变动的因素可以通过高低点法进行计算。

Another popular method of controlling costs is for HMOs to give a provider group a fixed payment per patient, or capitated rate, that is independent of utilization of services.

另一种常见的方法来控制成本是外包给一组提供一个固定金额为每名患者或断头率，即独立的服务利用率。

Pathological posmon was fixed by one hana,while centesis was performed by another hand with the pose of grasping pen.

目前尚缺乏简便易行并且成本低廉的高效针吸操作方法。我们设计了&L型针管负压固定器&，在针吸细胞学诊断应用中取得了良好的效果。

The design of derailleur strew thread plate, the structure and fixing mode of damageable parts of die are introduced, the replacement and repair of damageable parts can be accomplished without disassembly die on pressure machine, thus, the utilizing efficiency of die and equipment get improved, and the production costs get lowered.

介绍了螺纹板切槽模的设计，以及模具中易损部件的结构和固定方式，不需从压力机上拆卸模具，就可完成易损部件的更换修理，从而提高模具及设备使用效率，降低生产成本。

（1）Bullae of lung ruptured spontaneous pneumothorax is the best indication for VATS,which has the advantages of less trauma and ache,short operation time,quick recovery and small incision;（2）Recurrent unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax with contineous air leakage of 7 days after closed thoracic drainage,bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax should be treated by VATS;（3）Spontaneous pneumothorax with pleura adhesion can be treated by pneumonolysis and bullae of lung excision under thoracoscopy assisted small incision operation.

疗效满意。结论：（1）肺大泡破裂自发性气胸是胸腔镜手术最佳的适应证，与传统开胸手术相比，胸腔镜手术具有患者创伤小，手术时间短，术后疼痛轻，康复快，符合美容要求等特点；（2）反复发作的单侧自发性气胸，行胸腔闭式引流术后持续漏气7d，双侧自发性气胸，不论是否同时发作都可考虑胸腔镜手术治疗；（3）自发性气胸并胸膜粘连可用胸腔镜辅助小切口行粘连松解肺大泡切除术；（4）为减少一次性材料的消耗，降低手术成本，可辅助小切口使用常规胸科手术器械完成手术；（5）为减少术后复发率需行胸膜固定术。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。